2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解一百四十集选练：（117）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（117）

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：热点关注　时间：7分钟

　　Does style really sell? How can the appearance of a product be more important than what it does? The battle between form and function rose again when James Dyson，British inventor of the Dyson vacuum(真空) cleaner that has sold in millions around the world，resigned as chairman of London's Design Museum.It is widely believed that Mr.Dyson felt that the museum put too much stress on style at the expense of serious industrial design.

　　Mr.Dyson accused the museum of not keeping true to itself.He may be right，but these days，museums everywhere can no longer afford to be unique centers of scholarship and learning.Among competition for sponsorship，they must use exhibitions of populist culture，nice cafes and shops or，best of all，a new building by Frank Gehry to increase visitor numbers.

　　On the one hand，some producers can be too old­fashioned and too concerned with the importance of product engineering and the functionality of their goods.On the other hand，there are those who believe that how a product looks is more important.Design is indeed a broad term，involving both function and form.Typically，in any given product area，it changes from the former to the latter.Clothing is a good example.But surely you would have to be a very shallow person to think something's appearance is more important than what it does.

　　Today nearly all goods at any given price point do much the same job.So almost the only way producers can differentiate their products from those of their competitors is to create some sort of emotional connection with the consumer，which could be through the visual appeal of the product or its packaging，or the imagery(意象) created by advertising.And what of the Dyson vacuum cleaner? Mr.Dyson may believe that people buy these machines because of the graphs showing their superior suction，but most vacuum cleaners do a good job；the main reason people pay extra for a Dyson is that it is a vacuum cleaner with a trendy brand.With its inside workings exposed，it is a bit like a Richard Rogers building with all its pipes shown in bright colors on the outside instead of being hidden inside.Functional it may be，but it is a bit of a trick，too.

　　【语篇导读】　英国吸尘器发明家Dyson因强烈反对设计博物馆太过注重外在的风格样式而辞职，他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方。

　　1．Mr.Dyson left the Design Museum because he thought the museum ______.

　　A．didn't increase the number of visitors

　　B．couldn't provide scholarships for learners

　　C．wasn't loyal to its original purpose of learning

　　D．didn't have great appeal for serious industrial design

　　解析　推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句话和第二段的第一句可知，他辞职是因为设计博物馆太注重风格样式。他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方，他们的做法违背了这个初衷。

　　答案　C

　　2．Speaking of clothing，the underlined word“latter” refers to “______ ”．

　　A．affording protection

　　B．indicating one's identity

　　C．providing warmth

　　D．making someone beautiful

　　解析　词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，这里的latter指的是前面一句话中的form，即外形。因此D项正确。

　　答案　D

　　3．What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

　　A．A product with convenient packaging sells well.

　　B．The majority of consumers prefer to buy branded goods.

　　C．Most similarly priced products are of a comparable standard.

　　D．Emotion contributes much to the development of advertising industry.

　　解析　细节理解题。由第四段的第一句可知，大多数指定价格的产品都做着同样的工作，即大多数相似价格的产品都有可比的标准。所以C项正确。

　　答案　C

　　4．What is the author's attitude towards the form of a product?

　　A．Optimistic.

　　B．Sceptical.

　　C．Disapproving.

　　D．Objective.

　　解析　态度推断题。由最后两段的内容可知，作者认为产品的外形还是很重要的，但也是个小花招，因此作者对产品外形持客观的态度。选D。

　　答案　D

　　, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：人物介绍　时间：7分钟

　　(2016·宁夏银川一中高三月考)Sam Walton，the founder of Wal­Mart，was born in Kingfish，Oklahoma on March 29,1918.He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his father's store while attending school.This was his first retailing(零售业) experience and he really enjoyed it.After graduation，he began his own career as a retail merchant.

　　He soon opened his first Wal­Mart store in 1962 in Rogers，Arkansas.Wal­Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success.Soon a chain of Wal­Mart stores sprang up across rural America.

　　Walton's management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today.

　　After taking the company public in 1970，Walton introduced his“profit sharing plan”．The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal­Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store.Sam Walton believed that “individuals don't win，while teams do”．Employees at Wal­Mart stores were offered stock options(认股选择权) and store discounts.These benefits are commonplace today，but Walton was among the first to implement(实施) them.Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales.He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company's success，they would care about the company.

　　By the 1980s，Wal­Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across North America.Wal­Mart's unique decentralized(分散的) distribution system，also Walton's idea，created the edge

　　needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the “superstore” was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing.By 1991，Wal­Mart was the largest US retailer with 1,700 stores.Walton remained active in managing the company，as president and CEO until 1988 and chairman until his death.He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death.

　　【语篇导读】　本文介绍了沃尔玛公司的创始人山姆·沃尔顿。1962年，他开办了第一家沃尔玛百货商店。经过几十年的奋斗，他使沃尔玛公司成为全球最大的连锁零售王国。他的经营理念现在仍然适用。

　　1．Sam Walton first made a hit in retailing when ______.

　　A．he worked in his father's store

　　B．he created Walton's management style

　　C．a chain of Wal­Mart stores sprang up across rural America

　　D．he specialized in name brands at low prices

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wal­Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success.”可知，沃尔玛在低价销售名牌产品时取得了意想不到的成功，因此选D。

　　答案　D

　　2．What

　　is the purpose of Walton's carrying out “profit sharing plan”？

　　A．To make sure all the employees had their own shares.

　　B．To encourage the employees to work hard and make joint efforts.

　　C．To select excellent employees for his stores.

　　D．To make more profit for himself.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal­Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store.”可知，雇员的收入与商店的利润挂钩，这个计划就是为了鼓励员工努力工作。

　　答案　B

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．With Walton's management style，employees treated the stores as their own.

　　B．Walton wasn't one of the merchants who first implemented stock options.

　　C．The smaller and traditional stores were well affected by Walton's stores.

　　D．In his old age，Walton gave all the management to his men.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company's success，they would care about the company.”可知，沃尔顿的经营理念就是让员工把公司当成自己的一样去关心。

　　答案　A

　　4．What does the underlined word“edge” in the last paragraph mean here?

　　A．Danger.

　　B．Disadvantage.

　　C．Advantage.

　　D．System.

　　解析　词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，沃尔顿的想法是让沃尔玛独特的分散配送体系创造优势以进一步鼓励发展，因此edge表示“优势”，故答案为C。

　　答案　C

　　A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　In Western culture, 21 was the age at which young people traditionally received a key to their parents’ door, as a symbol of entering adulthood. Now, the age of 21 is a time when people ask themselves: where do I go from here?

　　Jiang Fangzhou’s 21 years have been filled with the kind of success most young people wouldn’t dare hope for in a lifetime. She published her first book at the age of nine and has written many more since then. She is regarded as a spokesperson for her generation. However, her hopes and concerns for the future appear decidedly normal.

　　She explains that while her fellow students are chiefly concerned with getting a job or buying an apartment, shefrets over how she can excel in her work when having limited experience of the world.

　　However, Jiang, now a senior at the School of Journalism and Communication of Tsinghua University, notes that her peers face intense pressure and competition at school. They are expected to excel in their field of study despite limited experience, just as Jiang is expected to shine in the literary world.

　　Young people, she says, have been forced to open their eyes to the world around them. Jiang’s world has opened up, too. She’s more at ease with herself at 21, compared with when she began college.

　　“My horizon has broadened and I’m more tolerant,” she says. “As a freshman, I was desperate. I stopped people around me and asked: ‘Is there anything in the world still worth hoping for? ‘ But now I don’t do that.”

　　Jiang says that she may not pursue writing as her main future career because she wants to try“other lifestyles”—overseas travel and study touring sound particularly inviting to her. But she is concerned that many foreigners have skewed (歪曲的,倾斜的) perceptions about China.

　　“A few days ago I overheard a conversation between two foreigners sitting next to me on a flight,” says Jiang. “They were having a heated discussion about the number of beggars in China. And how Chinese always go for ‘petty profits’. In fact, they had been in China for only a week.”

　　Jiang believes prejudice is unavoidable, but she also maintains that Chinese and Westerners, for example, share much common ground.

　　“We share the same principles, such as honesty and a willingness to help others,” says Jiang. “The differences between peoples are not that huge.”

　　1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. Jiang Fangzhou’s novels.

　　B. Embracing new challenges.

　　C. Jiang Fangzhou’s university life.

　　D. Jiang Fangzhou’s success.

　　2. What does the underlined phrase mean?

　　A. be patient with　B. be worried about

　　C. be content with

　　D. be indifferent about

　　3. Which of the following sentences is true?

　　A. Jiang doesn’t have any pressure and competition as the others do.

　　B. Jiang’s peers face intense pressure and competition at school.

　　C. Jiang wants to be a professional writer in future.

　　D. Jiang often asks her friends some questions now.

　　4. We can infer from the text that_____.　

　　A. there is nothing but prejudice between Chinese and Westerners

　　B. Jiang accepts the fact that there are huge differences between peoples

　　C. one week is enough to know about a true China.

　　D. Jiang disagrees with what the two foreigners said about Chinese

　　【参考答案】1—4、BBBD

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Flappy Bird is flapping(拍打) its wings no more. The popular game for mobile equipment was removed from online stores on Sunday by its Vietnamese creator. Who said its fame “destroys my simple life”

　　Dong Nguyen, who created the game in just two to three days, was making as much as $50,000 a day from the game’s advertising income. In several Twitter posters, he said the game’s removal was not due to legal issues(问题) and that he may make a follow-up.

　　Mr. Nguyen, who describes himself as an “ enthusiastic independent game maker”, also said on the micro-blogging mobile game so far. Coming out in May 2016, the game was free to download and required players to tap the screen to keep the bird in flight.

　　In spite of its simple graphs, Flappy Bird was an extremely difficult game since many users could only keep the bird in the air for

　　a new seconds before it hits an obstacle (障碍物) and falls.

　　After Mr. Nguyen took the game down, many fans turned to social media to ask for its return. The game is no longer a available through online stores, but it still works on phones that had previously downloads it. However, some fans expressed their relief that the game was gone. One user described Flappy Bird as “ an addictive game that everyone hates to love” while another said, “I think it’s for the best, and for the best of all the broken –down phones out there.

　　1. Dong Nguyen took Flappy Bird down because________

　　A. it was against the law

　　B. it was easily destroyed

　　C. it disturbed his normal life.

　　D it could break down phones.

　　2.What can we learn about Dong Nguyen from the text? A. He is addicted to playing games. B. He likes to make games by himself. C. He earned a lot by selling Flappy Bird. D. He rose to fame after removing his game.

　　3. What were the users' reactions to Dong Nguyen's removing the game? A. Some felt happy and relaxed. B. Some got so angry that they accused him. C. Some regretted they couldn't keep the bird in flight. D. Some asked social media to help develop another game.

　　4. What would be the title for this text? A. Flappy Bird-A Mobile Game B. Flappy Bird-A Computer Game C. Dong Nguyen - A Game Creator D. Dong Nguyen - A Talented Person

　　参考答案1—4、CBAA