高考英语一轮复习精品课件《Module 3 The violence of nature》（外研版必修3）

　　知识要点 要点三

　　句型 1. On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 美国每年平均会发生800多次龙卷风，造成大约80多人死亡，1 500人受伤。 归纳拓展 （1）句中的现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。 （2）分词作状语，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。逻辑 主语与分词是主动关系时，用现在分词；是被动关系时，用过去分词。 （3）现在分词短语作状语，还可以表示时间、条件、原因、伴随等。 例句：He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上。 He died,leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五个孩子。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. A.to let B.letting C.let D.having let 【解析】句意为：在入口处，玻璃门已取代了木门，这样白天自然光便可照射进来。A项to let动词不定式作目的状语时，其前不用逗号与主句隔开;作结果状语常以only to do形式出现；C项let为动词原形，不能用作状语；D项having let为分词的完成时态，表示动作在主句动词所表达的动作之前已完成，不合题意；B项letting现在分词作结果状语,符合题意，故选B。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②The direct flight has proved successful, _________ Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland. A.made B.making C.make D.makes 【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。making作结果状语，相当于which makes...。句意为：直达航班证明是非常成功的，这使得台湾成了大陆人们旅游的又一目的地。 【答案】B 知识要点 2. Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide. 蒙塞拉特岛是加勒比海上的一个美丽的小岛，仅长16千米，宽10千米。 归纳拓展 表示“长、宽、深、高、厚、年龄”等的句型： （1）主语+be+数词+单位词复数+形容词(如long/wide/high/tall/thick/deep/old等) （2）主语+be+数词+单位词复数+in+名词（如length/width/height/depth/age等） （3）This is a+数词+单位词单数+形容词+名词 知识要点 例句：The bridge is 200 metres long. =The bridge is 200 metres in length. 这座桥长200米。 This is a 200metrelong bridge. 这是一个长200米的桥。 知识要点 【链接训练】 The two boys are both 1.80 metres ________ height,but they are not ________ the same age. A.in;of B.of;in C.of;of D.in;in 【解析】空一考查“主语+be+数词+单位词复数+in+名词”；空二考查“be+of+名词”，两者都用来描述人或事物的特征。 【答案】A 知识要点 要点四

　　语法 1.过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态 (1)过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。用法如下： ①表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生了的动作。它表示这个动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用by,at,before等构成的短语或when,after,until等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。 例句：By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了12岁时，爱迪生已经开始自己谋生了。 知识要点 ②表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。这个动作可能还要延续下去。常和for或since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。 例句：He had lived in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston. 他搬到波士顿之前在纽约住了十年。 ③用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句。 例句：If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天看见你，他就会问这件事了。 知识要点 ④用在间接引语或宾语从句中。 放在像said,told,thought,wondered等动词过去时的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的行为。 例句：My friend told me that he had passed the exam. 我的朋友告诉我他已经通过了考试。 ⑤用在“It was the first/second time that...”句型中。此句型中主句用一般过去时，that引导的从句用过去完成时。 例句：It was the first time (that) we had spoken together.这是我们第一次在一起说话。 知识要点 (2)过去完成时的被动式表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成，且谓语动词与发出这一动作的主语存在被动关系。句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导时间状语。其结构为“主语＋had been done+其他”。 ①与by+过去时间搭配的被动语态用过去完成时。 例句：By the time he got to the school，the first period had been finished. 当他赶到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。 知识要点 ②在say，report，ask等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。 例句：The media reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the hurricane. 媒体报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。 ③根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。 例句：As the assignment had been done，he went on to search the Internet. 因为作业已经完成，他上网查阅一些资料。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①It was reported that Mr Smith ________ by the police for driving his car while drunk. A.killed B.had been shot C.caught D.had been caught 【解析】句意为：据报道，史密斯先生由于醉酒时开车，被警察逮捕了。catch发生在reported之前，故应用过去完成时。B项与语意不符。 【答案】D 知识要点 ②I was shocked to hear that your house ________ into. A.was broken B.broke C.had been broken D.have been broken 【解析】首先break这个动作发生在was shocked之前，即过去的过去；又house与break into之间存在被动关系，故应该用过去完成时的被动语态，答案为C。 【答案】C 知识要点 ③His earlier concert in Shanghai ________ a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer _________ a concert on the mainland. A.is;held B.was;held C.had been;would hold D.was;had held 【解析】句意为：他在上海举办的较早的音乐会取得了巨大的成功。这是台湾歌手第一次在大陆举办音乐会。由earlier可知his concert是在过去举办的，故使用一般过去时。在“It/This+is/was+the+序数词+time”引导的从句中常使用完成时态，由was可确定从句中谓语动词使用过去完成时，故答案为D。 【答案】D 知识要点 ④The play ________ on for quite some time when we arrived at the New Theatre. A.had already been B.has already been C.was D.would be 【解析】句意为：当我们到达新剧院时，那个戏剧已开演了一段时间了。由句意可知be on发生在过去的动作arrived之前，故应用过去完成时，答案为A。 【答案】A 知识要点 2.间接引语 当句子从直接引语变为间接引语时，应特别注意各部分的变化。 (1)时态变化 ①若主句谓语动词为现在时，间接引语的动词时态不变。 ②若主句谓语动词为过去时的时候，间接引语动词的时态变化如下： 现在时→过去时 过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时→过去完成时 注意：表示真理或客观事实，间接引语中谓语动词的时态不变。 知识要点 (2)时间状语、地点副词、指示代词、动词的变化 直接引语变为间接引语，某些代词、形容词、副词要发生变化。 now→thenago→before today→that day tomorrow→next dayhere→there this→that these→those come→gobring→take 知识要点 (3)人称的变化 直接引语变为间接引语，人称代词要作相应的变动，使其与谓语动词的人称一致。 He said ,“I’m happy.” →He said that he was happy. 他说：“我很开心。”→他说他很开心。 (4)必要的连词 ①陈述句用that连接 ②一般疑问句用if或whether ③特殊疑问句用相应的特殊疑问词 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①You’re saying ________ everyone should be equal,and this is where I disagree. A.whether B.that C.what D.if 【解析】句意为：你说的众生平等，我不敢苟同。在转述别人所说的陈述句时，用that引导的名词性从句表示。whether/if引导的名词性从句用来转述一般疑问句，用what等疑问词引导的名词性从句来转述特殊疑问句。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②I didn’t tell him _________. A.how long I have married B.when I had been married C.how long I had married D.when I got married 【解析】因为marry是短暂性动词，所以选项A、C表述错误；又因为when引导的从句变间接引语时，从句的时态不变，不需要改为过去完成时，所以选D。 【答案】D 知识要点 将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语 ③“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in my diary,”said Anne. Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in her diary. ④“Where do you usually have lunch ?” he asked me. He asked me where I usually had lunch. Thank you ! 必修3 Module 3

　　The Violence of Nature 课程解读 话题 The Violence of Nature(自然灾害) 功能 Giving a definition(下定义) 语法 1.Past perfect passive(过去完成时的被动语态)2.Indirect speech(间接引语) 课程解读 重点词汇及拓展 1.disaster n.灾难2.result vt.引起；导致 3.furniture n.家具4.bury vt.埋葬 5.occur vi.发生6.strike vt. & n.袭击 7.destroy vt.毁坏8.previous adj.以前的 9.damage n. & v.损失；损害 10.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的→violence n.暴力 11.erupt vi.（火山的）爆发；喷发→eruption n.爆发 12.possibility n.可能；可能性→possible adj.可能的→probable adj.可能的（近义词） 13.terrifying adj.恐惧的→terrified adj.害怕的→terrify vt.使……害怕 14.experience vt.经历→experienced adj.有经验的 重点短语 1.refer to提到；查询 2.pick up 拿起，拾起，搭载 3.take...off...去掉…… 4.on average平均 5.warn sb.of警告某人…… 6.set fire to纵火烧…… 7.put out扑灭 8.in all总共 9.be active in 积极…… 10.take place发生 11.find out弄清楚 12.end up in以……告终 课程解读 重点句型 1.On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 平均来说，美国每年发生大约800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。 2.By the time it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured. 风停时，已有700多人死亡，2 700人受伤。 3.Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide. 蒙特塞拉特岛是加勒比海上的一个美丽的小岛，长仅16千米，宽10千米。 知识要点 要点一

　　单词 1.experience n.［U］经验，体验；［C］经历；经历的事；体会 vt. 经历，体验；感受 归纳拓展 （1）have much teaching/working experience教学/工作经验丰富 learn by/from experience 从经验中学习 experience in/of在……方面有经验 in one’s experience据某人经验看 (2)experienced adj.有经验的，老练的 be experienced in 在……方面老练/有经验 知识要点 例句：Mr Brown has thirty years’ teaching/working experience.=Mr Brown has much experience in teaching/working. 布朗先生有30年的教学/工作经验。 During the war they experienced at first hand the horror of night bombing raids. 在战争期间，他们亲身体验了夜间空袭的恐惧。 He is very experienced in money matters. 他是处理金融事务的老手。 知识要点 【链接训练】 Human beings have five senses for ________ the world around them. A.experiment B.experience C.experimenting D.experiencing 【解析】experience the world “体验世界”，是动宾关系，且置于介词for后，所以用动名词的主动形式。句意为：人类用五种感觉来体验他们周围的世界。experiment意为“做实验，尝试”，与题意不符。 【答案】D 知识要点 2. bury vt. 埋葬，埋藏，用某物覆盖；从记忆中除去，忘记 归纳拓展 bury sb.in/at sth.将某人埋葬在…… bury sth.under/beneath sth.将……埋在……下面 bury one’s face in hands用手捂住脸 bury oneself in work/studies be buried in work/studies埋头工作/学习 知识要点 例句：The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks. 登山者被埋在一堆岩石中。 She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她双手掩面哭了起来。 After the divorce,she buried herself in her work. 离婚后她埋头于工作。 知识要点 【链接训练】 He ________ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs.But he still couldn’t _________ asleep. A.buried；go B.placed；went C.buried；fall D.laid;go to 【解析】句意为：由于楼上有噪音，他把头埋在枕头底下。但是，他仍旧不能入睡。bury sth. under/beneath sth.“将……埋在……下面”；fall asleep是固定短语，“入睡”。 【答案】C 知识要点 3. occur vi. 发生，出现；（想法、念头等）浮现，想起 归纳拓展 （1）If anything should occur...如果发生什么事情的话…… It occurred to sb. that...某人刚刚想到…… sth.occurs to sb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到…… （2）occurrent adj.正在发生的，偶然发生的 occurrence n.发生，出现，事件，发生的事情 知识要点 例句：It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe. 我突然想到要到欧洲旅游。 An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning. 今天早晨起床时，我突然想到一个绝妙的主意。 I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police? 我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧？ 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①—Why are you so late？ —I was in half the way when it ________ to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it. A.occurred B.hit C.happened D.reminded 【解析】It occurred to sb.that...意为“某人突然想起……”。后半句句意为：我在半路突然想起我把笔记本忘在家里了，所以只好回去取。 【答案】A 知识要点 用happen，occur，take place完成句子 ②How did the accident happen? ③Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. ④It so happened that I had no money with me. ⑤Great changes have taken place in China in the last 20 years. 知识要点 4. strike(struck;struck/stricken) vt. 打；（灾难、暴风雨等）袭击；侵袭；使突然发生；到达vt.&vi. 碰上，碰撞；突然想到vt. 给……以印象；打动某人的心（常用被动结构）；感动vt.（钟）敲响；划（火柴）n. 罢工 归纳拓展 （1）strike sb.+in/on+the+身体部位打某人某处 be struck by/on/with...被……打动，迷恋…… （2）be on strike在罢工 go on strike举行罢工 知识要点 例句：Many people didn’t have any preparation in their minds when the earthquake struck the city. 当地震袭击城市时，很多人根本没有思想准备。 The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.游客们被乡村的美丽打动了。 The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village. 当我到达村庄时，教堂的钟敲了11下。 A snowball struck him on the head. 一个雪球打在他的头上。 A good idea struck the manager. 经理忽然想到了一个好主意。 Within half an hour,all the drivers were out on strike.半个小时内，所有的司机都出去罢工了。 知识要点 【链接训练】 I washed it in hot water.It never ________ to me to check the label. A.struck B.happened C.occurred D.realized 【解析】句意为：我用热水把它洗了，根本没想到去看一下标签。It never occurred to me that...“我没有想到……”，符合题意。 【答案】C 知识要点 5. ruin vt. 毁坏，使破产n. 毁坏，毁灭;破产，垮台；（pl.）废墟;遗迹 归纳拓展 （1）ruin oneself毁掉自己 （2）in ruins成为废墟 be the ruin of成为……毁灭/堕落的原因 bring...to ruin使……毁灭；使……没落 go to/fall to/come to ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉 知识要点 例句：He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth. 他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。 Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career. 酒精和毒品几乎毁掉了他的事业。 Whole blocks of the city were in ruins after war. 战后这座城市所有的街区成为一片废墟。 知识要点 【链接训练】 The houses across the street are ________, but they were in good condition a few years ago. A.in rows B.in ruins C.in number D.in detail 【解析】in rows意为“成行，成排”；in ruins意为“毁坏，破败不堪”；in number意为“总共”；in detail意为“详细地”。只有B项符合句意。 【答案】B 知识要点 【链接训练】 用damage,destroy与ruin填空 ①I damaged my shoes in football practice today. ②The building was completely destroyed by fire. ③She poured some ink all over my new drawing andruined it. 知识要点 要点二

　　短语 1. pick up 拾起，拿起；（无意中）学会、获得信息；收听，收到；收拾，整理；（车辆等）中途搭人，中途载货；取物；加速 归纳拓展 pick at一点儿一点儿地吃 pick on选择；针对；挑中（某人）（作挨骂或受罚对象） pick out选出；认出 pick off摘去，去除 知识要点 例句：Let’s pick up the room before the meeting starts at two o’clock. 让我们在两点钟开会前把这房间整理好。 The women picked up the babies in the nursery on their way home from the factory. 妇女们在从工厂回家的路上到托儿所接回她们的孩子。 You are great to have picked up French when you were in France. 你居然在法国时自己学会了法语，真了不起。 I pick up BBC English every day. 我每天收听“英国BBC”广播。 The conductor urged the band to pick it up. 乐队指挥要求乐队加快演奏的速度。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①I _______ a flu when I was on a spring outing with my classmates. A.caught up B.picked up C.took up D.brought up 【解析】考查动词短语。catch up意为“追赶，赶上”；pick up意为“捡起，获得，学会，染上”；take up意为“拿起，从事，占据”；bring up意为“培养，提出”。根据句意“和我的同班同学春游的时候，我染上了流感”可知选B。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②She _________ Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely. A.picked out B.made out C.made up D.picked up 【解析】pick up此处意为“（无意中）学会”。句意为：她在日本时偶然学会了日语。现在她说得很流利。 【答案】D 知识要点 2. end up in以……结束，以……告终 归纳拓展 （1）end (up) in failure/victory/a draw以失败/胜利/平局结束（强调在某种结果中结束，用in） end (up) with good wishes以美好的祝愿结尾（end up with多指以某种方式结束） end up结果为……，以……结束（尤指意料之外） （2）on end竖立，笔直地，连续地 come to an end到头了，结束了 put/bring...to an end使……终止 from beginning to end从头到尾，自始至终 知识要点 例句：He’ll end up in prison if he’s not careful. 如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。 The film ended up with the heroine dying. 在电影结束时，女主角去世了。 The meeting came to an end.会议结束了。 知识要点 【链接训练】 On Christmas eve, the English evening ________ singing the song “The Unforgettable Tonight”. A.came up B.drew up C.ran up D.ended up 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。come up“走近，被提出，被提及”；draw up“起草；拟定；停止”；run up“积欠账款、债务，累计”；end up“以……结束”。句意为：在平安夜，英语晚会以一首《难忘的夜晚》歌曲结束。根据题意可知答案为D项。 【答案】D 知识要点 3. in all总共，总计 归纳拓展 above all首先，最重要的是 after all毕竟，终究 at all在肯定句、疑问句中意为“竟然，终于”；在否定句中意为“一点儿也不，根本不”；在if引导的条件句中，意为“既然”。 first of all首先，最先 例句：You have four apples and I have three bananas,making seven pieces of fruit in all. 你有4个苹果，我有3个香蕉，总共有7个水果。 He doesn’t go to see his father often，after all,he is very busy with his work. 他不常去看他的父亲，毕竟他是忙于工作。 Well,first of all we can’t possibly spare the time. 你看，最主要的是我们实在抽不出时间。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①There were more than two hundred people ________ at his wedding ceremony. A.after all B.in all C.at all D.above all 【解析】in all“总共”；after all“毕竟”；at all“竟然，终于；根本不”；above all“最重要的是”。句意为：总共有200多人出席他的结婚典礼。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②Although he had to spend lots of money for going to the ball,he accepted the invitation. _______ the ball was important to him. A.After all B.In all C.First of all D.Above all 【解析】句意为：尽管去参加这个舞会要花很多钱，他还是接受了邀请。毕竟，这个舞会对他来说很重要。after all“毕竟，终究”，符合题意。in all“总共，总计”；first of all“首先”；above all“最重要的是”。 【答案】A