高考英语同步练习《Unit 3 Science versus nature》译林版必修5

　　必修五

　　Unit 3

　　Science versus nature

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1. by a famous musician，the music sounded wonderful.

　　A.Performed　B.Carried out

　　C.Given

　　D.Playing

　　解析：由句意及句子结构可知，此处应用过去分词表“被动”，排除D项；演奏音乐应用perform。

　　答案：A

　　2.—I'd like to read this novel，Dad.

　　—Sorry，my darling，but it is　for adults only.

　　A.admitted

　　B.intended

　　C.promised

　　D.permitted

　　解析：语境为：“这本小说只能成年人看”。 be intended for“为……准备的，为……设计的”。

　　答案：B

　　3.Insurance should be paid disability.

　　A.instead of

　　B.in favour of

　　C.in spite of

　　D.in case of

　　解析：句意：以防残疾应买保险。in case of“以防，以免，万一”。instead of“代替，而不是”；in favour of“赞同，支持”；in spite of“尽管，不管”。

　　答案：D

　　4.(2010·吉林东北师大附中模拟)We must consider these matters ，not separately.

　　A.as follows

　　B.as a consequence

　　C.as a whole

　　D.as a matter of fact

　　解析：句意：我们必须从整体上考虑这些事情，不要分离地去看。as a whole“作为整体”。as follows“如下”；as a consequence“结果”；as a matter of fact“事实上”。

　　答案：C

　　5.I would like to my talk with a few remarks about the security of this conference.

　　A.conclude

　　B.accomplish

　　C.stop

　　D.comment

　　解析：句意：我想对这次会议的安全性作几句评论结束我的谈话。conclude“总结，结束”。accomplish“完成”；stop“停止”；comment“评论”。

　　答案：A

　　6. the Internet is bridging the distance between people，it may also be breaking some home or will cause other family problems.

　　A.When

　　B.While

　　C.If

　　D.As

　　解析：句意：虽然因特网能缩短人与人之间的距离，但它也可能使某个家庭破裂或导致其他的家庭问题。while“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句时通常用倒装语序。

　　答案：B

　　7. the boy，the teacher said angrily，“Don't talk，Jack.”

　　A.Pointing at

　　B.Pointing to

　　C.Pointing up

　　D.Pointing out

　　解析：句意：指着那个男孩，老师生气地说，“杰克，不要讲话。”point at“指着”。point to“指向”；point up“强调”；point out“指出”。

　　答案：A

　　8.(2010·山东青岛模拟)—Have you been to the Great Wall？

　　—Perhaps not in my memory.，it might have been during my early childhood.

　　A.If any

　　B.If ever

　　C.If once

　　D.If not

　　解析：由上下文可知，空格处意为“如果曾经去过”，故用if ever。

　　答案：B

　　9.In fact，the situation was so desperate that，，no one could help another.

　　A.in this way B.in common

　　C.in other words

　　D.in most cases

　　解析：句意：事实上，形势是如此的严峻，以至于多数情况下，没人会帮助其他人。in most cases“多数情况下”；in this way“用这种方法”；in common“公有，共有”；in other words“换句话说”。

　　答案：D

　　10.(2010·通州高三调研)The United States is trying to the serious problems resulting from the energy crisis.

　　A.step up

　　B.cut off

　　C.end up

　　D.cope with

　　解析：句意：美国正努力解决因能源危机造成的严重问题。cope with“对付，处理”。step up“提升，登上”；cut off“切断”；end up“结束”。

　　答案：D

　　11.What the girl said to be wrong，which made everyone present at the meeting angry.

　　A.turned out

　　B.kept out

　　C.made out

　　D.left out

　　解析：短语turn out的意思为“结果是；证明是”，后面跟to be＋adj.或直接跟形容词。

　　答案：A

　　12.The best method to this goal is to unite as many people as possible.

　　A.undertake

　　B.conduct

　　C.perform

　　D.accomplish

　　解析：句意：达到目标最好的方法是尽可能团结更多的人。accomplish“完成，达到”。undertake“从事”；conduct“执行，实施”；perform“表演，履行，执行”。

　　答案：D

　　13.I began reading with the of finishing the book，but I never did.

　　A.interview

　　B.intention

　　C.intensity

　　D.interest

　　解析：句意：开始读这本书时，我想读完，但我没读完。with the intention of...“带着……目的”。interview“采访，面试”；intensity“强度，强烈”；interest“兴趣，爱好”。

　　答案：B

　　14.Although Susan lacked business ，her small restaurant was .

　　A.experience；success

　　B.experience；a success

　　C.experiences；a success

　　D.experiences；success

　　解析：句意：尽管苏珊缺乏经商的经验，她的餐馆却非常成功。experience“经验”，不可数名词；success表示成功的人或事时为可数名词。

　　答案：B

　　15.(2010·四川绵阳模拟)What an unforgettable experience！I'll write it down it is still fresh in my memory.

　　A.since

　　B.while

　　C.after

　　D.until

　　解析：句意：多么难忘的一次经历啊！趁着记忆犹新我要把它写下来。while conj.“当……的时候”。

　　答案：B

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　There was a noble king who offered 1,000 gold coins to anyone who composed original Sanskrit verses (诗句，诗篇).Lots of great scholars and Brahmins (文人雅士) came to his Assembly to present their works but every time they found that their works were heard previously.The king had four pundits (专家)：one was Empathy who remembered after listening anything once；another was Dispatch who remembered anything after listening twice；the third one was Tripartite who remembered anything after listening thrice；the fourth one was Chaturpathi who remembered anything after listening four times.

　　So every time a pundit would come and recite a Sanskrit sloka，the Empathy would recite it again.Having heard it twice，the Dispatch would say that this is not original as he also heard this...and so on.Thus，the king would not have to give out 1,000 gold coins to any one.

　　Once a poor Brahmin after unsuccessfully presenting his work to the king went to Kalidasa and sought his guidance.Kalidasa wrote him an original verse and asked him to present it to the king.The next day，when the Brahmin went to the king's court and said his original sloka，none of the pundits recited it back.So the king had to award 1,000 gold coins and then asked the pundits why they did not recite it back.

　　The pundit told that the meaning of the sloka was：O King，please return the 1,000 gold coins that your father took from my father...If they had recited it back，then it would prove they had in fact been a witness to the king's father having taken 1,000 gold coins.And as they kept quiet，the king had to give 1,000 gold coins.

　　语篇解读：国王为了能够听到原创的诗篇，设下了大奖。可是却很少有人能拿到这个大奖，因为他手下有四位专家，他们特殊的本领能让每位学者认为自己的诗篇好像以前就有了，这使学者们很是不解……

　　1.Many scholars presented their works but failed to get the 1,000 gold coins because .

　　A.their works were not original

　　B.the king was not satisfied with their works

　　C.the four pundits could make scholars believe that their works were not original

　　D.the four pundits had composed the same works before the scholars

　　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“but every time they found that their works were heard previously”与第二段可知，学者们拿不到奖金是因为国王的四位专家有能力让每位学者认为自己的作品不是原创的。

　　答案：C

　　2.The underlined word probably means “”.

　　A.once

　　B.twice

　　C.three times

　　D.four times

　　解析：词义猜测题。根据本段中的once，twice与下文的four times不难猜出画线部分的意思是three times。

　　答案：C

　　3.What can we learn from the text？

　　A.The king gave the coins to the poor Brahmin because of his excellent performance.

　　B.The king as well as his four pundits was touched by the Brahmin's works.

　　C.The four pundits refused to recite back the Brahmin's works for no reason.

　　D.Whether the pundits recited the verse back or not，the king had to give the coins to the Brahmin.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知无论他们重不重复那个穷文人的诗篇，结果都是一样的：国王都要拿出1,000枚金币。

　　答案：D

　　4.We can infer from the text that .

　　A.the king did not know much about verses

　　B.the four pundits knew nothing about verses

　　C.everybody knew how to get the 1,000 gold coins

　　D.the king made himself a fool to offer so much money

　　解析：推理判断题。从倒数第二段的“So the king had to award 1,000 gold coins and then asked the pundits why they did not recite it back.”可知国王对诗篇的了解不多。

　　答案：A

　　B

　　Scientists found that sleeping considerably improves our creativity.After taking a nap people are able to think faster and

　　put more imagination into their thinking.Besides，if we dream，the thinking abilities are improved even more.

　　Researchers consider that sleeping on a problem in most cases leads to elucidation (解释).They say when a person enters a phase called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) during sleep，it increases the effect.Such phase takes place right before we awake and according to scientists it helps our brain make links between unrelated subjects.

　　In the study，led by Professor Sara Mednick，scientists made a conclusion that the REM was “important for assimilating (消化) new information into past experience” in order to find solutions to creative problems.

　　Prof.Mednick is a psychiatrist at the University of California.Her study involved the analysis of 77 adults.Each participant was given several word­associated creative tasks.All tasks were given in the morning，with participants being shown a number of groups of 3 words，for example：cookie，heart and sixteen.They were asked to come up with a word that would be associated all three given terms－like sweet.Sometime later，after some participants were allowed to sleep，they were asked to perform the same tasks and some new ones.It is worth mentioning that while some people slept，researchers used brain scans to see the type of sleep each participant entered.

　　When given the same tasks，participants，who took a nap，were able to give more varied solutions，some of which were much better than they gave earlier.But when given new tasks，researchers found that those who entered REM sleep had a 40 percent better result compared to the performance they showed in the morning，reported The Daily Telegraph.

　　语篇解读：科学家们发现，睡眠可以大大提高人的创造力。小睡之后，人们的思维更敏捷，想象力也更丰富，思考能力也有所提高。

　　5.What does“it”refer to in the second paragraph？

　　A.The effect.

　　B.REM.

　　C.Sleep.

　　D.A problem.

　　解析：词义猜测题。根据本文第二段内容可知，睡眠在很多情况下可以帮助解决问题，当一个人进入REM睡眠阶段时，这种效果就更强了。这个阶段在我们醒之前发生，它帮助大脑把不相关的事情联系起来。因此“it”指的是REM睡眠阶段，故选B。

　　答案：B

　　6.Why do the researchers study the REM？

　　A.Because REM takes place just after you sleep.

　　B.Because REM can store more information.

　　C.Because REM can help find creative solutions.

　　D.Because REM can make a creative invention.

　　解析：细节理解题。由第三段可知，科学家是为了找到有创造性的解决问题的办法才研究REM的，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　7.What can we know from this passage？

　　A.Taking a short nap is good for your thinking during the day.

　　B.Sleeping has three processes which is good for creativity.

　　C.Each adult was allowed to sleep after the task was given.

　　D.REM is a process taking place right after we awake when we nap.

　　解析：推理判断题。本文主要论述了睡眼可以提高人的创造力，而且小睡一会儿对思维和想象力都有好处，故选A。

　　答案：A

　　8.The important stage in the study is .

　　A.to think of a creative word

　　B.to show a group of 3 words

　　C.to give participants time to think

　　D.to let some participants sleep for a while

　　解析：推理判断题。由第四段可知，测试分两个阶段，先让测试者进行测试，然后让一些测试者睡一会儿之后，再进行测试，从而对比两次测试的结果，可见让一些测试者睡一会儿是本次研究的关键，故选D。

　　答案：D