山东省泰安市岱岳区徂徕镇第一中学2016英语二轮专题复习经典导学案（116）

　　The international company intended to establish several branches in different regions, so it would employ some mechanics, engineers, carpenters, accountants, professors, secretaries, lawyers, salesmen and architects.

　　这家跨国公司计划在不同地区设立分店，所以将招聘一些机械工、工程师、会计、教授、秘书、律师、销售员和建筑师。

　　基础词汇强化练习

　　1.The news of this death soon spread over the country and c________ great sorrow.

　　2.I just got a rise, so money is no longer an i_________ .

　　3.The entrance door gives a __________ to the living-room.

　　4.Why on e_________ would you want to go to such a place.

　　5.We are e___________ busy today.

　　6.He c___________ many unforgetable characters in his novels.

　　7.Selfish people will not live in h___________ with each other.

　　8.There is a c_________ that the child will get well.

　　9.They were all deeply a_________ by the news of her death.

　　10.He a__________ us not to smoke again, but it is hard to do so.

　　1.caused

　　2.issue

　　3.access

　　4.earth

　　5.especially

　　6.created

　　7.harmony

　　8.chance

　　9.affected

　　10.advised

　　书面表达经典句式强化记忆

　　49. keep sb/sth from doing/being done

　　不使人做某事，不要做某事

　　His advice kept me from making a serious mistake.

　　他的建议使我没有犯严重的错误。

　　keep doing

　　He kept standing in the street.

　　他继续站在街上。

　　keep on doing sth.

　　He kept on reading these words over and over.

　　他继续不断地重复这些话。

　　50. inform

　　inform sb. of/about sth. 通知（某人），告知，报告

　　I informed her mother of/about her safe arrival.

　　我通知她母亲她已平安到达。

　　Inform sb.that 从句

　　Her mother was informed that her daughter had arrived safe. 她母亲被告知她的女儿已平安到达。

　　Computer keeps us informed of what is happening at home and abroad. 电脑使我们不断了解国内和国外发生得事情。

　　51.Generally/Strictly/Properly/Frankly/ speaking

　　Frankly speaking, the result of the experiment is far from satisfactory. 坦率地说，实验的结果一点也不令人满意。

　　Judging from/by her accent, she must be from Scotland. 从她的口音来判断，她一定是苏格兰人。

　　Talking of/Speaking of raising pets in the downtown areas, different people hold the different opinions. 谈到闹市区饲养宠物的问题时，不同的人有不同的看法。

　　Considering (that) he didn’t study, he did well in the test. 考虑到他没用功，他考得还算不错。

　　To tell you the truth/ To be frank/ To be honest/ To begin with

　　To tell you the truth, we don’t like your idea. 说句实话，我们不喜欢你的主意。

　　Believe it or not，he is lying. 信不信由你, 他在说谎。

　　书面表达经典朗读素材

　　Our School-Full of Love-我们学校充满爱On April20, after two classes in the morning, the broadcasting station of our school went on the air. The announcer told us the sad news that a student named Tong Kai in Junior2 needed a kidney transplant. It would cost one hundred thousand yuan. It was impossible for his family to pay so much money, but Tong was critically ill, so the Student Union called on everyone to do something to help Tong Kai.

　　The news soon spread over the campus. Everyone was anxious about his illness. From that day on, the teachers and students began to contribute money to help him. We were not rich, but all of us were generous contributors. The teachers donated part of their salaries. Many students helped Tong with their pocket money. Li Bin, a student in Junior 2, contributed eighty yuan. He said,“The money we have contributed is not enough for Tong's operation, but we have done what we can. We all hope that Tong Kai will get well soon and come back to study with us.”His simple words expressed our deep affection. In only three days the Student Union received ten thousand yuan in all.

　　With the help of many schoolmates, teachers and other kind people, Tong got enough money and was operated on successfully. He said,“I thought I was the most unlucky person in the world, but now I think just the opposite. I live with the care and love of thousands of kind people. I'll face life bravely.”While saying these words, he couldn't keep back his tears. What a warm big family our school is!

　　经典谚语积累

　　It is hard to please all.

　　众口难调。如何突破写作，获得高分，成为广大师生关注的问题。下面我就写作中如何运用高级表达提出以下几点，供广大师生参考。

　　1.使用复合句

　　复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来，从而使表达显得高级。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下列几种：

　　(1) 定语从句

　　Mary is a girl in Class 1. She speaks English very fluently.

　　→ Mary is a girl in Class1, who speaks English very fluently.

　　(2) 状语从句

　　The doctor arrived there in time. The boy was saved. It was not too late.

　　→ The boy was saved because the doctor arrived there before it was too late.

　　(3) 名词性从句(包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)

　　Xiao Ming was always late for school. His teacher didn’t know why.

　　→ His teacher didn’t know why Xiao Ming was always late for school.

　　如果考生驾驭句子的能力较强，则还可以恰当使用复杂的复合句（就是从句中还包含从句）。例如：

　　I want to know whether you want to meet Miss Tang when she comes back from Japan, where she works as an engineer. (本句包含3个从句)

　　2.使用某些惯用句型

　　写作中如果能恰当运用英语中某些常见的惯用句型，可以使文章显得富有“洋味”。例如：

　　   (1) The boy was so brave that he led the enemy into our ring of encirclement (包围).(so…that… 句型)

　　   (2) So brave was the boy that he led the enemy into our ring of encirclement (包围). （倒装结构）

　　(3) I did not realize the importance of learning English well until then.（not…until…）

　　   (4) Not until then did I realize the importance of learning English well.(not until的倒装句)

　　   (5) It was not until then that I realized the importance of learning English well.（强调句）

　　3.使用高级词汇

　　巧用习语(idiom)

　　英语中有大量习语，如果运用得当，则可大大增加文章的感染力。考生要在平时的学习过程中不断积累。例如：

　　  What she explained doesn’t hold water. 她的解释站不住脚。

　　  Many families struggle to make ends meet. 很多家庭只能勉强维持生计。

　　  I don’t know why she is always in low spirits. 我不知道她为什么总是情绪低落。

　　  He turned a deaf ear to what I said. 他对我的话一点也听不进去。

　　  This sentence doesn’t make sense. 这个句子讲不通。

　　用短语代替单词

　　英语中同义词众多，在表达的时候，尽量用短语代替单个的词。例如：

　　I have made up my mind to study English better this term. (同义词：decide)

　　I have no idea how to enlarge my vocabulary. (同义词：don’t know)

　　A burning cigarette end resulted in/led to the big fire. (同义词：cause)

　　Since my childhood I have been fond of music. (同义词：like)

　　We will take the matter into account(consideration). (同义词：consider)

　　善用小词

　　在写作中巧用、活用某些小词，常常会起到画龙点睛、四两拨千斤的作用。

　　动词：see, find , have, take, get, strike, run, cover, fail, go, make, manage, keep, stay, do(行，可以), help(有用), work(起作用), count, etc. 例如：

　　  2005 saw the successful launch of Shenzhou VI in China.

　　②  China has a history of more than 5,000 years.

　　③  Saddam Hussin got hanged on the 30th of December, 2006.

　　④  How does Shenzhen strike you?

　　⑤  I have to earn more than 6,000 yuan if I want to cover my expenses in Shenzhen.

　　⑥  When I received the news that I got the first place, words failed me.

　　⑦  This is how the story goes.

　　⑧ After a few years’ training, she made an excellent teacher.

　　⑨  Mary’s mother asked her to seize time to go over her lessons for the final exam, but it didn’t help.

　　⑩  It is the ability to do the job well that counts.

　　• 名词、形容词、副词、介词等：a must, a hit, a success, a better/best choice/seller, arrival, stay, top, new, pretty(相当地), terribly, badly, in(时尚的), out(过时的)，beyond, under, on display/on second thought(s), at the news of/at the sight of, etc. 例如：

　　  English is a must for us.

　　②  Of all the 2006 films Zhang Yimou’s Curse of the Golden Flower(满城尽带黄金甲) was the best seller.

　　  I made lots of friends during my stay in France.

　　④  Wendy Wang must be one of the top students in our school.

　　⑤  This kind of work is quite new to me.

　　⑥  I am going to find a nice apartment pretty soon.

　　⑦  Doctors were badly needed in that area after the flood.

　　⑧ Short skirts are in again.

　　⑨  His lecture is beyond my understanding.

　　⑩ Shenzhen Metro Line 3 is still under construction.

　　4.使用名词表达动词意义

　　His failure in the exam again made his mother very worried.

　　② On arrival home I found the front door open.

　　③ Living near the airport may lead to people’s loss of hearing.

　　④ No one can enter the office without permission.

　　⑤ The railway line is still under construction.

　　5.使用形容词（短语）做状语或者使用非谓语动词结构等

　　They returned home, safe and sound.

　　② Full of fear, I walked in the darkness.

　　③While walking along the streets I met Jane.

　　④ We started out very early in order to catch the first early bus.

　　⑤ I arrived home, really exhausted.

　　6.使用表示过渡的连接词

　　高考“基础写作”的评分标准中特别强调句子间的连贯性。之所以把衔接和连贯作为重要标准来要求，是因为衔接和连贯是构成语篇的最基本条件。常用的连接词有：and, but, so, besides, morever, what’s more, what’s worse, in addition, however, therefore, suddenly, finally, while, also, too, thus, yet等等。例如：

　　He thought he understood the problem; however, he was mistaken.

　　② They cost a lot of money; thus you should use them carefully.

　　③ I don’t like the dress; moreover, it’s too expensive.

　　④ I was late for the film; what was worse, I left my ticket at home.

　　7.使用比喻、拟人等修辞手法

　　比喻性结构新鲜活泼，形象具体，能给读者留下较深刻的印象，具有强大的感染力。例如：

　　The Great Wall runs across China like a huge dragon.

　　② To finish the work ahead of time, I have been as busy as a bee recently.

　　③ He is a lucky dog.

　　.使用英语中的谚语

　　和汉语一样，英语中也有大量谚语。若能在写作中恰当运用，会给文章增色不少。现例举几条励志类的谚语。

　　Where there is a will, there is a way.

　　② Time and tide wait for no man.

　　③ Practice makes perfect.

　　④ A lazy youth, a lousy age.

　　⑤ Well begun is half done.

　　⑥  No pains, no gains.

　　⑦ Look before you leap.

　　⑧  It is never too old to learn.

　　⑨  Failure is the mother of success.

　　⑩ He who laughs last laughs best.

　　高考考纲词汇记忆

　　重点单词absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 不在，

　　absent [ˈæbsənt] a. 缺席，

　　absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] a. 完全，全部，绝对的

　　absorb [əbˈsɔːb] v. 吸收，使全神贯注

　　abstract [ˈæbstrækt] a./ n. 抽象的（作品）absurd [əbˈsɜːd] a.荒谬的，怪诞不经的

　　abundant [əˈbʌndənt] a.大量,丰盛的,充裕的

　　abuse [əˈbjuːz] v.（酗酒）滥用,虐待,恶语

　　academic [ækəˈdemɪk] a. / n. 学术的，教学的

　　academy [əˈkædəmɪ] n.专科学院,（美）私立学校

　　accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] v.（使）加速，加快

　　accent [ˈæksənt] n. ，

　　accept [əkˈsept] vt. 接受

　　access [ˈækses] n. / v. 通道，入径，存取（计算机文件）

　　accessible [əkˈsesɪb(ə)l] a. 可到达的，可接受的，易相处的）

　　accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n. ，

　　accommodation [əkɔməˈdeɪʃ(ə)n] n.住宿，膳宿

　　appearance [əˈpɪərəns] n. ，；

　　appendix [əˈpendɪks]n. 附录，阑尾

　　appetite [ˈæpɪtaɪt] n. 食欲，胃口

　　applaud [əˈplɔːd] v. / n. 鼓掌,赞许,赞赏

　　apple [ˈæp(ə)l] n.

　　applicant [ˈæplɪkənt] n. 申请人

　　application [æplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 申请

　　apply [əˈplaɪ]v. 申请

　　appoint [əˈpɔɪnt] v. 任命，委任，安排，确定（时间，地点）

　　appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n.

　　appreciate [əˈpriːʃɪeɪt] v. 欣赏；

　　appreciation [əpriːʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 欣赏,鉴定,评估

　　approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n. / v. 靠近，接近，建议，要求

　　appropriate [əˈprəʊprɪət] a. 合适的，恰当的

　　approve [əˈpruːv] v.赞成,同意,批准,通过

　　approximately [əprɔksɪˈmətlɪ] ad.近似，大约

　　apron [ˈeɪprən] n. （机场的）停机坪

　　arbitrary [ˈɑːbɪtrərɪ; (US) ˈɑːrbɪtrerɪ] a. 随心所欲的，独裁的，专断的

　　arch [ɑːtʃ] n. 拱，拱门

　　architect [ˈɑːkɪtekt] n. 建筑师，设计师

　　architecture [ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)] n.建筑学，建筑设计，风格April [ˈeɪpr(ə)l] n. 4

　　Arab [ˈærəb] * a. 阿拉伯的 n. 阿拉伯人

　　Arabic [ˈærəbɪk] a. 阿拉伯语的 n. 阿拉伯语

　　Arctic [ˈɑːktɪk] a. 北极的

　　the Arctic [ˈɑːktɪk] 北极

　　the Arctic Ocean [ˈɑːktɪk ˈəʊʃ(ə)n] 北冰洋

　　are [ɑː(r)] v.(be) 是

　　area [ˈeərɪə] n. ；，，；，

　　argue [ˈɑːɡjuː]vi. 争辩，

　　argument [ˈɑːɡjʊmənt] n. 争论，重点短语

　　nothing but 只不过 now and then时而，不时 now that 既然，由于 no matter + what-word 不管…；无论… no/none other than正是…；恰恰是 no wonder 难怪；不足为奇 not nearly 远非；远不及；相差很远 not to mention/speak of 更不用说；of course 自然，当然，无疑 of itself 自动(到来) of one's own 属于某人自己的 off duty 下班 on duty 值班 object to 反对；抗议；不支持 sth occur to sb突然想到(一个主意等) on a large/small scale 大/小规模，批量 on account of 因为 on (an/the) average 平均；平均说来 on behalf of 代表某人；以某人名义 on condition that在…的条件下；只要…就 on earth 究竟；到底；全然，； on end 竖立着；立；连续不断 on guard/the watch 值班警戒；密切注视  on display展出 on earth 在世界上；究竟，到底 on fire 在燃烧，火；(喻)激动，灵感迸发 on foot步行；在进行中 on guard(against)警惕..站岗，值班 on hand现有；在手边；临近 on no account 决不 on one's own  独自地；主动地 on second thoughts  经重新考虑后 on the grounds of  以…为理由；根据 on time按时，准时 on top of  在…之上；除…之外 on purpose 故意；意欲 on sale 出售；上市；廉价出售 for sale出售(尤指私房，私车等