高考英语同步练习《Unit 2 The Environment》专题语法攻略（十四） 虚拟语气 强化训练 译林版必修5

　　必修五

　　Unit 2

　　The environment

　　强化训练

　　[高考真题体验]

　　1.(2009·天津高考)This printer is of good quality.If it break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.

　　A.wouldB.should

　　C.could

　　D.might

　　解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这种打印机质量优良。如果它在第一年中出了毛病，我们将无偿维修。这是在条件句中对将来情况的虚拟，用should＋动词原形。

　　答案：B

　　2.(2009·福建高考)But for the help of my English teacher，Ithe first prize in the English Writing Competition.

　　A.would not win

　　B.would not have won

　　C.would win

　　D.would have won

　　解析：考查虚拟语气。句中but for一词给出了暗示：“没有英语老师的帮助，自己不会在英语写作竞赛中获奖。”是对过去的虚拟，需用would/could/should/might＋have done结构，而D项逻辑错误。

　　答案：B

　　3.(2009·浙江高考)The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.

　　A.wouldn't

　　B.couldn't

　　C.needn't

　　D.shouldn't

　　解析：考查虚拟语气。recommend，suggest，demand等词后面的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。故选D项。

　　答案：D

　　4.(2009·安徽高考)But for their help，wethe program in time.

　　A.can not finish

　　B.will not finish

　　C.had not finished

　　D.could not have finished

　　解析：考查虚拟语气。but for相当于without，可以用if引导的非真实条件句替换。由句意可知，这里表达的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以用could not＋have done，表示“过去不可能做了某事”。

　　答案：D

　　5.(2008·山东高考)Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don't think weit without you.

　　A.can manage

　　B.could have managed

　　C.could manage

　　D.can have managed

　　解析：句意：感谢你上周的辛勤工作。我想要不是你辛勤的劳动，我们不可能做成。本题是在具体语境中考查了委婉的虚拟语气的用法。without you表达的是“如果没有你的艰苦工作的话”，结合句子前后内容，本题表达的是与过去相反的虚拟语气，所以选择B项。

　　答案：B

　　[名校模拟检测]

　　1.(2010·安徽省级示范性高中皖北协作区联考)The look on his face suggested that he angry and we him alone.

　　A.was；left

　　B.was；should leave

　　C.should be；should leave

　　D.should be；left

　　解析：前面的suggest当“暗示”讲，故从句的前半句不用虚拟语气，而后面表示提“建议”，故要用should＋动词原形。

　　答案：B

　　2.(2010·山东外国语学校高三统练) this afternoon，you would have to come again next week.

　　A.The boss were not to return

　　B.The boss didn't return

　　C.Didn't the boss return

　　D.Were the boss not to return

　　解析：本题考查虚拟语气条件状语从句中if的省略。句意：如果老板今天下午不来，你们下周还得再来一趟。本句省略if，应把were提前构成倒装。

　　答案：D

　　3.(2010·安徽六校联考) for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school，she might have passed the exam.

　　A.Had it not been

　　B.Hadn't it been

　　C.Was it not

　　D.Were it not

　　解析：句意：要不是因为在上学的路上被汽车撞了且腿部骨折，她可能就通过考试了。根据句意及主句谓语动词形式可知从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为A。

　　答案：A

　　4.(2010·天津十二区一联)—Why didn't you buy the gold ring？

　　—I ，but I didn't have the money.

　　A.would have

　　B.bought

　　C.would like to

　　D.had bought

　　解析：句意：“你为什么不买那枚金戒指？”“我想买，但我没钱。”该句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，完整形式为：If I had the money，I would have bought it.。

　　答案：A

　　5.(2010·江西九所重点中学联考) strict with me when I was young，I could not be such a successful person now.

　　A.If you are not

　　B.If you were not

　　C.Were you not

　　D.If you had not been

　　解析：考查错综虚拟语气。句意：如果在我年幼时你没有对我严格要求的话，我现在就不可能是这么成功的一个人。根据句意可知，此题中主句说的是与现在事实相反的情况，而从句说的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以从句要用过去完成时，故选D，如果采用省略句，其结构应该是Had you not been。

　　答案：D

　　6.(2010·泉州高中毕业班质检)—How I wish I had studied harder when I was in senior school！

　　—If you had，you a university student now.

　　A.are

　　B.would be

　　C.should

　　D.were

　　解析：本题为错综时间的虚拟条件句，虽然从句是对过去进行虚拟，但主句中有时间状语“now”，所以是对现在的虚拟，用would＋动词原形，所以选B。

　　答案：B

　　7.(2010·苏锡常镇四市教学调查)— the bike be repaired by him？

　　—No，I'd rather he it repaired.

　　A.Will；has

　　B.Shall；had

　　C.Should；have

　　D.Can；has

　　解析：句意：“自行车由他来修理行吗？”“不，我宁愿他请别人来修理。”shall在此处用于征询意见(用于第一、三人称疑问句中)，shall用于第二、三人称陈述句(可以是肯定句，也可是否定句)表示命令、要求、警告、允诺等；would rather后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词要求用虚拟语气。对现在与将来的虚拟，谓语用动词过去式表达；对过去的虚拟，用had＋done表达。

　　答案：B

　　8.(2010·南京高三模拟)—Do you still remember the situation in the 5·12 earthquake？

　　—How can I forget it？I remember everything exactly as if it yesterday.

　　A.was happening

　　B.happens

　　C.has happened

　　D.happened

　　解析：考查虚拟语气在as if从句中的用法。好像是昨天发生的一样，但不是昨天发生的，这是一种与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，as if从句中的动词用过去式，所以选D。

　　答案：D

　　9.(2010·扬州高三调研)A safety analysis the target as a potential danger.Unfortunately，it was never done.

　　A.would identify

　　B.will identify

　　C.would have identified

　　D.will have identified

　　解析：句意：一次安全隐患分析本来会确认这个目标是潜在的危险。不幸的是，这样的分析从未做过。这是对过去时间的虚拟，表示过去要做而没有做的事。因而答案选C。

　　答案：C

　　10.(2010·南通高三模拟)We are all for your proposal that discussion .

　　A.be put off

　　B.was put off

　　C.should put off

　　D.is to put off

　　解析：句意：我们都赞成你的建议，把讨论推迟。proposal的同位语从句中应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。

　　答案：A

　　11.(2010·泉州质检)Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I your advice！

　　A.follow

　　B.would follow

　　C.had followed

　　D.have followed

　　解析：考查if only引起的感叹句的虚拟语气。if only引起的感叹句，相当于“how I wish＋宾语从句”。其谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句形式相同。此处是对过去的虚拟，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　12.(2010·深圳一调)Why did you apply for an ordinary university，when you have entered a famous one？

　　A.could

　　B.would

　　C.must

　　D.need

　　解析：考查含蓄虚拟语气。表示“本来能做某事但却没有做”时，要用could have done sth.结构。句意：当你本来能进入名牌大学的时候，为什么你申请上了一所普通大学？

　　答案：A

　　13.(2010·湖南十校联考)We didn't know his telephone number，otherwise we 　 him.

　　A.would have telephoned

　　B.must have telephoned

　　C.would telephone

　　D.had telephoned

　　解析：本题是与过去事实相反的虚拟句，从句中用过去完成时，主句中用would have done。本句相当于if we had known his telephone number，we would have telephoned him。

　　答案：A

　　14.(2010·重庆诊断)It is time that the government 　 measures to protect the rare birds and animals.

　　A.takes

　　B.took

　　C.has taken

　　D.taking

　　解析：It is time that是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。谓语动词的形式为动词的过去式或should＋动词原形。

　　答案：B

　　15.(2010·江南十校测试)I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible，but I fully occupied the whole of last week.

　　A.were

　　B.had been

　　C.have been

　　D.was

　　解析：本题的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由but引导的转折句所表述的事实。因而but所引导的句子不用虚拟语气，而用一般过去时。

　　答案：D