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2017届高考英语一轮复习课件:必修1 Unit 4《Earthquakes》(新人教版福建专用)

发布时间:2017-02-08  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  1 什么是副词? 翻译下列句子,指出画线部分单词的词性 1. When the lights are on,_the city looks marvellous. 2. Though frequently beaten by his opponent, he didn't lose heart. 答案 1. 当灯亮时,这座城市看起来漂亮极了。on,副词。 2. 虽常被对手打败,但他不泄气。frequently,副词。 1 什么是副词? 翻译下列句子,指出画线部分单词的词性 3. He is pretty clever when it comes to repairs. 4. Obviously, the murderer had a good knowledge of the crime situation. 答案 3. 说到修理,他在这方面非常聪明。pretty,副词。 4. 显然,凶手对作案环境非常熟悉。obviously,副词。

  修饰动词,表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。 1 2 副词有哪些种类? 翻译下列句子,指出画线副词的类别 1. What is impossible today may be possible tomorrow. 2. Going abroad to make further study is my little brother's dream. 3. I had to shut myself at home because it rained heavily. 4. Such phenomena occasionally happen in this area. 2 副词有哪些种类? 翻译下列句子,指出画线副词的类别 答案 1. 今天不可能的事情明天也许会变得可能。today, tomorrow, 时间副词。 2. 出国深造是我弟弟的梦想。abroad,地点副词。 3. 因下大雨我只好闭门不出。heavily,方式副词。 4. 这些现象偶尔发生在这个地区。occasionally,频度副词。 2 副词有哪些种类? 翻译下列句子,指出画线副词的类别 5. You are perfectly good at playing Chinese chess while he is an expert on magic cubic. 6. Most participants are for the plan. However, there are some objections. 7. Put away the tools in the place where they are easy to reach. 8. When was Shakespeare born? 2 副词有哪些种类? 翻译下列句子,指出画线副词的类别 答案 5. 中国象棋你下得很好而他玩魔方很在行。perfectly,程度副词。 6. 大多数与会者同意这项计划。但是,还有一些反对意见。however,连接副词。 7. 把工具放在容易拿得到的地方。where,关系副词。 8. 莎士比亚什么时候出生的?when,疑问副词。 副词常见类别有: 1.时间副词:常见的有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等。 2.地点副词:常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, upstairs, downstairs等。 2 3.方式副词:表示行为方式的副词大多以­ly结尾,如quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。 4.频度副词:常见的有always, usually, often, frequently, constantly, occasionally, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never等。

  5.程度副词:常见的有fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, deeply, partly, perfectly, really等。 2 6. 连接副词:这类副词在语义上起连接作用,但用法上为副词,常见连接副词有therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, furthermore, still, thus, meanwhile等。 7. 关系副词:就是引导定语从句的when, where, why等。 8. 疑问副词:就是用于引出特殊疑问句的when, where, why, how等。 2 3 副词在句中充当什么成分?

  翻译下列句子,指出画线副词在句中的成分 1. It is more likely for those who work hard to achieve their goals.

   

  2. People here tend to think hot food unhealthy.

  这儿的人倾向于认为辣的食物不健康。here在句中作定语。

  勤奋的人实现目标的可能性更大。hard在句中作状语。 3. Hold on, please! The manager isn't up yet.  

  4. Please keep your handbag outside.   5. Generally, when heated, metals expand. 通常来说,金属受热膨胀。generally作插入语。 

  3 副词在句中充当什么成分?

  请稍候,经理还没起床。up在句中作表语。 提包请勿入内。outside在句中作宾补。 3

  副词可作状语,表语,补语,定语和插入语。

  4 副词在句中位于什么位置? 翻译下列句子,指出副词的位置 1. I am also fond of stamp collecting. 2. If you often feel tired after breakfast, you'd better go to see a doctor. 答案 1. 我也喜欢集邮。副词also放连系动词be后。 2. 假如早餐后你经常觉得累,最好去看看医生。 频度副词often放半系动词前。 4 副词在句中位于什么位置? 翻译下列句子,指出副词的位置 3. Who can also show me the right way of switching off the computer? 4. We have also known that GOME is struggling against its trouble.

  答案

  3. 还有谁也能向我演示一下关电脑的正确方法?副词also放情态动词后。 4. 我们也知道国美正在竭力摆脱困境。 副词also放助动词后。 4 副词在句中位于什么位置? 翻译下列句子,指出副词的位置 5. My teacher has often been faced with such an embarrassing thing.

  6. It's rather difficult to tell who is right. 答案

  5. 我的老师经常遇到这样尴尬的事情。 同时出现助动词be和其他助动词, 频度副词often放助动词has和助动词be中间。 6. 很难说谁是对的。副词放形容词前。程度副词rather放被修饰词前。 4 副词在句中位于什么位置? 翻译下列句子,指出副词的位置 7. Never have I felt so excited!

  8. We can discuss questions freely in class.

  答案 7. 我从来没有觉得如此激动!否定副词放句首,句子部分倒装。 8. 我们可以在课堂上自由地讨论问题。方式副词freely放动词(动宾结构)后。 4 副词在句中位于什么位置? 翻译下列句子,指出副词的位置 9. Even a small child knows dogs like bones. 10. Who came here yesterday?

  答案 9. 甚至小孩都知道狗喜欢骨头。 副词even放名词前。 10.昨天谁来过这里?同时出现地点副词和时间副词,地点副词(here)放时间副词(yesterday)前。 4 1.单个程度副词常放被修饰词前,短语副词放被修饰词后面。 2.方式副词放被修饰词后面。 3.also及频度副词的位置:放be动词,助动词(包括助动词be, has,have,had,情态动词can,must等)后;放实义动词和半系动词前;同时出现助动词be和其他助动词, 放中间。 4 4. 否定副词放句首,句子用部分倒装。 5. 同时出现地点、时间副词,地点副词放时间副词前。 5 副词的比较级和最高级怎样构成? 写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式 原级 

  比较级

   

  最高级 1. fast

  __________

  __________

  2. well

  __________

  __________

  3. early

  __________

  __________ 4. slowly

  __________

  __________

  5. Carefully

  __________

  __________

  faster

  fastest

  better

  best

  earlier

  earliest

  more slowly

  most slowly

  more carefully

  most carefully 5

  副词的比较级,最高级构成与形容词比较级,最高级变化相似。但由单音节形容词+ly变来的副词分别在其前加more,most构成比较级,最高级,而本身含有ly的双音节副词改y为i加er或est构成比较级,最高级。 6 某些形容词变副词,词尾怎么变化? 写出下列形容词的副词形式,注意其变化规律 extreme,

  absolute, true, whole, comfortable,

  wonderful, musical,straight,wide,friendly

  答案

  extremely,

  absolutely,

  truly,

  wholly,

  comfortably,

  wonderfully,

  musically,

  straight,wide/widely,

  in a friendly way 6 1.大部分以e结尾的形容词变副词直接加ly,但true, whole为特殊变化形式。 2. 以ble结尾的形容词变副词时去e加y,如:possible — possibly。 3. 以ful结尾的形容词变副词时直接加ly,如:harmful — harmfully。 6 4. 以ly结尾的形容词变副词时采用in a(n)…way形式,如:lovely — in a lovely way。 5. 少数单词形容词、副词同形,如:fast — fast。 6. 少数单词形容词的副词形式有两种:与形容词同形(表实际意义);在形容词后加ly(表抽象含义)。deep副词形式有两种: 如:deep — deep/deeply。 * * 3 形容词的比较级和最高级构成规律如下:

  4. 在以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节形容词中, 其比较级和最高级形式常改y为i,末尾再加­er和­est。 5. 大多数多音节形容词中,其比较级和最高级形式由more /most加原级构成。

  6. 但有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 改正下列句中的错误 1. I have to stay at home to look after my ill mother, who caught a bad cold the other day. 4 什么是表语形容词? 答案

  ill改为sick。ill表示“生病的”意思时,只用作表语形容词,不能作定语。ill后接名词,表达“邪恶的,品德败坏的”意思。my ill mother意为“品德败坏的母亲”。 2. The number of the present students is half of the total.That's to say, half of them are absent. 答案

  present放students后。意为“出席的/到场的”。 4 什么是表语形容词? 改正下列句中的错误 4

  通常只用作表语,不能作定语的形容词叫表语形容词,少数表语形容词作定语只能作后置定语。这类词以a开头的较多。如:alike,asleep, awake,afraid。 找出下列一组词中词性不同的一个单词 A. hurriedly

  B. repeatedly

  C. naturally D. absolutely

  E. friendly

  F. obviously 5 以­ly结尾的形容词有哪些? 答案

  E 5

  以­ly结尾的词不一定是副词,有可能是形容词。 以ly结尾的形容词有以下几种情况: 1.表示人际关系的名词+ ­ly:friendly(友好的), brotherly(兄弟般的),sisterly(姊妹般的),manly(男子汉气概的),womanly(女人般的),fatherly(慈父般的),motherly(慈母般的),comradely(同志式的); 5 2.表示时间的名词+ ­ly

  (这些词也可用作名词,副词): daily (日常的), weekly(每周的), monthly

  (每 月的), yearly(每年的); 3.其他情况:deadly(致命的), costly(昂贵的), likely(可能的), lively(活泼的), lovely(可爱的)。 6 常见形容词句型有哪些? 翻译下列句子 1. James is not so much a writer as a reporter. 2. James is more a writer than a reporter. 3. Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day? 4. It is stupid of him to refuse the invitation. 5. This book is no more expensive than that one. 6 常见形容词句型有哪些? 答案 1.与其说James是作家,不如说是记者。 2.与其说James是记者,不如说是作家。 3.在国庆节前完成这一设计有必要吗? 4.他拒绝了邀请,真是愚蠢。 5.这本书跟那本书都不贵。 翻译下列句子 6 常见形容词句型有哪些? 翻译下列句子 6. This book is not more expensive than that one.

  7. He is obviously senior /junior to me. 8. Jack is not as /so tall as Mike. 9. You could give her no greater pleasure. 10. He is too young to dress himself. 11. The man is too selfish to help others. 6 常见形容词句型有哪些? 答案 6. 这本书没有那本书贵。(隐含的意思是两本书都贵) 7. 他明显比我大(小)。 8. 杰克没有迈克那么高。 9. 你使她再满意不过了。 10. 他还小,还不能自己穿衣服。 11. 这人太自私了,不会帮助别人。 翻译下列句子 6 常见形容词句型有哪些? 12. As I spoke to him, he became less and less angry.

  13. She plays better than (she did) last year. 14. This dress is twice as expensive as that one. 答案 12.我跟他说着话,他越来越不生气了。 13.她比去年弹得好。 14.这件外衣比那件外衣贵一倍。 翻译下列句子 6 1.as+形容词原级+as与not+so+as形容词原级+as这两个句型都可以被副词quite修饰。前者表示“和……一样”,是等量比较,后者表示“不及……”,为不等量比较。两个as中间通常为表示数量、程度、性质的词,如many, much, little, few, good, tall等。 6 2.“形容词比较级+than”用于两者之间的比较,意为“比……更”。more than常有“不仅仅,超过”等意思,其反义词组有less than, worse than等。 3.“形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”表示逐渐增加或减少。 6 4.“too+形容词+to do”具有否定意义,表示“太……以致不能/不会……”。注:too前面有only, all, not, but, never, simply, just, only等词,或too后有eager, anxious, pleased, kind, willing, ready, glad, quick等词时,too意为very, extremely, too…to…表示肯定意义。 6 5.“not so much A as B”和“more A than B”,两者均为部分否定,意为“与其说……,不如说……”,但二者所强调的对象不同。前者强调B,而后者强调A。 6.“the+形容词比较级,the+形容词比较级”表示一方程度随另一方程度的变化而变化。

  6 7.“It is+形容词+of sb.to do sth.”和“It is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”这两个句型使用频率都很高。前者表示说话人对客观事物的高兴、惊讶、遗憾、难过等情绪,后者表现的是人的性格、品质或特征。 6 8.“no more+形容词+than”和“not more+形容词+than”,前者含否定意义,表示“(两者)都不……”;后者表示程度上的差异,但有肯定意义,意为“前者不如后者”(但二者都……)。 6 9.“not /no /nothing /never…+形容词比较级”表示最高级含义,表示“再……不过”。 10.“senior to”和“junior to”分别表示“年长于”,“年幼于”,to不能换成than。类似的还有superior(优于)和inferior(劣于)。 翻译下列句子,指出画线部分单词的词性和句子成分 1. The sun rises red.

  2. All men are created free and equal.

  7 形容词作状语是怎么回事? 人人生而自由平等。free and equal形容词,作状语。 太阳升起红艳艳。red形容词,作状语。 3. The helpless mother stood there, unable to say anything.  

  4. I went back home, tired and hungry.

  我回到家里又累又饿。tired and hungry形容词,作状语。 7 形容词作状语是怎么回事? 那位无助的母亲站在那儿,说不出话来。unable形容词,作状语。 5. Because of the harsh weather, many people in this area die young.

   

  6. The she­goat rolled over, dead. 那只母山羊翻了个身,死了。dead形容词,作状语。 7 形容词作状语是怎么回事? 因为恶劣天气,这个地区的人夭折的很多。young形容词,作状语。 7

  形容词也可以作状语,但此时该形容词修饰的不是该句中的谓语动词,而是前面的主语。 8 复合形容词作状语有哪些构成方法?

  观察下列复合形容词构成特点,将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思

  1. world­famous

  ____________ ____________ 2. peace­loving

  ____________ ____________

  3. heart­broken

  ____________ ____________

  4. middle­aged

  ____________ ____________ 5. long­distance

  ____________ ____________

  6. dark­blue

  ____________ ____________ 8 复合形容词作状语有哪些构成方法?

  观察下列复合形容词构成特点,将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思

  答案

  1. 名词+形容词;

  举世闻名的  2.名词+现在分词;

  热爱和平的  3.名词+过去分词;

  伤心的  4.形容词+名词+ed; 中年的  5.形容词+名词;

  长途的  6.形容词+形容词;

  深蓝色的 8 复合形容词作状语有哪些构成方法?

  观察下列复合形容词构成特点,将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思

  7. new­born

  ____________ ____________ 8. newly­built

  ____________ ____________ 9. hard­working

  ____________ ____________ 10. dog­eared

  ____________ ____________

  11. well­known

  ____________ ____________ 12. first­class

  ____________ ____________ 8 复合形容词作状语有哪些构成方法?

  观察下列复合形容词构成特点,将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思

  答案 7. 形容词+过去分词;

  新出生的  8. 副词+过去分词;

  新建的  9. 副词+动词­ing;

  勤劳的  10. 名词+名词+ed;

  卷了角的  11. 副词+过去分词;

  著名的  12. 数词+名词;

  头等的 8 复合形容词作状语有哪些构成方法?

  观察下列复合形容词构成特点,将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思

  13. ten­year­old

  ____________ ____________ 14. five­story

  ____________ ____________ 15. three­legged

  ____________ ____________

  16. indoor

  ____________ ____________ 17. out­of­class

  ____________ ____________ 18. would­be

  ____________ ____________ 8 复合形容词作状语有哪些构成方法?

  观察下列复合形容词构成特点,将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思

  答案 13. 数词+名词+形容词; 10岁大的 14. 数词+名词;

  5层楼的  15. 数词+名词+ed;

  3条腿的 16. 介词+名词;

  室内的  17. 副词+介词+名词;

  课外的  18. 情态动词+动词原形; 将来的 8 复合形容词有多种形式,要注意其构成。

  9 多个形容词同时修饰名词时位置关系怎样? 观察句子中的修饰词,注意其类别及其出现顺序

  This a pretty small round old brown Chinese wooden writing desk. 答案

  修饰词顺序及类别分别为:a (前位限定词) →

  pretty(表评价性观点的形容词) →small (表大小的形容 词) → round(表形状的形容词) → old(表新旧或年龄的 形容词) → brown(表颜色的形容词) → Chinese(表产地 或籍贯出处的形容词)→ wooden(表材料或质地的形容 词)→ writing(表用途的形容词)desk(中心词/被修饰词)。

  多个形容词同时修饰名词时位置关系为:冠词,指示代词,物主代词等前位限定词 → 表评价性观点的形容词 → 表大小的形容词 → 表形状的形容词 → 表新旧或年龄的形容词 → 表颜色的形容词 → 表产地或籍贯出处的形容词 → 表材料或质地的形容词 → 表用途的形容词。 9 as if + 主语 + had done sth.

  (从句谓语动词发生在过去) did / were

  (从句谓语动词发生在现在) would do sth.

  (从句谓语动词发生在将来) 巧记: had done did/ were would do

  之前 谓语动词 

  之后 链接 (1) as if/as though (似乎是,好像是)的功能:

  ①引导表语从句,常置于be, look, seem, sound,taste, smell及feel等连系动词后面。其后的从句可以用陈述语气,表示与客观事实相吻合;但多用于虚拟语气,表示与客观事实不相吻合。

  She looks as if she were ten years younger.

  她看上去好像年轻了10岁。

  It seems as if our team is going to win.

  好像我们队会赢。

  链接 (1) as if/as though (似乎是,好像是)的功能:

  ②引导方式状语从句:

  He treated her as if she were his daughter.

  他对待她好像是自己的女儿。 链接 (2) as if/as though可用于省略句中:as if 引导的从句常可省略主语和系动词,这样其后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。

  He acts as if (he were)a fool / mad.

  他做事像个傻子 / 像疯了一样。

  Tom raised his hands as if (he were going) to say something.

  汤姆举起手好像要说什么。

  链接 (3)as if 用于感叹句中,表示对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。

  As if we were all stupid and she alone clever!

  仿佛我们都是傻瓜,只有她一个人聪明似的! 根据汉语提示完成句子 (1) There are masses of dark clouds in the sky. It seems as if it __________(将要) rain.

  (2) He talked as if he __________(知晓) everything in the world.

  is going to had known 解析

  (1)从“天空中乌云密布”,我们就可以判断出天要下雨的可能性相当大,所以我们用陈述语气,因是客观推测的将来,所以答案是is going to。

  (2)从语境:他说起话来就好像他穷知世界一切似的。“穷知世界”这是不可能的,所以我们要使用虚拟语气。根据本句语境know的动作应发生在talk之前,所以用had known。 根据汉语提示完成句子 ③ All hope was not lost. (P26)

  并不是所有的希望都破灭了。 All…not/Not all… 并不是所有…… All the students do not know how to deal with the problem.

  = Not all the students know how to deal with the problem.

  并非所有的学生都知道如何解决这个问题。

  (1) all,

  both,

  each,

  every,

  everyone, everything,

  always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等表示“全 体 ”意义的代词、副词或形容词与否定词 not连用 时,一般都表示部分否定。 巧记:

  只要表示“全体”意义的词与否定词连用,都是部分否定。

  (2) 如果句子中出现下列词或短语则该句为全部 否定:

  none of+n./pro.;

  neither+n./pro.;

  no+n.;

  nothing; nobody; neither; never; nowhere; neither …nor等。 翻译句子

  (1) 并非这两个学生都喜欢这个故事。

  ___________________________________

  (2) 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。

  _________________________________ Neither of the students likes the story.

  Both of the students don't like the story.

  简单句其实也可以不简单,若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、同位语、独立主格结构、倒装结构等巧妙地合在一起,不但可以表达更丰富的内容,而且可以使句子变得更精彩,充分显示你的英语表达实力。 1. 同位语:

  The big fellow was Jim Thorpe, the greatest American athlete of modern times.

  这位大个子就是现代美国最伟大的运动员吉姆·索普。 2. 形容词短语:

  Tired and hot, we had to stop to have a break.

  又累又热, 我们不得不停下来休息。 3. 不定式短语:

  To overcome these difficulties, they went there to work.

  他们是为着解决这些困难去那边工作的。 4. 现在分词短语:

  The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.

  雪下了一星期,造成整个地区严重的交通混乱。 5. 过去分词短语:

  Moved to tears, he stood there silently.

  他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶. 6. 介词短语:

  Concerning this phenomenon, different people have different opinions.

  关于这个现象,不同人有不同的看法。 7. 独立主格:

  All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.

  考虑到所有的事情,她的建议比你的更有价值。 8. 倒装:

  Only in this way can we learn English well.

  只有通过这种方式我们才能学好英语。 Ⅰ.完成句子  1. ____________________ (由于害怕挨骂), the boy decided to the net bar instead of going home

  after school.  2. They stayed in the snow for several days, ______________(又冷又饿). Afraid of being scolded cold and hungry Ⅰ.完成句子

  3. China is a great country ___________(有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化).

  4. The man died early, ____________(留给他妻子的只有悲伤和债务).

  5. _________(如果时间允许),

  I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 3. with a long history and splendid culture  4. leaving his wife nothing but grief and debt  5. Time permitting 答案 Ⅰ.完成句子 Ⅱ.按括号中的提示将下列句子翻译成简单句 1.足球是他唯一的爱好,让他结交了许多朋友。(同位语)

  2.与其他老师相比,摩尔先生更注意教学方法。

  (过去分词短语)

  Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.

  Compared with other teachers, Mr. Moore pays more

  attention to his way of teaching. 3.北京动物园,建于1906年,有100多年的历史了。 (过去分词短语)

  4.一听到教师的声音,学生们立即停止讲话。 (现在分词短语)

  The Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of more

  than 100 years.

  Hearing

  their

  teacher's

  voice,

  the

  students

  stopped

  talking at once. Ⅱ.按括号中的提示将下列句子翻译成简单句 5.我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是考试作弊来试图获得好成绩。(介词短语)

  6.没有公共汽车,我们不得不步行回家。(独立主格)

  7.这个学期,我从未上学迟到。(倒装)

  We

  students

  should

  try

  to

  get

  good

  results

  by

  studying hard instead of cheating in examinations. There being no bus, we had to walk home. Never have I been late for school this term. Ⅱ.按括号中的提示将下列句子翻译成简单句 1 什么是形容词? 翻译下列句子,指出句中的形容词 1. Good news keeps pouring in. 2. Thought without learning is dangerous. 答案 1.捷报频传。句中形容词为good。 2.思而不学则殆。句中形容词为dangerous。 1

  形容词是用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。 指出下列句中的形容词,并指出其在句中的成分。 1. A timely snow promises a good harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。 2 形容词在句中充当什么成分? timely 和good 均为定语。

  2. Impossible is nothing. 一切皆有可能。 impossible 为表语(注意该句为倒装句)。 3. We consider the plan workable. 我们认为该计划可行。 workable为宾补。 4. The construction of the private house has been found illegal. 这座私家房子被发现为非法建筑。

  private为定语,illegal 为主补。 2 形容词在句中充当什么成分? 5. Knowing the truth, the boss stood there, speechless. 得知真相后,老板无言以对。

  speechless为状语(注意形容词作状语,通常用于固定句式,该形容词并非修饰谓语动词,而是说明前面名词的性质或状态)。 2 形容词在句中充当什么成分? 2

  形容词通常作定语,表语,主补,宾补和状语。

  写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级

  原级

  比较级

  最高级 well

  __________

  __________

  good

  __________

  __________ thin

  __________

  __________ heavy

  __________

  __________ large

  __________

  __________

  fast

  __________

  __________ 3 形容词的比较级和最高级怎样构成?

  better

  best

  better

  best

  thinner

  thinnest

  heavier

  heaviest

  larger

  largest

  faster

  fastest

  原级

  比较级

  最高级 difficult

  ____________

  _____________ complicated

  ______________

  _______________

  more difficult

  most difficult

  more complicated

  most complicated 3 形容词的比较级和最高级怎样构成? 3 形容词的比较级和最高级构成规律如下: 1. 在一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词中,其比较级和最高级形式要双写该辅音字母。 2. 在以­e结尾的单音节形容词,其比较级和最高级形式常在原级形式后加­r和­st。 3. 其他单音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其原级后面直接加上­er和­est。

  (3) a great/ good deal of

  quite a little + n. (不可数名词)

  (作主语,谓语动词用单数第三人称形式) (作主语,谓语动词根据amount的单复数决定) (4) a large amount of

  large amounts of + n. (不可数名词) ⑤ the number of + n.(pl.) ……的数量 表示“许多”的短语 (作主语,谓语动词根据quantity 的数决定) (5) a large quantity of

  large quantities of + n. (复数)或+ n. (不可数名词) 表示“许多”的短语 ⑤ the number of + n.(pl.) ……的数量 辨析

  the number of / a number of

  a number of+可数名词,意为“许多的 、大量 的……”,其后的谓语动词用复数;

  the

  number

  of

  + 可 数名词,意为“……的数 目”, 其后的谓语动词用单数。 ⑤ the number of + n.(pl.) ……的数量

  单项填空 (1) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 2009.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. has been

  D. have been

  解析 考查主谓一致和时态。主语是 the number of foreign students, 故谓语动词用单数,又因时间状语是since 2009,所以用完成时态。 C ⑤ the number of + n.(pl.) ……的数量 (2) With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities

  of good earth ______ each year.

  A. is washing away

  B. is being washed away

  C. are washing away

  D. are being washed away 解析

  考查主谓一致。quantities of后既可接不可数名词,也可接可数名词,其谓语动词根据quantity的数确定,所以答案是D。   D ⑤ the number of + n.(pl.) ……的数量

  单项填空 (3) Good amounts of sleep every night________ also important for your health.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. was

  D. were 解析 考查主谓一致和时态。amounts of 后只接不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词和amount的数保持一致,由于其时间是every night,要用一般现在时,所以答案是B。 B ⑤ the number of + n.(pl.) ……的数量

  单项填空 ⑥ shock v. & n.

  根据语境猜词义 (1)The child's bad language shocks everyone.

  (2)He got shocked when he touched the wire.

  (3)The news gave me a very great shock.

  (4)His death was a great shock to the family.

  (5)The shock of the earthquake was felt for miles.

  (6)You will get an electric shock if you touch a live wire.

  (7)She died of shock following an operation on the brain. ⑥ shock v. & n.

  根据语义找匹配 A. 休克(不可数名词)   B.使震惊,使惊愕不快,使生厌恶情绪(动词)  C. 震惊,情绪上的打击(不可数名词,可加不定冠词)  D. 使触电 v.  E. 电击,突击(可数名词)  F. 使人震惊的事,给人打击的事(可数名词)  G. 震动,冲击(可数名词,不可数名词) 答案

  (1)B (2)D (3)C (4)F (5)G (6)E (7)A ⑥ shock v. & n. 链接 shocking adj.

  使人震惊的,糟糕的 shocked adj.

  震惊的;震动的,大吃一惊的 ⑥ shock v. & n.

  单项填空 (1)— Have you heard of the newly built bridge falling into ruins?

  — Yes, ______ news came as _______ shock to me.

  A. the; a

  B. the; the

  C. a; a

  D. a; the  解析

  这是一则令我震惊的消息。shock 表示“一件令人震惊的事或人”时是可数名词。 A ⑥ shock v. & n. 解析

  terrifying experience 令人害怕的经历; shocked 感到震惊的。

  单项填空

  (2) It was a really ____ experience. Afterwards everybody was very ________.

  A. terrifying; shocking

  B. terrified; shocking

  C. terrifying; shocked

  D. terrified; shocked C ⑦ rescue

  n. & vt.

  根据语境感悟其用法 (1)The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.

  (2)The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.

  (3)Michael rescued a boy from drowning.

  ⑦ rescue

  n. & vt.

  (1)come to/go to sb.'s rescue = rescue sb.

  援救某人 n. (2)rescue team

  救援队 n. (3)rescue sb. / sth. from sb. / sp.

  把……从……营救出来 v. 短语 a rescue mission

  救援任务

  rescue workers

  救援人员 ⑦ rescue

  n. & vt.

  用rescue的适当形式填空 (1) The mother, along with her two children, ______from the sinking boat by a passing ship.

  (2) The firemen ______ five children from the burning house yesterday.

  (1) has been rescued

   (2) rescued

  答案 ⑦ rescue

  n. & vt.

  ⑧ bury

  vt.

  根据语境猜词义 (1)After the battle, they buried the dead.

  (2) The house was half buried under snow.

  (3) He buried himself in his studies.

  根据语义找匹配 A. 埋葬 v 

  B. 专心致志(于某事)v.  C. 埋(藏);(使被)覆盖 A C B 短语 bury oneself in 埋头于;专心于 be buried in

  埋头于;专心于 be buried alive

  活埋 be buried under

  为……所压倒,沉浸于;忙于 ⑧ bury

  vt.

  单项填空 _____ by the rumours about her private life, the actress had no choice but to commit suicide.

  A. Burying

  B. Buried

  C. Absorbed

  D. Absorbing 解析

  be buried by the rumour 被谣言所覆盖; be absorbed in 沉浸于……,全神贯注于…… B ⑧ bury

  vt. ⑨ damage n. & vt.

  根据语境猜词义 (1)The accident did very little damage to either car.

  (2)The court ordered him to pay $1,500 damages to the person he had hurt.

  (3)This cloth damages easily.

  (4)Many of the books were damaged by fire. ⑨ damage n. & vt.

  根据语义找匹配 A.受损坏;破损 vi.  B.赔偿费(复数) n.  C.损坏 vt.  D. 损坏;损害 n. (不可数) 答案

  (1)D (2)B (3)A (4)C ⑨ damage n. & vt. 辨析

  damage/destroy/ruin 这组词的共同意思是“损坏,破坏”。

  damage指不彻底地破坏,只是使其不能发挥正常作用;

  The bus was badly damaged when it hit the wall.

  destroy 指十分彻底地破坏,其后果不能或很难修复;

  He hates his little sister because she destroyed all his toys. ⑨ damage n. & vt. 辨析

  damage/destroy/ruin 这组词的共同意思是“损坏,破坏”。

  ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物,特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物,并使其无法修复。

  You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish. ⑨ damage n. & vt. 注意: (1)destroy可接物,也可接人;而damage通常接物。

  (2)destroy的主语可以是人,也可以是事物;而ruin的主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。 ⑨ damage n. & vt.

  单项填空 William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ________.

  A. disappear

  B. fall

  C. fail

  D. damage 解析

  William 发现阅读越来越难,因为他的视力在不断衰退。fail 为“衰弱;衰退”。故选C。 C ⑩ judge

  n. & vt.

  根据语境猜词义 (1)His father used to be a judge.

  (2)She's a good judge of wine.

  (3)He was one of the judges in the final. (4)Don't judge a man by his looks.

  根据语义找匹配 A.判断 

  B. 鉴赏家 

  C. 法官

  D.裁判 C B A D 短语 judge sb. / sth. by/from

  通过……判断…… judge between right and wrong

  判断是非 in one's judgement

  依某人看;依某人判断 ⑩ judge

  n. & vt.

  句型 judging from/by…

  从……来看, 根据……判断 as far as I judge

  在我看来 Don't judge a book by its cover. 不可凭外表作出判断/不要以貌取人。 温馨提示

  judging from/by…是一个独立成分句型,一般地 说,它只用其

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