【译林湖南版】2011高考英语一轮复习提能训练：Module 8 Units 1～2《The universal language》（含解析）

　　【译林湖南版】2011高考英语一轮复习提能训练

　　Module 8

　　Units 1～2Ⅰ.填词

　　AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)is a medical condition caused by HIV(Human Immunedeficiency Virus)，a virus which damages people’s natural defenses against disease.So far，no cure has been found for it.

　　In the early mid-1980s，while other parts of the world were beginning to deal with the serious disease，Asia remained relatively unaffected by this newly-discovered health problem.By the early 1990s，however，HIV and AIDS had hit several Asian countries，and by the end of that decade，HIV was spreading rapidly in many areas of the continent.Today，HIV and AIDS are a growing problem in every region of Asia.The latest statistics produced by UNAIDS suggest that in 2008，over 5 million people were living with HIV or AIDS in Asia.

　　Various factors cause the spread of HIV，including poverty，inequality，unequal status of women，cultural myths about sex and high levels of migration(移民)．Although it’s useful to understand the situation of AIDS in Asia as a whole，each country in the region faces a different situation.In Cambodia and Thailand，there has been evidence of declines in HIV infection levels.In Indonesia，Pakistan and Vietnam，meanwhile，the number of people living with HIV has rapidly increased.In China，the number of people newly infected with HIV and AIDS is also rising，although at a much slower pace.

　　Much improvement is needed to prevent HIV and AIDS around Asia.New guidelines and policy documents have been continually issued over the years.Most of the successful programs do have at least three features in common.Firstly，these programs encourage HIV and AIDS education among the general population to teach people how to avoid infection and to face discrimination.Secondly，they are very practical and they involve the infected people themselves in program design and implementation(实施)．Last but not least，strong leadership is essential for HIV prevention.If all of the leaders truly committed themselves to this cause，then a great many lives would be saved.

　　Overview of HIV and AIDS in Asia

　　The __1__of AIDS HIV，a virus __2__ the body’s immune system.

　　The past situation In the early mid-1980s，with other parts of the world troubled with the serious disease，Asia remained __3__ by this newly-discovered health problem.

　　In the early 1990s，HIV and AIDS __4__ only several Asian countries，but HIV was spreading rapidly in the next 10 years in Asia.

　　The __5__ situation AIDS/HIV is a growing problem in every region，over 5 million people __6__ HIV or AIDS.

　　Asian countries are facing __7__ situations today.

　　The improvement to prevent HIV and AIDS Most of the successful programs have __8__ in common.

　　__9__ people to be educated about how to avoid infection and face discrimination.

　　Being practical and getting the infected people __10__ in the program design and implementation.

　　Leaders’ taking an active part in the cause.

　　Ⅱ.简答题

　　The age-old problem of why many women live longer than men has been solved.It’s their pumping power，British researchers have found.

　　On average，women live five years longer than men and women over the age of 60 are now the fastest-growing section of the British population.

　　The average male heart becomes weaker with age，and by the age of 70 its power to pump blood around the body could have decreased by up to a quarter of its youthful strength.

　　David Goldspink，a professor of Cell and Molecular Sports Science at Liverpool John Moores University，said yesterday that women’s longevity is linked to the strength of their hearts.Unlike men，they pump just as strongly at 70 as they do at 20.

　　“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20～25 percent between

　　18 and 70 years of age，”Professor Goldspink said.“However，over the same period there was no age-related decline in the power of the female heart，meaning that the heart of a healthy 70-year-old woman could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old’s.”

　　The big difference between the sexes might explain why women live longer.The good news is that men of any age can improve the health of their heart simply by taking more regular exercise.

　　The results are based on the findings of a two-year study of a cross-section of the British population，which examined the effects of ageing on the cardiovascular system(心血管系统)．

　　Professor Goldspink and a team of scientists at the university’s Research Unit for Human Development and Ageing examined more than 250 men and women between the age 18 and 80.

　　None of the volunteers had a habit of weekly exercise and all were considered to have low fitness levels，but were otherwise healthy.Each volunteer underwent five hours of tests to measure their blood pressure and the performance of their hearts while at rest and while they exercised on a treadmill(跑步机)．

　　The researchers found that the large arteries(大动脉)in the body became stiffer and less elastic(富有弹性的)with age，causing increased blood pressure.Blood flow to the muscles and skin of the limbs was also found to decrease.These changes were found to occur earlier in men，but women caught up much later.

　　1．Why do women live longer than men？(no more than 5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　2．According to David，between the age 18 and 70，as women get older，how does the power

　　of their hearts change？(no more than 5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3．How can men improve their heart system？(no more than 5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　4．What was the purpose of the study of a cross-section of the British population？(no more than 10 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A year ago August，Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan.His wife，Gerrie，was still working in the local school cafeteria，but work for Dave was scarce，and the price of everything was rising.The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years.Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift—$7,000，a legacy(遗产)from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch，who died in an accident.“It really made a difference when we were going under financially，” says Dave.

　　But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches.Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity.In some cases，it was a few thousand dollars；in others，it was more than $100,000.

　　It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money，more than $3 million—they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.

　　Children of the Great Depression，Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving.They thrived on(喜欢)comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase.

　　Through the years，the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it.“Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything，” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden，“They could see things they could do to make you happier，and they would do them.”

　　Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed.It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy—a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cents—should enrich the whole community(社区)and last for generations to come.

　　Neighbors helping neighbors—that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story.(2009·山东，A)

　　1．According to the text，the Fusses ________.

　　A．were employed by a truck company

　　B．were in financial difficulty

　　C．worked in a school cafeteria

　　D．lost their home

　　2．Which of the following is true of the Hatches?

　　A．They had their children during the Great Depression.

　　B．They left the family farm to live in an old house.

　　C．They gave away their possessions to their neighbors.

　　D．They helped their neighbors to find jobs.

　　3．Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store?

　　A．They decided to open a store.

　　B．They wanted to save money.

　　C．They couldn’t afford expensive things.

　　D．They wanted to buy gifts for local kids.

　　4．According to Sandy Van Weelden，the Hatches were ________.

　　A．understanding

　　B．optimistic

　　C．childlike

　　D．curious

　　5．What can we learn from the text?

　　A．The community of Alto was poor.

　　B．The summer camp was attractive to the parents.

　　C．Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy from the Hatches.

　　D．The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example.

　　Module 8

　　Units 1～2

　　Ⅰ.

　　1．cause　2.damaging　3.relatively unaffected　4.hit　5.present　6.living with　7.different　8.three features　9.Encouraging　10.involved

　　Ⅱ.

　　1．Because of the pumping power.

　　2．It remains almost unchanged/the same.

　　3．By taking more regular exercise.

　　4．To examine the effects of ageing on the cardiovascular system.

　　Ⅲ.

　　【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一对关心邻里、无私奉献的夫妻。他们把自己的财产留给需要的人，强调人人互助，世界就会更美好。

　　1．解析：事实细节题。从第一段前三句话可以看出，Fuss夫妇现在正处于经济困境中，所以B为正确答案。A、C项与文中有关细节不符，D项在文中没有信息支持。

　　答案：B

　　2．解析：事实细节题。第四段第一句话说Hatch夫妇是在大萧条时期出生的，而不是他们在大萧条时期有了孩子，排除A；第三段提到他们的老房子位于他们家的农场里，B错误；第二段提到他们帮助有困难的邻居们，但并未提及帮他们找工作，D错误。C项说他们把自己的财产捐赠给邻居，符合文意，故答案为C。

　　答案：C

　　3．解析：推理判断题。第四段提到他们有节约的习惯，买东西之前喜欢一个商店一个商店地比较价格，显然是为了省钱，故答案为B。A，他们决定开个商店；C，他们买不起贵的东西；D，他们想给当地的孩子买礼物，都明显与文意不符。

　　答案：B

　　4．解析：推理判断题。从文章第五段Sandy Van Weelden的话中可知，the Hatches从来不问你需要什么，而是能够发现你需要的东西，然后就来帮助你，这说明他们非常善解人意，故答案为A。B表示乐观的；C表示孩子气的，天真烂漫的；D表示好奇的，明显不符合文意。

　　答案：A

　　5．解析：推理判断题。A项错在这个社区很贫困，文章只是说这里有经济困难的人，并不是说这里是一个贫困社区；B项错在parents上；C项说Sandy Van Weelden得到了Hatches夫妇的一份遗产，文章只是提到他对他们的评价，并未说他得到遗产之事；从文章倒数第二段第二句话以及最后一段可以看出，Hatches夫妇的愿望就是他们的遗产能够为社区以及子孙后代造福，邻里之间能够互相帮助，故答案为D。

　　答案：D