2016届天津市宁河县高考英语阅读理解训练（12）（含解析）

　　阅读理解

　　Most American students go to traditional public schools. There are about 88, 000 public schools all over the US. Some students attend about 3000 independent public schools called charter schools．

　　Charter schools are self-governing. Private companies operate some charter schools.

　　They are similar in some ways to traditional public schools. They receive tax money just as other public schools do. Charter schools must prove to local or state governments that their students are learning. These governments provide the schools with the agreement called a charter that permits them to operate．

　　Charter schools are different because they do not have to obey most laws governing traditional public schools. Local, state, or federal governments cannot tell them what to teach．Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach them. Class size is usually smaller than that in traditional public schools．

　　The Bush Administration strongly supports charter schools as a way to re-organize public schools that are failing to educate students. But some education agencies and unions oppose charter schools. One teachers' union has just made public the results of the first national study comparing the progress of students in traditional schools and charter schools．

　　The American Federation of Teachers criticizes the government's delay in releasing the results of the study, which is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Union education experts say the study shows that charter school students perform worse on math and reading tests than students in regular public schools．

　　Some experts say the study is not a fair look at charter schools because students in those schools have more problems than students in traditional schools．Other education experts say the study results should make charter school officials demand improved student progress．

　　6. If a private company wants to operate a charter school, it must_______．

　　A. try new methods of teaching

　　B. get the government's permission

　　C. obey the local and state laws

　　D. prove its management ability

　　7. Charter schools are independent because_______．

　　A. they make greater progress

　　B. their class size is smaller

　　C. they enjoy more freedom

　　D. they oppose traditional ways

　　8. What's the government's attitude toward charter schools?

　　A. Doubtful．

　　B. Optimistic

　　C. Supportive．

　　D. Subjective．

　　. What can we learn from the text?

　　A. More students choose to attend charter schools．

　　B. Charter schools are better than traditional schools．

　　C. Students in charter schools are well educated．

　　D. People have different opinions about charter schools．

　　. It can be inferred from the text that _______.

　　A. charter schools are part of the public education system

　　B. one-on-one attention should be paid to students

　　C. the number of charter schools will be limited

　　D. charter schools are all privately financed

　　【参考答案】6—10、BCCDA

　　阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　It takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition. Have you ever wondered what these successful athletes eat to stay in peak shape?

　　Keri Glassman, a registered dietitian and founder of Nutritious Life Meals, appeared on “Good Morning America” today to give you a glimpse into the diets of some top athletes. Some of their meals could surprise you.

　　Crazy Calorie Count

　　Glassman said Olympians eat a lot of food- quantities that for ordinary people would constitute pigging out.One secret of swimmer Michael Phelps’ astonishing performance in the 2008Olympics in Beijing was consuming as many as 12,00 calories in one day.

　　Athletes can eat like this and not gain any weight because their workouts are intense. According to Glassman, Phelps’ workouts can burn 4,000 to 6,000 calories in a day, and those calories must be added in order to train the following day.

　　Snacking Secrets

　　Some athletes eat strange foods that improve their performance. Yohan Blake, the Jamaica sprinter and 100-meter world champion, has stolen champion sprinter Usain Bolt’s thunder on the track during the Olympic trials, Asked about how he gets his energy. Blake answered that he eats 16 bananas per day ,Glassman said.

　　Jonathan Horton, the lead gymnast on the Us team, has a blood sugar problem. His solution is honey. When he starts to feel shaky at the gym, he takes honey to boost his energy, Classman said.

　　Foods for Recovery

　　What are the best foods to help the body recover after harsh competition?

　　For Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte, the recovery meal is grilled chicken breasts with Alfredo sauce, whole-grain spaghetti and a salad with lemon juice and olive oil. Lochte, who recently cut out junk food, candy and soda, has undertaken a strength-training regimen(养生法)that involves flipping tractor tires, and tossing beer kegs, Glassman said.

　　56.What’s the best title of this passage?

　　A.Good Diet Makes a True Olympian.

　　B.Olympians Have Olympic-size Appetites.

　　C.Olympians’Strange Eating Habits.

　　D.The Diest of Some Top Olympic Athletes.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】第一段是中心段落。成为奥运选手不仅仅需要锻炼，获得金牌还需要营养。

　　57.What does the underlined sentence probably mean?

　　A.Ordinary people eat few pigs compared with Olympians.

　　B.Olympians eat a lot more food than ordinary people.

　　C.Olympians tend to eat a lot of high-quality food.

　　D.Olympians eat a large amount of food, just like pigs.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】前一句说奥运选手吃很多食物。划线部分在破折号之后， 是对前面话语的补充。

　　58.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A.Ryan Lochte quit eating junk food , candy and soda for his better recovery.

　　B.Yohan Blake finally beat Usain Bolt in the 100-meter track in the Olympics.

　　C.Michael Phelps’astonishing performance was due to his eating lots of food.

　　D.Jonathan Horton has a blood sugar problem because of taking too much honey.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】根据最后一段，最后一句可知A正确。

　　59.Which of the following is not the best food to help the body recover?

　　A.Soda.

　　B.Olive oil.

　　C.Whole-grain spaghetti.

　　D. A salad with lemon juice.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】从最后一段最后一句可以得知Lochte为了恢复砍掉了junk food, candy and soda，可知，soda不是最好的帮助身体恢复的食物。

　　60.The passage is most likely to be found in

　　.

　　A.a technical report

　　B.a fashion magazine

　　C.an education column

　　D.a sports newspaper

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】本文说的是运动员与饮食，所以这篇文章可能出现在报纸的体育版面。

　　The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment （预担的义务）, self-improvement.Ask a bachelor（单身汉） why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.16. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ________ .　 A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities

　　B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC. he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement

　　17. Raising children, in the author’s opinion is ________ .　

　　A. a moral duty

　　B. a thankless job

　　C. a rewarding task

　　D. a source of inevitable pain18. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from （源于）________ .　 A. hatred　

　　B. misunderstanding

　　C. prejudiceD. ignorance19. To understand what true happiness is one must ________ .　

　　A. have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime

　　B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain　

　　C. put up with pain under all circumstances

　　D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun20. What is the author trying to tell us?　

　　A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.

　　B. One must know how to attain happiness.　

　　C. It is important to make commitments.

　　D. It is pain that leads to happiness

　　【参考答案16--20】ACBDA

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　    I used to watch her from my kitchen window. She seemed so small as she muscled her way through the crowd of boys on the playground. The school was across the street from our home and I would often watch the kids as they played during break. I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids. She managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could. I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone.

　　One day I asked her why she practiced so much. Without a moment of hesitation she said, “I want to go to college. The only way I can go is to get a scholarship. I am going to play college basketball. I want to be the best. My Daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.” Well, I had to give it to her—she was determined. I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her school team to victory.

　　One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head in her arms. I walked across the street and sat down in the cool grass beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong. “Oh, nothing,” came a soft reply, “I am just too short.” The coach told her that at 5’5” she would probably never get to play for a top ranked team—much less offered a scholarship—so she should stop dreaming about college. She was heartbroken and I felt my own throat tighten as I sensed her disappointment. I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She told me that her father said those coaches were wrong. They just did not understand the power of a dream. He told her that if she truly wanted a scholarship and that nothing could stop her except one thing — her own attitude.

　　The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was offered a scholarship and on the college team. She was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of.

　　1. The author was probably the girl’s

　　.

　　A. brother or sister

　　B. friend

　　C. mother

　　D. teacher

　　2. Why was the girl heartbroken ?

　　A. She was considered too short to be a top player.

　　B. Her coach stopped her training because of her height.

　　C. She couldn’t be on a college basketball team.

　　D. She wouldn’t be admitted by an ideal college.

　　3. We can learn from the passage that

　　.

　　A. her family wouldn’t like to pay her college fee

　　B. her father forced her to play basketball in collage

　　C. being a top basketball player can win you a scholarship for college

　　D. she wouldn’t like to turn to his father for help when in difficulty

　　4. Which word can best describe her father ?

　　A. Encouraging.

　　B. Optimistic.

　　C. Stubborn.

　　D. Cruel.

　　5. Which proverb best matches the story ?

　　A. Practice makes perfect.

　　B. Rome was not built in a day.

　　C. Where there is a will, there is a way.

　　D. Pride comes before a fall.

　　【参考答案】1—5、CACAC

　　阅读理解-------B

　　Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean desk--but it seems that in terms of productivity, they could have it all wrong. A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany.

　　The researchers found in a series of linked studies- using a messy desk and a messy shop front ---that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand. That is ,visual and mental clutter（杂乱）forces human beings to focus and think more clearly. For instance, famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious for their untidy desks.

　　“Messy desks may not be as detrimental as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can boost work efficiency or emhance employees’ creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.

　　Oddly, the effect seems to work most on conservatives-political liberals are less liable to be worried about mess in the first place, say the researchers.

　　“Business and government managers often promote ‘clean desk’ policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity.” Writes a researcher, Jia Liu of the University of Groningen, “This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one’s mind and complicate one’s judgments”

　　“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind”. The scientists tested people’s response in various’messy’environments, including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task’reminded’people of messiness.

　　The authors found in the series of six studies that people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.

　　“They categorized products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that depicts a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices”, said the researchers.

　　61.According to the text, a proper way to lead people towards clearer thinking is to

　　.

　　A.make a list of priorities

　　B.simplify the tasks at hand

　　C.follow famous people

　　D.mess up their mind

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】根据第二段第一句可知

　　当四周混乱的时候，他们的思维更清晰。因为他们试图简化手头的工作。

　　62.Why did the author take Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl for example?

　　A.To tell readers untidy desks can make you as famous as celebrities.

　　B.To convince readers that untidiness is not all that bad.

　　C.To inform readers of one way to success-untidy desks.

　　D.To attract readers and show the author’s wide range of knowledge.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】第二段倒数第二句“视觉上和精神上的杂乱迫使人们集中注意力思维更清晰”；最后一句接着举了Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl的例子，就是为了说明上一句的。

　　63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A.A messy environment will certainly lead to a messy mind.

　　B.A clean environment will do great harm to work efficiency.

　　C.People tend to clear up the mess before thinking clearly.

　　D.All people are not in favor of “clean desk” in the office.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】D项的意思是“并不是所有人都赞成办公室里清洁的桌子”。可从倒数第三段东一句可知。

　　64.The underlined word “detrimental” probably means

　　.

　　A.disadvantageous

　　B.useful

　　C.beneficial

　　D.accessible

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】根据下句可知“。。。他们导致的解决问题的方法能够促进工作效率”。所以第一句的意思是“杂乱的桌子看上去似乎不想他们看上去那么有害的”

　　65.What is the main idea for this passage?

　　A.The messier the desks are, the more efficient the employees are.

　　B.Messy desks in the office can have a positive effect on employees.

　　C.We should make our office messy to improve our work efficiency.

　　D.Clean desks can boost the employees’ productivity and creativity.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】第一段最后一句可知。