2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解一百四十集选练：（78）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（78）

　　【科普知识型---阅读理解】

　　Housed in Milan, one of Europe's dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece The Last Supper still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church where the famous painting is on display.

　　In 2009, Italian authorities installed a heating, ventilation (通风) and airconditioning system to protect the painting from Milan's polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two airquality monitors inside the church for a year to collect samples from around painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, respectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. ?It's a spectacular reduction，” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very impressive.”

　　Although the researchers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around da Vinci's painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantities around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.

　　Only a few visitors are allowed inside the church at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors' skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.

　　Even previous restorations of the painting may pollute its surface, Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.

　　The researchers noted that their airsample analysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artwork and artefacts.

　　1．What does the underlined word “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

　　A．The smallest parts of a chemical substance.

　　B．Things dirtier than usual.

　　C．Certain types of gas.

　　D．Extremely small pieces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.

　　2．According to the text, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT

　　________．

　　A．fatty lipids from the skin

　　B．tiny particles of the wax

　　C．breath of the visitors

　　D．dust in the air

　　3．According to the researchers, which of the following is NOT true of their airsample analysis?

　　A. The airsample analysis was got by gathering air in the church for a year.

　　B．The airsample analysis showed that the painting was completely away from air pollution.

　　C．The airsample analysis can be helpful for future studies protecting valuable artwork.

　　D．The airsample analysis showed that the particulates around da Vinci's painting were decreased successfully.

　　4．What can be the best title of the text?

　　A．How to decrease levels of particulates effectively

　　B．The famous painting —da Vinci's The Last Supper

　　C．Keeping air pollution from damaging da Vinci's The Last Supper

　　D．How to protect artwork in households

　　【要点综述】保存在意大利米兰市一家教堂的达·芬奇名画《最后的晚餐》受到空气污染的影响。虽采取了措施使教堂空气质量得到提高，但仍存在一些污染隐患。

　　1．D　词义猜测题。综合分析文章及该词所在句子，可推知该词意为“颗粒(污染)物”。

　　2．C　细节理解题。根据文章信息可知，对名画《最后的晚餐》带来污染的因素主要有参观者皮肤上的油脂、修复时产生的蜡颗粒及空气中的灰尘等。

　　3．B　细节理解题。从文章第一、二段可知，虽然教堂室内环境大为改善，但这幅伟大的画作仍受到各种污染物的威胁。

　　4．C　主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍如何保护达·芬奇的名画《最后的晚餐》免受污染物的影响，故C项为标题最佳。

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。

　　One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast. We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide rang of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked, "My I get you something?" "A coffee would be nice." Then I bought him a cup of coffee. We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee, Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked, "How did you get to know Mr. Gal breath?" "Who?" "The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs." I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr. Gal breath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity.

　　(

　　) 1. What does the underlined word "disheveled" mean?

　　A. Unfriendly. B. Untidy. C. Gentle. D. Kind.

　　(

　　) 2. The author bought coffee for the old man because

　　A. he thought the old man was poor

　　B. he wanted to start a conversation

　　C. he intended to show his politeness

　　D. he would like to thank the old man

　　(

　　) 3. How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? A. Proud. B. Pitiful. C. Surprised. D. Regretful

　　(

　　) 4. What is the message mainly expressed in the story?

　　A. We should learn to be generous.

　　B. It is honorable to help those in need.

　　C. People in high positions are not like what we expect.

　　D. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.

　　【语篇解读】 本文讲述了"我"在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人, 并且帮助 他买了一杯咖啡,事后得知他是最富有的 Mr. Gal breath,旨在告诉我们不要以貌取人.

　　1. 答案 B 【解析】猜测词义题.由上文中的 I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man 何 下文中的 He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.可知 disheveled 在这儿是指仪容不整, 穿着邋遢的意思.所以答案选 B 项.

　　2. 答案A 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.可以判断选 A 项.

　　3. 答案 C 【解析】推理判断题.根据 I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men!可知, 作者在他朋友告诉他 那个老人是 Mr. Gal breath 之后感到很吃惊.由此判断选 C 项.

　　4. 答案 D 【解析】 主旨大意题. 根据文章最后一句 Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.可知,作者想要 表达的是不要以貌取人.由此判断选 D 项.

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Each morning Grandpa was up early sitting at the kitchen table, reading his book. His grandson wanted to be just like him and tried to copy him in every way he could.

　　One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa, I try to read the book just like you, but I don’t understand it, and I forget what I understand as soon as I close the book. What good does reading the book do?”

　　The grandpa quietly turned from putting coal in the stove and replied, “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.”

　　The boy did as he was told, but all the water leaked out before he got back to the house. The grandpa laughed and said, “You’ll have to move a little faster next time,” and sent him back to the river with the basket to try again.

　　This time the boy ran faster, but again the basket was empty before he returned. Out of breath, he told his grandpa that it was impossible to carry water in a basket, so he went to get a bucket instead.

　　The grandpa said, “I don’t want a bucket of water; I want a basket of water. You’re just not trying hard enough.”

　　The boy again dipped the basket into the river and ran hard, but when he reached his grandpa the basket was empty again. Out of breath, he said, “Grandpa, it’s useless!”

　　“So, you think it is useless?” the grandpa said, “Look at the basket.”

　　The boy looked at the basket and for the first time he realized that the basket was different. It had been transformed from a dirty old coal basket and was now clean.

　　“Grandson, that’s what happens when you read the book. You might not understand or remember everything, but when you read it, you’ll be changed, inside and out.”

　　1. What puzzled the grandson most was ________.

　　A. whether it was useful to read books

　　B. why he forgot what he read soon

　　C. what kind of book he could understand

　　D. how he could read books like his grandpa

　　2. Why did Grandpa ask his grandson to fetch a basket of water?

　　A. To train him to run faster.

　　B. To clean the dirty basket in the river.

　　C. To punish him for not reading carefully.

　　D. To get him to realize the use of reading books.

　　3. What lesson can we learn from the story?

　　A. The old are always wiser than the young.

　　B. It is foolish to carry water with a basket.

　　C. Reading books can change a person gradually.

　　D. You can’t expect to remember whatever you read.

　　参考答案1—3、A D C

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　If you look for a book as a present for a child，you will be spoiled for choice even in a year there is no new Harry Patten.

　　J.K Rowling’s wizard is not alone .The past decade has been a harvest for good children’s books ,which has set off a large quantity of films and an increased sales of classics such as The lard of the Rings.

　　Yet despite that, reading is increasingly unpopular among children .According to statistics in 1997, 23% said they didn’t like reading at all. In 2003, 35% didn’t. And around 6% of the children leave primary school each year unable to read properly.

　　Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computes games. Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile. Either way, Chancellor Cordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class .In his pre-budget report, he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.

　　Reading Recovery is aimed at six year olds, who receive four months of individual daily half-hour classes with a specially trained teacher. An evaluation this year reported that children on the school made 20 months’ progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months’ progress ,and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age.

　　International research tends to find that when British children leave primary school, they read well ,but read text often for fun than those elsewhere .Reading for fun matters because children who are keen on reading can report lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success . According to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage.

　　1．Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1?

　　A．Many children’s books have been adapted from films.

　　B．Many high-quality children’s books have been published.

　　C．The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.

　　D．The sales of presents for children have increased.

　　2．Statistics suggested that .

　　A．the number of top students increased with the use of computers

　　B．a decreasing number of

　　children showed interest in reading

　　C．a minority of primary school children read properly

　　D．a huge percentage of children read regularly

　　．What do we know about Reading Recovery?

　　A．An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.

　　B．Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.

　　C．It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.

　　D．Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.

　　4．Reading for fun is important because book-loving children _________.

　　A．take greater advantage of the project

　　B．show the potential to enjoy a long life

　　C．are likely to succeed in their education.

　　D．would make excellent future researchers

　　．The aim of this text would probably be _________.

　　A．to overcome primary school pupils reading difficulty.

　　B．to encourage the publication of more children’s books

　　C．to remind children of the importance of reading for fun

　　D．to introduce a way to improve early children reading

　　【参考答案】1—5、BBDCD