2016届湖南长沙市高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（79）（含答案）

　　湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（79）及答案

　　2016高考英语阅读理解集训阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy---they’re given after all. Choice can be hard.

　　I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me, I had just turned 30 years old , and I’d been married for a year, I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t , and I wasn’t sure what to expect, MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor, I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.

　　I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.

　　After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice, For all of us, in the end, we are our choice.

　　1. What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?

　　A. His dream if being an inventor.

　　B. The support of his wife.

　　C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.

　　D. Millions of exciting titles.

　　2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?

　　A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.

　　B. He would be very excited if he tried it out.

　　C. He would be always having a doubt if he didn’t try.

　　D. The decision to not try the online bookstore would terrify him.

　　3. We can know from the passage that ______.

　　A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the author B. the author wanted someone else to try the idea

　　C. the author might not regret if he failed the idea

　　D. the author might go back to his boss if he failed

　　4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Cleverness and Kindness

　　B. The Starting of Amzon

　　C. Following My Passion

　　D. We Are What We Choose

　　参考答案1—4、CDCD

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。CHICAGO(Reuters)-Smoking not only can wrinkle(皱纹)the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.

　　The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body-even skin protected from the sun.

　　“We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs, of cigarette smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced, ”Dr. Yolanda, who led the study, said in a statement.

　　“In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years. ” Yolanda’s team added in their report.

　　The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms. They ranged, in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers. In dependent judges decided how wrinkled each person’s skin was.

　　When skin is exposed to sunlight, especially the face, it becomes coarse(粗糙的). Wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint, Yolanda's team wrote.

　　Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking led to premature(过早的)skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light.

　　The report did not discuss die mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels(血管)beneath the skin to constrict(紧缩), reducing blood supply to the skin.

　　Smoking can also damage the connective tissue(组织)that supports both die skin and the internal organs.

　　1. The best title for this passage would be ______________.

　　A. The danger of smoking

　　B. Smoking causes skin aging

　　C. Quit smoking for health

　　D. A survey of smokers

　　2. According to the passage, how wrinkled a person’s skin is doesn’t relate to ___________.

　　A. the number of cigarettes a person smokes

　　B. the kind and characteristics of skin

　　C. how long a person smokes

　　D. how long skin is under sunlight

　　3. From the passage smoking results in skin aging mainly because ____________.

　　A. it will lower blood supply to skin

　　B. it can make you feel tired

　　C. it can make skin come off

　　D. it can make blood run faster

　　4. The main purpose of the passage is to ____________.

　　A. inform people about the study of skin

　　B. advise people how to protect skin

　　C. warn people not to smoke again

　　D. introduce a new way of avoid skin aging

　　参考答案1—4、BBAC

　　阅读理解Since we are social beings，the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.One strength of the human conditions is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有压力的) conditions.Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems.People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties.Studies over types of illnesses，from depression to heart disease，show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness，and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

　　Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First，friends，relatives and co­workers may let us know that they value us.Our self­respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties.Second，other people often provide us with informational support.They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them.Third，we typically find social companionship supportive.Taking part in free­time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles.Finally，other people may give us instrumental support—money aid，material resources，and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.

　　1．Interpersonal relationships are important because they can________.

　　A．deal with life changes

　　B．smooth away daily problems

　　C．make people live more easily

　　D．cure types of illnesses

　　2．The researches show that people’s physical and mental health________.

　　A．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

　　B．lies in the social medical care systems which support them

　　C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

　　D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes.

　　3．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions”？

　　A．takes place of B．makes up of

　　C．lessens the effect ofD．gets rid of

　　4．Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of________.

　　A．instrumental support

　　B．informational support

　　C．social companionship

　　D．the strengthening of self­respect

　　5．What is the subject discussed in the text?

　　A．Effects of stressful conditions.

　　B．Kinds of social support.

　　C．Ways to deal with stress.

　　D．Interpersonal relationships.

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了我们是社会性的动物，所以我们的生活质量很大程度上取决于人际关系。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to deal with major life changes and daily problems...Studies over types of illnesses”可知，A、B、D三项的内容只是问题的一部分，都比较片面。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。researches和studies都是研究的意思，根据第一段的最后一句话中“Studies over types of illnesses，from depression to heart disease，show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness，and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.”可知A项正确。B、C两项在文中没有提及，而D选项只提到了life changes，内容太片面。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“...the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against...”可知，画线词所在句子的句意为：社会支持以许多方式减轻压力。take place of代替；make up of构成，组成；lessen the effect of减少影响，免受影响；get rid of摆脱，除掉，去掉。

　　答案：　C

　　4．解析：　细节理解题。在最后一段中，作者给出了几种不同的support。第一种是“friends，relatives and co­workers may let us know that they value us.”即从朋友、亲戚和同事那获得的支持；第二种是“other people often provide us with informational support.”即别人为我们提供的信息帮助和支持；第三种是“we typically find social companionship supportive.Taking part in free­time activities with others...”即社会关系或友情中得到的支持或帮助；最后一种是“other people may give us instrumental support”即别人给我们提供的实质性支持。

　　答案：　C

　　5．解析：　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Since we are social beings，the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.”可知，D项正确。

　　答案：D阅读理解(2016·威海高考模拟)

　　A dentist’s office may not be everyone’s idea of a perfect holiday destination.But a growing number of Europeans are travelling abroad for medical treatment to save money，or maybe to combine a visit to the doctor with some sightseeing，creating a potential but fast­growing market for traditional tour operators.

　　“It was simply cheaper for me to go to a dentist in Hungary，” said a 42­year­old physical therapist from Berlin.He chose the clinic near Budapest from an Internet advertisement，attracted by hundreds of euros in savings compared with the same treatment in Germany.He was happy to find when he got there that the clinic was clean，the staff qualified and the work thorough.

　　People travel abroad for medical treatment for various reasons：it’s cheaper，they face a long wait at home，or the treatment they want is not available in their own country.The British­based Medical Tourist Company refers about 100 patients a year to hospitals in India for treatments.And Chief Executive Premhar Shah reports rapid growth in demand from customers in Africa，where it can be harder to find well­equipped medical facilities for complex surgeries.

　　Some patients who have immigrated may prefer to return to be close to their families when they undergo surgery.“People will want to take the opportunity to seek treatment in places where they have relatives who might be able to look after them.I’m seeing that especially with younger people from eastern Europe，” said a professor at the University of Oxford.

　　For some，there is the attraction of free treatment abroad.British law­makers have called for tighter checks on patients arriving for treatment，out of concerns that foreign citizens are travelling to Britain to take advantage of the free service.

　　The global medical tourism market is believed to be worth $40 billion to $60 billion and growing at about 20 percent per year.

　　1．The 42­year­old physical therapist was satisfied with________in Hungary.

　　A．the price instead of the service

　　B．the service instead of the price

　　C．both the price and the service

　　D．neither the price nor the service

　　2．How many reasons are mentioned to explain why people go abroad for medical treatment?

　　A．Four. B．Five.

　　C．Six.D．Seven.

　　3．According to the article，________for medical treatment.

　　A．more Africans want to travel abroad

　　B．more Europeans want to travel to Africa

　　C．more Britons want to travel to India

　　D．no one would come to Great Britain

　　4．Young people from eastern Europe return to their mother countries for surgery in order to________.

　　A．get cheaper medical service

　　B．be looked after by relatives

　　C．have better medical treatment

　　D．enjoy free medical treatment

　　5．What does the article mainly talk about?

　　A．Overseas sightseeing.B．Hospital treatment.

　　C．Medical tourism.D．Travelers’ health problems.

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章对发展潜力巨大的“医疗旅游业(medical tourism)”进行了简要介绍。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段内容特别是第二段第一句“It was simply cheaper for me...in Hungary”和最后一句“He was happy...the clinic was clean，the staff qualified and the work through.”可知，他对匈牙利医院的收费和服务都相当满意。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。根据第二至五段内容可知，吸引人们去国外就医涉及以下五方面的原因：收费低，甚至免费、医疗设施健全、医生资质高、等候时间短、环境干净。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“...in Africa，where it can be harder to find well­equipped medical facilities for complex surgeries.”可知，在非洲很难找到做复杂手术的精良设备。因此推知，将会有更多的人去国外就医。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句“Some patients...prefer to return to be close to their families...be able to look after them.”可知，答案选B。

　　答案：　B

　　5．解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文就“医疗旅游”进行了介绍说明。

　　答案：　C

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　“It takes an entire village to raise a child.” That’s an old proverb(谚语) that is being quoted more and more often these days. And I’m pleased about that.

　　Today, more and more schools are reaching out to involve parents, community members and businesses to help shape a child’s future.

　　Parents need to be involved in their children’s education in many ways. Helping children with homework and studying, going on a field trip, teaching a craft or coaching a child’s sports team are all great ways to be involved with your child’s education. And don’t forget to communicate with teachers---they need and respect your input. Studies show that children learn more and schools function better when parents and schools work together. It’s important to stay in touch with your child’s education all through his or her school career.

　　Communities can help children create and achieve new goals. Help with homework, read to a child, coach a children’s team, or provide emotional support. Help solve problems and build self-esteem. Kids need role models and advisers can be role models by sharing their experiences and wisdom.

　　Businesses can also help shape our children’s future. Invite a class from your local school to visit your workplace. You may be providing a glimpse that opens a new world of possibilities. Show students what goes on during a typical day. Give a mini course for students: how to use a computer; how products are made; how machinery works. You may have a developing electrician, teacher, nurse, or even a newspaper reporter on your hands.

　　It really does take an entire village to raise a child. So share the responsibility---and the joy---of bringing a child to his or her full potential.

　　1. The implied advice in the proverb “It takes an entire village to raise a child.” is that ______.

　　A. All the people in a village should give food to a child.

　　B. Schools, parents, and other organizations should share the responsibility

　　of shaping a child’s future.

　　C. Children’s should be brought up in the village where they were born.

　　D. Schools should be set up in the village where a child was raised.

　　2.. The text was written mainly for _______________.

　　A. parents and members in organizations

　　B. teachers and students

　　C. newspaper reporters and developing electricians

　　D. education experts and government officials

　　3. Students can get developed in practical working skill through ______.

　　A. parental involvement

　　B. community activities

　　C. business training

　　D. school teaching

　　4. Which is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Parents play an important part in children’s education.　

　　B. Communities have not a bit effect on the way to new and high ideal.

　　C. Educating a child well demands of the work not only from school but from other organizations.

　　D. Businesses may arrange some training courses for students.

　　参考答案、BACB