2017年高考英语一轮复习课件5：Unit 5《Nelson Mandela—a modern hero》（新人教版必修1）

　　话题：伟人

　　常用词汇：

　　great 伟大的　famous著名的　success成功　leader领导　hard­working努力工作　society社会　effort努力

　　determination决心　devotion奉献　ambition野心，雄心　devote oneself to投身于　be born in出身于　attend school上学　finish school毕业　graduate from毕业　be optimistic about对……乐观　overcome barriers in life克服生活坎坷　play an important role in在……中扮演重要角色　take an active part in积极参与　lead/live an active and meaningful life过着积极有意义的生活　show great interest in对……有极大的兴趣　take sth. seriously认真对待　attach great importance/significance to非常重视　pay attention to注重　be a success in 在……的成功者　under the guidance of 在……的指导下

　　范例：

　　Premier Zhou Enlai

　　Zhou Enlai was born in Huai'an, Jiangsu, on March

　　5,1898.In 1917, he finished school in Nankai Middle School, and then went to France to learn Marxist theory.In 1922, he joined the Chinese Communist Party.After that, he was active in his work and directed the Party work in Shanghai.

　　He led the famous uprising—Nanchang Uprising on August 1st, 1927.Then he took part in the Long March.From 1937 to 1945, he worked in South China.After the People's Republic of China was founded, he was elected Premier of China.He put all his heart into the work and always worked until midnight.He had no time to think about himself, but only the Chinese people.

　　Premier Zhou died on January 8th, 1976.The whole nation was in deep sorrow at his death for he was loved by all the people.Our beloved Premier Zhou will always be alive in our Chinese people's hearts.He was a great Marxist and communist.

　　一、单词识记

　　根据词意写出单词的汉语意思或写英文单词。

　　1．质量；性质；品质 n．______________

　　2．大方的；慷慨的 adj.______________

　　3．无私的 adj.______________

　　4．献身；专心于 vt.______________

　　5．法则；原则；原理 n．______________

　　6．法律的；依照法律的 adj.______________

　　7．进攻；抨击 vt.______________

　　8．暴力；暴行 n．______________

　　9．相等的；平等的 adj.______________

　　10．逃脱；泄漏 vi.______________

　　quality

　　generous

　　selfless

　　devote

　　principle

　　legal

　　attack

　　violence

　　equal

　　escape

　　11．educated adj.______________

　　12．relative n．______________

　　13．terror n．______________

　　14．cruelty n．______________

　　15．reward n．vt.______________

　　16．sentence vt.______________

　　17．anti­black adj.______________

　　18．president n．______________

　　19．opinion n．______________

　　20．mean adj.______________

　　有教养的

　　亲戚

　　恐怖

　　残忍

　　报酬

　　判决

　　反黑人的

　　总统；校长

　　看法

　　自私的；卑鄙的

　　二、词汇拓展

　　用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

　　1．Most of the students are making good progress but John seems a ________ case.(hope)

　　2．He is too ________ to think of lending me his car.(self)

　　3．Nowadays, euthanasia(安乐死) is considered to be ______ in many countries.(legal)

　　4．A teacher's ________ to his task should be praised by society.(devote)

　　5．No country can afford to neglect the ________ of its young people.(educate)

　　hopeless

　　selfish

　　illegal

　　devotion

　　education

　　三、词组互译

　　将下列词组译成英语或中文。

　　1．在……方面积极______________

　　2．献身于，专心于______________

　　3．帮助某人做某事______________

　　4．脱离， 摆脱______________

　　5．实现做某事的梦想______________________

　　6．事实上______________

　　7．乐意做某事______________

　　8．担心______________

　　9．使充气；爆炸______________

　　10．求助于______________

　　be active in　

　　devote…to (doing) sth.

　　help sb.with sth.

　　be free from　

　　realize the dream of doing sth.

　　as a matter of fact　

　　be willing to do sth.

　　worry about

　　blow up

　　turn to

　　11．land on the moon______________

　　12．reach a stage ______________

　　13．answer violence with violence ______________

　　14．set up a law office______________

　　15．be well educated ______________

　　16．be sentenced to prison for life______________

　　17．put sb.in prison______________

　　18．lose heart______________

　　19．out of work______________

　　20．come to power______________

　　登陆月球

　　达到……的阶段

　　以暴制暴

　　建立法律事务所

　　受过良好教育

　　被判处终身监禁

　　把某人投入监狱

　　丧失勇气

　　失业

　　当权；上台

　　四、单元重点句子填空

　　根据句子结构或语法要求填空。

　　1．He was the first man ________ (land) on the moon in July 1969.

　　2．He offered ________ (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.

　　3．After ________ (try) hard, I got a job in a gold mine.

　　4．We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find ________ (make) candles to see the words.

　　5．He wrote the Bible in English ________ all could read it.

　　to land

　　guidance

　　trying

　　to make

　　so

　　6．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to ________ I went for advice.

　　7．Only then ________ we decide to answer violence with violence.

　　8．It was a prison ________ which no one escaped.

　　9．They were not cleverer than me, but they ________ pass their exams.

　　10．Gandhi fought for his country to be free from the UK ________ a peaceful way.

　　whom

　　did

　　from

　　did

　　in

　　五、课文内容理解

　　根据课文内容，请用适当的词或短语的正确形式填空。

　　Nelson Mandela, 1.________ on July 18, 1918, is the first black president of South Africa.He studied 2.________ after he entered university.Then in 1952 he set up a law office to help poor black people.Because of his fight against the government and 3.________ laws, he was 4.________ five years of hard labor.After that he formed ANC Youth League.Fighters from ANC began to 5.________ buildings in 1963 and he was sentenced to 6.________ imprisonment on Robben Island.Twenty­seven years later, he was 7.________ by the white government.In 1993, he was made 8.________of South Africa and the government by and for the black people was finally 9.________.

　　Nelson Mandela was really a 10.________ man!

　　born　

　　law

　　anti­black

　　sentenced to

　　blow up

　　life

　　set free

　　president

　　set up

　　great

　　六、单元语法复习

　　用定语从句翻译下面句子或用介词＋关系代词填空。

　　1．我永远不会忘记我在那间山区学校教书的日子。

　　2．我想到一个阳光充足的国家去度假。

　　3．他缺席今天会议的原因是他有件紧急的事情要处理。【答案】

　　1．I'll never forget the days when I taught in the mountainous school.

　　2．I would like to go to a country where there is plenty of sunshine.

　　3．The reason why he was absent at the meeting is that he had to deal with something urgent.

　　4．The hotel ___________ we stayed wasn't very clean.

　　5．October 1, 1949 is the day _____________ the PRC was founded.

　　6．I didn't get a rise, but this wasn't the reason ___________ I left the company.

　　7．The school ______________ I was sent was very large.

　　8．The person ______________ the famous economist (经济学家) was shaking hands was our president.

　　9．The scientist _______________ I worked never lost heart when he was in trouble.

　　10．He has written a book the name ______________ I've forgotten.

　　in which

　　on which

　　for which

　　to which

　　with whom　

　　for whom

　　of which

　　1．active

　　adj.积极的；活跃的

　　be active in sth. 在……方面活跃；积极参加……

　　take an active part in…积极参加……

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)虽然年逾70, 他仍然很活跃。

　　Over seventy as he is, he _________________________.

　　2)他积极参加政治活动。

　　He ____________________ politics.

　　【答案】1)is still active　2)is active in/takes an active part in

　　2．opinion

　　n．意见；看法；主张

　　What's your opinion of the new manager?

　　你对新经理有何看法？

　　拓展：

　　have a good/high/low opinion of sb./sth.对……有好感/高的/低的评价

　　in one's opinion/in the opinion of sb.按照某人的看法/在某人看来

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)老板很器重她。

　　The boss ______________________ her.

　　2)照大多数人的看法，这是很可靠的投资。

　　___________________ most people, this is a very sound investment.

　　【答案】1)has a high opinion of　2)In the opinion of

　　3．escape

　　v．逃脱；(气体、液体等)漏出；避免；被遗忘

　　n．逃走

　　escape from 逃走

　　escape the fact/doing sth.逃避事实/避免做某事

　　escape one's notice 没注意到

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)有一头狮子从笼中逃走。

　　A lion ________________ its cage.

　　2)如果你违法了，你逃脱不了惩罚。

　　If you break the law, you'll never ____________.

　　3)我似乎在什么地方见过他， 但我想不起他的名字了。

　　It seemed as if I had met him somewhere but his name __________________.

　　【答案】1)escaped from　2)escape punishment/being punished

　　3)escaped

　　me

　　4．equal

　　adj.平等的；同样的；能胜任的

　　v．相等；相同

　　equal sth.等于……

　　be equal to sth.与……相同的/相等的

　　be equal to sth./doing sth.能胜任做某事

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)人生来就是平等的。所以，妇女要求同工同酬是合理的。

　　All men __________________， so it's reasonable for women to demand ___________________________.

　　2)她认为能胜任这项工作。

　　She feels ________________ the task.

　　3)没人比他更善良。

　　No one ________________ kindness.

　　【答案】1)are born equal, equal pay for equal work　2)equal to　3)equals him

　　in

　　5．devote

　　vt.献身；专心于

　　devote oneself to sth./doing sth.献身于做某事

　　devote one's attention/energy/time/one's life to sth.专心于做某事/致力于做某事

　　be devoted to sb.忠实于/深爱某人

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)他为帮助盲人而贡献出一生。

　　He has ____________________ the blind.

　　2)我们要全力以赴学习。

　　We should ______________________ our study.

　　3)虽然妻子已去世，但他仍深爱着她。

　　He _______________ though she had been dead.

　　【答案】1)devoted all his life to helping　2)devote our efforts/ourselves to　3)was still devoted to his wife

　　1．in trouble 处于困境中

　　When your friend is in trouble, you should give him a hand.

　　当朋友遇到麻烦时，你应助他一臂之力。

　　拓展：

　　ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦

　　get into trouble 陷入困境

　　make trouble 制造麻烦

　　have trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难

　　2．out of work/a job 失业

　　lose one's work/job 失业

　　运用：完成句子

　　他是前年失业的，也就是说，他失业快两年了。

　　He ________________ the year before last, that's to say, he has been ________________ for nearly two years.

　　【答案】lost his work, out of work

　　拓展：

　　out of breath 气喘吁吁

　　out of control 失去控制

　　out of order 乱七八糟

　　out of balance 失去平衡

　　3．lose heart 气馁；灰心＝be discouraged

　　lose one's heart to sb.爱上某人＝fall in love with sb.

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)Joan一见到那只白猫，就喜欢得不得了。

　　Joan ____________________ the white cat at first sight.

　　2)尽管他的实验多次失败，但他仍不灰心。

　　He _______________ though he had failed several times in the experiment.

　　【答案】1)lost his heart to　2)never lost heart

　　拓展：

　　break one's heart 使人伤心

　　learn sth.by heart 记住

　　heart and soul 全心全意

　　4．set up 建立；设立

　　运用：完成句子

　　1)抚恤死难者家属的基金会即将建立。

　　A fund __________________ for the dead men's families.

　　2)他们为在森林大火中牺牲的消防战士设立纪念碑。

　　They __________________ for the firefighters who died in the forest fire.

　　will be set up　

　　set up a memorial

　　拓展：

　　set down 写下；记下

　　set out to do sth.着手做某事

　　set about doing sth.着手做某事

　　set off/out (for) 出发(去……)；动身(去……)

　　set aside 把……放在一边

　　运用：用适当的副词或介词填空

　　3)The new government was set ________ after the war.

　　4)To catch the train we'd better set ________ for the station immediately.

　　5)We should set ________ the important content the teacher says in class.

　　6)I don't know how to set ________ the work.

　　7)He set ________ his book and lit a cigarette.

　　8)They succeeded in what they set ________ to do.

　　up

　　out

　　down

　　about

　　aside

　　out

　　5．turn to 求助于；翻到……页

　　The child turned to his mother for comfort.

　　那孩子找妈妈以求安慰。

　　拓展：

　　turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝

　　turn out 结果是；证明是；关掉

　　turn in 上交

　　turn off 关闭

　　turn on 开

　　turn into (使)变成

　　turn away (from) 不让……进入……

　　turn up 出现；调大(音量等)

　　比较：用适当的介词或副词填空

　　1)Hundreds of people were turned ________ from the concert.

　　2)The light in the hall were turned ________ before the concert performance.

　　3)It looked like rain this morning, but it turned ______ to be a fine day.

　　4)Her bitter experience has turned her ________ a strong­minded person.

　　5)The magnetic field(磁场) is gone when the electricity is turned ________.

　　6)Don't worry about the boy.He'll soon turn ______.

　　away

　　down

　　out

　　into

　　off

　　up

　　1．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

　　the first time 在此引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。

　　模仿：翻译下面句子

　　我第一次见到她时就对她印象很深。比较：

　　for the first time 第一次 介词短语，作状语。

　　It/That/This is the first time that…那是第一次做……

　　I had a deep impression on her the first time I saw her.

　　运用：完成句子

　　2)你们第一次见面是在什么时候？

　　When did you meet each other ___________________?

　　3)那是我首次参加比赛。

　　__________________ I had taken part in the game.

　　for the first time　

　　It was the first time that

　　2．Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.

　　句型：only＋介词/副词/状语从句＋部分倒装

　　模仿：翻译下面句子

　　1)只是在那时我才明白学习英语的重要性。

　　2)只有努力我们才能成功。

　　3)只有下雨时我才坐公交车上学。

　　【答案】1)Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.

　　2)Only by working hard can we succeed.

　　3)Only when it rains do I take a bus to school.

　　3．We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight.

　　介词in＋which 引导定语从句，修饰position。

　　模仿：翻译下面句子

　　1)你能回忆起自己感到尴尬的某个情景吗？

　　____________________________________________

　　Can you think of a situation in which you felt embarrassed? 　运用：用适当的介词填空

　　2)The man ________ whom I learned the news came.

　　3)The day ________ which he was born is October 10th.

　　4)Water is very important for us ________ which we can not live.

　　5)The girl ________ whom my father is talking at the school gate is my elder sister.

　　6)In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ whom she could turn for help.

　　from

　　on

　　without

　　with

　　to

　　Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.

　　结构分析：本句是个并列复合句，前后并列句由and连接。and前面部分包含一个because引导的原因状语从句，and 后面部分包含一个whether 引导的宾语从句，作介词about 的宾语。

　　一、语法填空。

　　I needed his help because I had very little education.I 1.________ (begin) school at six.The school 2.________ I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.I had to leave because my family could not continue 3.________ (pay) the school fees and the bus fare.I could not read

　　4.________write well.After 5.________ (try) hard, I got a job in 6.________ gold mine.However, this was a time 7.________ one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.8.________ (sad) I did not have 9.________because I was not born there, and I worried 10.________whether I would become out of work.

　　began

　　where

　　to pay

　　or

　　trying

　　a

　　when

　　Sadly

　　it/one

　　about

　　二、基础写作：尽可能用本单元学过的词或短语翻译下列句子，然后将这些句子连成一篇由5个句子组成的意义连贯的短文。

　　1．Mr. Hope 是一个受过良好教育具有优秀素质的青年。

　　2．他认为人生来是平等的。

　　3．他愿意为建立一个共和国而贡献自己的一生。

　　4．他积极参加政治活动。

　　5．他成立了一个组织来帮助陷入困境的人。

　　6．无论谁向他求助，他都非常慷慨地提供帮助。

　　7．事实上，他曾经因为鼓动对政府进行暴力活动而被判了5年劳役， 但他没有丧失信心，继续抗争。

　　8．在他看来，只有民主政府执政才能让人民过上和平的生活。

　　【答案】

　　Mr.Hope, a well­educated youth of fine quality, believes that all men are born equal and is willing to devote all his life to founding a republic.He is active in politics and sets up an organization to help those in trouble.Whenever anyone turns to him for help, he is generous.As a matter of fact, he was once sentenced to five years' hard labor for encouraging violence against the government, but he doesn't lose heart and goes on struggling.In his opinion, only after a government for the people comes to power can people lead a peaceful life.

　　写作

　　句子成分分析(四)

　　宾语(object)

　　宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。可充当宾语的有：

　　1．名词或代词

　　They see each other every year.

　　We met with a lot of difficulties in the construction of the TV tower.

　　2．不定式或动名词

　　He wanted to borrow my CD player.

　　I admit breaking the window.

　　3．从句

　　Do you understand what I mean?

　　英语中有些动词需要带两个同等的宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语一般指动作的承受者，间接宾语指动作所向的或所为的人或物。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前，如间接宾语置于直接宾语后，则其前需用介词to 或for。

　　I gave him my address at the party yesterday.(I gave my address to him at the party yesterday.)

　　I have found him a place.(I have found a place for him.)

　　练习：

　　根据中文完成下面句子。

　　1．夏天我喜欢早起。

　　I enjoy ________________________ early in summer.

　　2．我们应该学会如何照顾自己。

　　We should learn ________________ ourselves.

　　3．我必须承认是你的一番话让我明白了如何做人。

　　I must admit ____________________________.

　　4．我们应该记住这些。

　　We should keep ________ in mind.

　　5．你能给我提供关于这件事的任何信息吗？

　　Can you give ______________________ on this matter?

　　6．我写信叫他马上来。

　　I wrote _____________________________________.

　　【答案】

　　1．getting up

　　2．how to take good care of

　　3．that your words make me know how to be a man

　　4．these

　　5．me any information/any information to me

　　6．him that he should come at once

　　如何做好记叙文完形填空

　　记叙文主要包括幽默故事、名人传记、事件叙述等，以叙述为主，通过人物间的对话反映人们对事件的看法，较少加入作者的评论。考生要注意如下步骤：

　　1．读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。首句暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确地利用首句信息对于把握答案的方向是极其重要和有效的。

　　2．读懂作者的态度。分析全文，弄清作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情，正确把握反映作者情感的关键词。

　　3．通读全文，掌握大意，理清各个角色。记叙文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的事。

　　4．理顺事件的发生、经过和结局。记叙文多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述的，理清文章的发展顺序才能把握文章的主脉。因此，先要理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情，这样做题时可以再一次从时间上把握故事的进程。

　　5．考生要弄懂它的六个要素，包括人物、时间、地点、事件、原因和结果，这样也就把握了文章大意。考生还要弄清作者写作的目的，一般说来，作者总是为了某一目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排，考生明确了作者的写作目的，也就把握了文章的主题。

　　技巧演练：阅读下面记叙文，选择最佳答案。

　　As she waited at the edge of the ice for her music to start, Peggy took a quick look at her father standing nearby with a group of parents and teachers.He smiled at her.Then she __1__ out at the audience, hoping to see her mother.These two, Alvert and Doris Flemint, had __2__ all the way from California more than 2,000 miles away, to see their __3__ compete in this sport meet in Cleveland, Ohio.

　　The music __4__ and Peggy moved onto the ice, letting the music __5__ her along into her turns, and she began skating with much __6__ in herself.The cold fear she always had in the __7__ seconds before skating onto the ice was __8__.She was feeling the movement of the __9__ and letting it carry her.She skated easily, then did some jumps, a final turn and her performance was __10__.

　　The crowd loved it and cheered as she skated off the ice.“Nice job，” said one of the other __11__.It was the remark that always came after a free­skating performance.But what should the judges say? Standing beside her father, Peggy __12__ for the scoring to be finished.On all sides were other young skaters, some waiting __13__ alone, others with a parent.Shortly before 10 o'clock the results were __14__.The new United States Women's Figure Skating Champion was Peggy Fleming of Passdena, __15__.

　　()1.A.looked　B．watchedC．found

　　D．stepped

　　()2.A.bicycled

　　B．drivenC．run

　　D．walked

　　()3.A.friend

　　B．childrenC．son

　　D．daughter

　　()4.A.started

　　B．playedC．developed

　　D．sang

　　()5.A.allow

　　B．set outC．carry

　　D．support

　　()6.A.thought

　　B．beliefC．success

　　D．design

　　()7.A.following

　　B．lastC．recent

　　D．past

　　()8.A.lost

　　B．presentC．strong

　　D．gone

　　()9.A.music

　　B．fearC．ice

　　D．audiences

　　()10.A.satisfied

　　B．unsatisfactoryC．finished

　　D．welcome

　　()11.A.skaters

　　B．parentsC．judges

　　D．teachers

　　()12.A.waited

　　B．lookedC．wished

　　D．asked

　　()13.A.comfortably

　　B．hurriedlyC．happily

　　D．anxiously

　　()14.A.cried out

　　B．let outC．announced

　　D．declared

　　()15.A.England

　　B．ClevelandC．Ohio

　　D．California

　　【答案】

　　1．A　从后面的状语…to see her mother中可以得到启发。

　　2．B　根据常识可以排除另三个选项。

　　3．D　Peggy是女孩，故为女儿。

　　4．A　音乐响起。首句已呈现过该说法，另play在此系是物动词，形式不对。

　　5．C　下文中有and letting it carry her 这样类似用法。

　　6．B　从其后面的状态来看，Peggy心中充满了自信。

　　7．B　表示进入溜冰场之前的最后几秒钟。该空可以根据常识和行文逻辑选定。

　　8．D　表示自然消失而不是人为丢失，应该用gone，而不用lost。

　　9．A　见第二段第一句。

　　10．C　根据上文内容确定。

　　11．A　the other后总是接同类名词，故此处选skaters。

　　12．A　第13空前再现了这一说法。

　　13．D　等分数时的心情应是焦急的，故用anxiously。

　　14．C　结果的宣布一般用announce，而战争、罪行等重大事件的宣布则多用declare。

　　15．D　上文中提到了父母亲从加利福尼亚开车过来，所以Peggy可能来自California。