2017届高考英语二轮复习考点讲义：阅读理解-日常活动与学校生活

　　阅读理解-日常活动与学校生活.

　　链接1（2017全国卷1）

　　Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.

　　One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试)increase the length of time we will remember it.

　　In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.

　　The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.

　　The law of overleaming explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning. on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.

　　67. Who is the main idea of paragraph I?

　　A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.

　　B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.

　　C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.

　　D. Stories for children arc easy to remember.

　　68.The author explains the law of overleaming by_________.

　　A. presenting research findings

　　B. selling down general rules

　　C. making a comparison

　　D. using examples

　　69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______.

　　A. a result of overlearning

　　B. a special case of cramming

　　C. a skill to deal with math problems

　　D. a basic step towards advanced studies

　　70. What does the word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?

　　A. Commonly accepted rules.

　　B. The multiplication tables.

　　C. Things easily forgotten.

　　D. School subjects.

　　71. What is the author's opinion on cramming?

　　A. It leads to failure in college exams.

　　B. It's helpful only in a limited way.

　　C. It's possible to result in poor memory.

　　D. It increases students' learning interest.

　　链接2（2017江苏卷）

　　Franz Kafka wrote that "a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. " I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.

　　We’d just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. "Are you crying?" one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. "I am," I told her, "and the funny thing is I've read it many times. "

　　But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I've taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn't always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, "it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness. " I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies (独白)read as raps (说唱) , but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that "all these people hate each other, and they're all white. " His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.

　　Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do no. amaze but confuse. We mav succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.

　　66. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to_______

　　A. realize our dreams

　　B. give support to our life

　　'

　　C. smooth away difficulties

　　D. awake our emolions

　　67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?

　　A. Because they spent much time reading it.

　　B. Because they had read the novel before

　　C. Because they came from a public school. ,

　　D. Because they had similar life experiences.

　　68. The girl left the selective high school possibly because_______.

　　A. she was a literary-minded girl B. her parents were immigrants

　　C. she couldn't fit in with her class D. her father was then in prison

　　69. To the author's surprise, the students read the novels ________.

　　A. creatively B. passively C. repeatedly D. carelessly

　　70. The author writes the passage mainly to________.

　　A. introduce classic works of literature

　　B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart

　　C. argue for equality among high school students

　　D. defend the current testing system

　　【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates”可知C项正确。

　　【难度】一般

　　69.【答案】A

　　【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第四句“I have never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious.”可推断作者对孩子阅读小说的创造力感到惊讶，字里行间流露出自豪，故A项正确。

　　【难度】一般

　　70.【答案】B

　　【试题解析】主旨大意题。难度较大。纵观全文，主要介绍了作者讲述在自己教学生涯中，教学生文学阅读的感受，可以美化他们的心灵，故B项正确。

　　【难度】较难

　　【长难句解析】

　　1. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I.

　　When 引导的时间状语从句，后面是so 引导的句型，表示“…和前面的主语也一样。”

　　2. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen.

　　本句是when 引导的时间状语， 主句中是that 引导的表语从句， realize 引导的宾语从句。

　　3. For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight.

　　本句reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. 为to himself and his own dream–world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.

　　1. According to this passage, intelligence is the ability _________.

　　A. to behave immediately

　　B. to do well in school

　　C. to deal with life

　　D. to know what to do

　　2. In a new situation, an intelligent person_________.

　　A. knows more about what might happen to him

　　B. is sure of the result he will get

　　C. concentrates on the situation

　　D. cares more about himself

　　3. According to the passage the biggest difference between “bright” children and “not bright” children lies in _______ .

　　A. the amount of intelligence

　　B. the different situations they face

　　C. the different attitudes to life

　　D. the background of life

　　4. What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A. What’s real meaning of intelligence?

　　B. What’s the “bright” children’s behavior?

　　C. What’s a special outlook on life?

　　D. How to live and behave in a new situation?

　　5. In the next part of the passage, the author might continue to talk about ________.

　　A. how to determine what intelligence is

　　B. how education should be changed

　　C. how to judge whether a person is intelligent

　　D. how an unintelligent person should be taught

　　B

　　When children see parents make a grocery list, they want to use a pencil and paper to make their own list. To encourage these beginning writing activities, have pencils, markers,

　　crayons(粉笔画)

　　and scrap paper within your children' s reach.

　　⑤The more children get connected with talking, listening,

　　reading and writing, the easier it is for them to become active readers. While you as a parent have a big influence on these early behaviors, it is important to remember that opportunities for literacy experiences happen when you

　　and your child share in the basic routines of everyday life.

　　1. To help children enlarge their vocabulary, parents should________.

　　A. read newspapers or magazines every day

　　B. talk with them as much as possible

　　C. help them look up useful information

　　D. take them out as often as possible

　　2. The third paragraph tells us that parents can talk with their children_______.

　　A. during daily routines

　　B. only in quiet places

　　C. in their spare time

　　D. when they are eager to talk

　　3. During the process of learning to read, children may

　　A. copy the actions of the adults

　　B. prefer to talk with those of their own age

　　C. keep their interest in reading all the time

　　D. waste a lot of paper and other materials

　　4.When do children want to learn to write?

　　A. When their parents ask them to do so.

　　B. When they believe they can write well.

　　C. When they remember what their parents taught them.

　　D. When they can connect letters with familiar words.

　　5. The passage is written to

　　A. talk about parents' influence on their children' s behavior

　　B. encourage parents to set a good example to their children

　　C. advise parents to make reading a part of their

　　children' s daily life

　　D. make parents believe in the importance of early reading

　　C

　　So you think your teacher hates you? You're not the only one.

　　Teachers and students sometimes have personality clashes, just like any two people who don't get along. After all, teachers aren't perfect.

　　However, most of the time, there are lots of reasons why you and your teacher might not be getting along. So try to figure out if your teacher really dislikes you, or if something else is going on. Here are some questions to ask yourself:

　　* Is your teacher's anger aimed at you personally, or at something specific you've been doing ?

　　All teachers have something that they strongly dislike. Maybe your teacher hates it when people whisper in class.

　　If you try hard not to do these things,

　　the situation might get better.

　　* Are you the only person being treated badly, or is your teacher being rough on the whole class?

　　l. The writer thinks that it ________that a teacher and a student don't get along.

　　A. causes no harm

　　B. is unusual

　　C. often happens

　　D. is dangerous

　　2. The purpose of the four questions in the passage is to________.

　　A. help students find out the reasons why don't get along wit

　　h their teachersB. help teachers find out the reasons why don't get along with their students

　　C .help students understand why it’s good to get along with their teachers

　　D. help teachers understand why it’s good to get along with their students

　　3.If only one boy is criticized in a teacher's class, the boy should________.

　　A. ask his classmates for help

　　B. think more about himself

　　C. ask himself the four questions

　　D. get somebody on his side

　　4. What would happen if a girl student isn't doing the work she is capable of doing?

　　A. She might have trouble in her teacher's class.

　　B. She might wonder if her teacher gave her lower grades.

　　C. She might be graded by another standard.

　　D. She might mistake her teacher's inspiring words for criticism.

　　5. What's the writer's attitude towards being sensitive?

　　A. Positive.

　　B. Negative.

　　C. Neutral.

　　D. Critical.

　　4. A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了什么才是真正的聪明这一话题。故答案为A。B、C、D项过于片面。

　　5. D。推理判断题。文章已经探讨了聪明的含义以及什么样的人是聪明的，故排除A项、C项；文章的中心思想并未涉及教育问题，故排除B项；故D项（如何教导不聪明的人）很可能是作者接下来要讨论的话题。

　　B篇：1. B。理解推断题。根据第二段的As children have conversations with caring adults, they hear both new and familiar words and their vocabulary grows. 可知家长多和孩子谈话可以帮助他们扩大词汇量。

　　2. A。理解推断题。根据第三段中所举的例子可以判断作者认为和孩子交谈的机会就在平时的日常生活中。

　　3. A。理解推断题。 根据第一段和第五段的When children see parents make a grocery list, they want to use a pencil and paper to make their own list. 可知孩子在读和写的过程中总是模仿大人们的行为。

　　4. D。细节理解题。根据第四段的 He begins to connect them to familiar words, especially the letters that make up his name. A natural next step for him to take is to write the letters. 可知当孩子看到字母，并且把它们和熟悉的词汇联系起来的时候，他们就会想动手去写字了。

　　5. C。作者意图题。根据文章末句可知文章的目的是告诉家长要培养孩子成为好的读者，应该把读书的行为贯穿在日常生活中，使之成为孩子们每天例行要做的事情。

　　C篇：1.C。

　　第一段说如果你觉得老师不喜欢你，你可不是唯一的一个，师生之间有时候会有个性冲突，就像任何两个人关系处不好一样；毕竟，老师也有缺点。由此判断，作者认为师生之间处不好关系是一件很自然也是经常会有的事情。

　　2．A。

　　本题首先要从全文判断出作者是为学生所写。第二段作者说绝大多数时候，师生之间处不好关系的原因会有所不同，多种多样，因此你需要弄清到底是老师真地不喜欢你呢还是其它原因。接下来说这儿有几个问题，问问你自己吧，由行文逻辑可知作者提供这些问①Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. 有保证的薪水，史密斯认为，是努力工作的敌人，在那个时刻，学院很懒，没有竞争力，学生们也很懒。

　　②Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education. 因此，是个人而不是政府，应该向大学教育买单。

　　③Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict.双方都想和平，但是哪一方都感觉没有能力来制止这场冲突。

　　④Unfortunately, as long as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress .不幸的是，只要父母和孩子认为自己知道得比对方多得话，他们就永远为战斗下去，不会取得任何进展。

　　⑤The more children get connected with talking, listening,

　　reading and writing, the easier it is for them to become active readers. 孩子接触谈话，阅读，读书和写作越多，对于他们来说成为主动的读书人就越容易。

　　⑥There's nothing wrong with being sensitive,

　　but if you react to criticism differently than most kids,

　　this could be a factor in which you think your teacher doesn’t like you. 敏感没什么，但是如果你对批评表现得比别人格外不同的话，这可能就是老师不喜欢你的一个因素了。

　　·单词百宝箱

　　individual n.

　　The purpose of the law is to protect the right of the individual.该法律目的是为了保护个人权利。uarantee v. 保证

　　We can't guarantee our workers' regular employment.我们不能保证我们的工人经常受雇。dolescent n. 青少年，青春期

　　The adolescent crisis is most important.青春期易出现的问题是非常重要的。endency n. 趋势，趋向

　　There is a tendency to use plastics in place of metals at present.目前出现了用塑料代替金属的倾向。He has a broad outlook on life.他的人生观十分豁达。omplex adj. 复杂的

　　He had not a particularly complex mind.他的头脑并不十分复杂。