【新人教版】2014年高考英语要点梳理+重点突破：选修8 Unit 4　《Pygmalion》

　　选修8　 Unit 4　Pygmalion

　　要 点 梳 理

　　高效梳理·知识备考

　　●重点单词

　　1．adaptation n(性)；改编本→adapt vt.改编，()适应 2．whistle vi.n.口哨声；汽笛声 3．hesitate vi.hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇 4．outcome n5．brilliant adj.6．classify vt.classification n．分类；归类

　　7．remark n vt. & vi.谈论；评论；说起 8．condemn vt.9．acquaintance n，，10．fortune n11．status n12．superior adj.， n．上级；长官

　　13．rob vt.robbery n．抢劫(行为) 14．antique adj.(因古老、)珍贵的 n．文物；古董；古玩 15．shabby adj.16．compromise n. & vi.17．horrible adj.horror n．恐怖 18．disgusting adj.disgust vt.厌恶，

　　19．overlook vt.20．fade vi. & vt.()褪色；减弱；逐渐消失

　　●重点短语

　　1．pass...off as...(把某人)改变或冒充成…… 2．make ones acquaintance

　　结识；与……相见 3．in amazement

　　，4．generally speaking

　　5．in terms of...

　　，6．rob sb. of sth.

　　7．show...in

　　/领……进来 8．once more

　　9．in need of

　　10．fade out

　　(、)逐渐模糊；渐淡

　　●重点句型

　　1．While watching, he makes notes.。2．Will that be of any use to you3．It‘s raining heavily now, isn’t it? ，4．But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.。

　　5．But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador‘s garden party.，，()一旦被教授正确的语言方式，。

　　(2007·全国Ⅱ) 一家宾馆新开业，，，。

　　1．500米； 2．(共20间),100元/天； 双人间(共15间),150元/天； 热水淋浴； 3．(中、)，(茶、)； 4．5．。

　　1.词数100左右，开头语已为你写好； 2．

　　Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel Baishan_Mountain_Hotel_is_now_open_for_business. ________________________________________________________________________

　　[范文]

　　Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel Baishan_Mountain_Hotel_is_now_open_for_business. Our hotel stands 500 meters away from the entrance to Baishan Mountain. It has 20 single rooms and 15 double

　　rooms, all with hot showers. A single room is 100 yuan and a double room 150 yuan for one night. You are advised to book in advance. The hotel serves three meals a day and there are Chinese food and western food for you to choose from. You can also enjoy yourself at the café drinking tea or coffee in the evening. We also have a swimming pool, which is open all day and free of charge.

　　All are welcome!

　　考 点 探 究

　　互动探究·能力备考

　　Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 1．hesitate vi. hesitant adj. 犹豫的；踌躇的；迟疑的 hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫 hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事 hesitate about/at/in/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地

　　[即学即练1](1)Don’t ___________________ that. Do it at once. 对于那件事不要再犹豫，。(2)In case you need something, please don‘t __________________ me. 如果你需要什么东西，，。

　　hesitate to ask

　　(3)He __________________ is lost. [谚]当断不断，。(4)______________________， he jumped into the river to save the drowning child.。

　　Without any hesitation

　　2．classify vt. classify sth. by/according to 根据……分类 classify sb./sth. as 把某人/物归入……类；分等级 classify sb./sth. in/into... 把某人/某物归为……类

　　[即学即练2](1)Zoologists ____________ them ____________ the structure of their bodies. 动物学家按它们的身体结构进行分类。(2)Eggs can __________________ their size. 鸡蛋可按大小分类。

　　according to

　　be classified by

　　(3)Would you _____________ her novels ______ serious literature or other？你认为她的小说属于文学类，

　　classify

　　as

　　3．remark v. & nremark on/upon...对……发表看法；评论…… remark that...说；评论说；注意到…… make(some) remarks on/upon...对……评论；评论……

　　[即学即练3](1)It’s rude to ____________ others’ appearance.议论别人的相貌是不礼貌的。(2)He _________________ it was getting dark. 他说天色已晚。(3)The speaker restricted his __________ to the proposal. 主讲者将他的评论限制在计划的范围内。

　　remarked that

　　remarks

　　4．betray vt. (本来面目)，背叛，泄露(机密) betrayal n. 背叛，出卖，泄露 betray sb. (to sb.) (向……)出卖…… betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密 betray one‘s trust 辜负某人的信任 betray oneself 暴露本来面目，

　　[即学即练4](1)His accent ____________ the fact that he was a foreigner.他的口音显露出他是外国人。(2)He ____________ the state secrets ______ the enemy. 他向敌人泄露了国家机密。

　　betrayed

　　to

　　5．condemn vt. condemn sb. sth. for/as sth. 由于……而谴责某人 to sth. 把(某人)逼入(某种状态) to do sth. (某人)注定要…… condemn sb.’s behaviour 谴责某人的举动 be condemned to

　　被宣告……

　　[即学即练5](1)The editor of the newspaper ________________________ lacking integrity. 这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。(2)He was found guilty and ________________________. 他被判有罪处以枪决。(3)The meat __________________ unfit for human consumption. 这种肉已不适合人们食用。

　　condemned to be shot

　　was condemned as

　　(4)As an old person, one is often __________________

　　alone. 老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。

　　6．acquaintance n. [C][U]认识，有交情；了解 have acquaintance with sb. 与……认识，have acquaintance with sth. 对……了解 make sb.‘s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb. 与某人初次相见、on first acquaintance 初次相见时

　　[即学即练6](1)I ________________________ at a party. 我是在一个聚会上认识他的。(2)He has some little ____________________ the English language. 他稍微会一点儿英语。

　　acquaintance with

　　7．superior adj. n. 上级，长官 be superior to sb./sth. 在品质、、be inferior to 低于 be senior to 比……年长(资深) be junior to 比……年轻(资浅)

　　[即学即练7](1)Show respect for ________________. 对我们的上级要尊敬。(2)His knowledge of French literature __________________ mine.他在法国文学方面比我强。

　　is superior to

　　(3)They __________________ number ______ us. 他们在数量上超过我们。

　　to

　　提示：以上这些词表达比较含义，常与 to连用，而不与 than连用。

　　8．overlook vt. [即学即练8](1)The house on the hill ______________________.小山上的房子俯瞰着山谷。(2)He ______________________________ on the first page. 他没有看出第一页中有个拼写错误。(3)I'll ________________________ this time. 这次我会原谅你的过失。

　　overlooked a spelling error

　　overlook your mistake

　　辨析：overlook/ignore/neglect/omit overlook 指应该注意而未注意，意为“忽视”。 ignore 含有主动意味，侧重“不理睬”。 neglect 侧重因没看到或没考虑全面而“忽视”。 omit “遗漏，忽略，忘记”，指由于疏忽而忘记，也可表示因不利或不好而被忽略等。

　　9．in terms of in terms of＝with regard to, according to, in the light of come to terms 和解；妥协；让步 come to terms with 甘心忍受 be on good/bad terms with 与……关系很好(坏) in the long/short term 从长远(眼前)来看

　　[即学即练9](1)It is difficult to express it __________________ science. 要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。(2)The figures are expressed __________________ a percentage.那些数字是以百分数表示的。 (3)_________________ money, her loss was small.，。

　　in terms of

　　In terms of

　　10．show...in.../领……进来 show sb. out领某人出去 show sb. into领某人进入…… show sb. around/round...领某人参观…… show sb. to the door送某人到门口 show off炫耀 show up出席，on show在展出

　　[即学即练10](1)The nurse ____________ me ______ the room. 护士把我领进了房间。(2)I ___________ the foreigners ______ our school. 我领着外国人参观了我们的学校。(3)Why didn’t you ________________ last night? 昨晚你为什么没到场？

　　showed

　　into

　　showed

　　around

　　show up

　　11．fade out()逐渐模糊；渐淡 fade away消失，fade in淡入；渐渐显示出；使渐强(指电影、) fade up渐强(指电视、) die away指(声音)逐渐消逝 die down指(声音)逐渐减弱，

　　[即学即练11](1)The sound had ____________ /___________.声音已逐渐消失了。(2)It was dark and the noise ____________. 天黑了，。(3)The shapes ___________ into the night. 那些影子消失在夜色中。

　　faded out

　　died down

　　faded away

　　Ⅱ.重点句型详解

　　1．It‘s raining heavily now, isn’t_it?，

　　(1)反意疑问句一般结构：“肯定陈述句＋否定的附加问句”和“否定陈述句＋肯定的附加问句”。The clock is slow, isn‘t it? 这钟慢了，We can’t take the book out, can we? 这些书我们不能拿出去，

　　(2)回答这类问题时， yes， no。You are not going out today, are you? 你今天不出去，Yes, I am. (我今天要出去) No, I am not. (我今天不出去) He wasn't there that day, was he? 他那天不在那儿，Yes, he was. (他在) No, he wasn't (他不在)

　　(3)如果陈述部分中含有 no, never, hardly, scarcely, seldom 等词，，。You have no classes tomorrow, have you? 你明天没课，You were hardly twelve then, were you? 你那时几乎不到12岁，

　　(4)当主语为 none, everyone, somecone, no one 等时， he， they。None of the boys can do it, can he? 没有一个男孩子能做这件事，Everyone enjoyed the party, didn‘t they? 每个人都在晚会上玩得高兴，(5)当主语为 nothing, something, anything, everything 等时， it。

　　[1]　I don't think a warm winter always has a negative influence on our life, ______？ A．does it

　　Bdon't I C．hasn't it

　　Ddo I

　　答案：A

　　解析：“I think/suppose/believe＋that 从句”的反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与 that 从句一致。I don't think/suppose/believe that... 属于否定前移现象，因此其反意疑问句用肯定形式。

　　2．But they betray themselves every_time they open their mouths. every time 等表示时间的短语可作为连词用，，the instant, the moment, directly, the day, the year, next time, the first (second, third...) time 等。

　　You‘re welcome to come back any time you want to. 你想什么时候回来，。He called me the first time he came to Nanjing. 第一次来南京时，。Next time you come, you’ll see him. 下次来时，。

　　[2]　Do not stop ______ you come to a word or a phrase you do not know. A．for the first time

　　Bbecause C．every time

　　Dsince

　　答案：C

　　解析：考查 every time “每一次”引导时间状语从句。

　　易 错 点 拨

　　自我完善·误区备考

　　1.acquaintance/friend/companion (1)acquaintance熟人，相识的人；尤指在工作和事业中认识的人。 (2)friend朋友；指关系密切、感情较深者。 (3)companion同伴，伙伴；指共同参加某种活动或在某种情况下同甘共苦的人。

　　[应用1]　(1)a traveling ______________旅伴 (2)a trusted ___________________知已 (3)a nodding ________________点头之交 (4)a ______________ in despair患难之交

　　companion

　　friend

　　acquaintance

　　companion

　　2. 反意疑问句的用法 [应用2]　(1)(2009·上海卷)Sally’s never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, ______？ A．hasnt she

　　B．has she C．isnt she

　　D．is she

　　解析：句中陈述部分是现在完成时的否定句，故反意疑问句选B。

　　(2)(2009·辽宁卷)It’s the first time that he has been to Australia, ______？ A．isnt he

　　B．hasn’t he C．isnt it

　　D．hasn’t it

　　答案：C

　　解析：反意疑问句的构成需依据主句的主语和谓语而定。

　　(3)(2009·河北唐山调研)The women carrying babies, come in first, ______？ A．will you

　　Bwill they C．dont they

　　D．don’t you

　　答案：A

　　解析：该句陈述部分是祈使句，其中The women carrying babies为称呼语，故反意疑问句选A。

　　高 效 作 业

　　自我测评·技能备考

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．He saw the grey summit of the mountain against a b____________ background of the blue sky.2．Later he was for a short time a__________ to France.

　　3．The part of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder is called the u_______ arm.

　　4．If she marries a foreigner, will her s______ as a British citizen be affected?

　　5．I really like the a________ much better than modern art.

　　brilliant　

　　ambassador

　　upper

　　status

　　antique

　　6．The ____________ () of the play for radio was easily done.

　　7．Two men formed a _________ () to rob the bank.

　　8．He did not ________ () to ask her to sit beside him.

　　9．_____________ () financial problems depressed him.

　　10．This book was the __________ () of a tremendous amount of scientific work.

　　adaptation　

　　plot

　　hesitate

　　Troublesome

　　outcome

　　Ⅱ .单项选择

　　1．You didn’t get hurt at all in the traffic accident? －______. I was a lucky dog. A．No problem

　　B．I don’t think so C．Im afraid not

　　D．Good heavens no

　　答案：D

　　解析：考查交际用语的应答。对方确认一下“你在交通事故中一点都没受伤？”根据后面的“我真幸运。(I was a lucky dog.)”可知应用“谢天谢地，没有。(Good heavens no.)”来表示“庆幸”自己没遭遇不幸。

　　2．(2010·)Teaching pronunciation class to a mixed group of learners can ______ a teacher with many challenging problems. A．provide

　　Bproduce C．present

　　Doffer

　　答案：C

　　解析：provide, present, offer都有“提供”的意思。provide意思是“供给(某物)”；present则表示“呈现(某种状况)，使经历”；offer构成offer sb sth或offer sth to sb的结构。结合语意选C。

　　3．Poor education

　　many young people to low－paid jobs. A．caused

　　Bcondemned C．contributed

　　Dconducted

　　答案：B

　　解析：condemn sb. to sth. 使某人注定要……。cause 引起，导致；contribute to贡献于；conduct 领导，引导，指导。

　　4．It was in the United States that I made the ______ of Professor Jones. A．acquaintance

　　Bassociation C．recognition

　　Dacknowledgement

　　答案：A

　　解析：make the acquaintance of sb. “与……相识”。

　　5．Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him ______ other musicians. A．more superior to

　　Bmore superior C．superior to

　　Dsuperior than

　　答案：C

　　解析：superior to “在品质、级别等方面更好”，表示比较意义。

　　6．When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were ______ food and water supplies. A．in need of

　　Bin praise of C．in honour of

　　Din place of

　　答案：A

　　解析：句意为：当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴的人们需要水和食物。

　　7．While ______ as a volunteer at the Beijing Olympics, she made friends with the famous tennis player. A．being served

　　Bserving C．having served

　　Dserved

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查省略句。因为句子的主语和谓语动词serve之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词。

　　8．They took ______ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. A．fruitful

　　Bbeneficial C．efficient

　　Deffective

　　答案：D

　　解析：考查形容词词义。fruitful “有成果的”；beneficial “有益的”；effective “有效的”；efficient 有能力的，有效力的。

　　9．You can not ______ any little point during this important task. A．overtake

　　Boverlook C．overdo

　　Doverdraw

　　答案：B

　　解析：句意：在这项重要的任务中你不能忽视任何一点。overlook 忽视；overtake 赶上，超过；overdo 夸张，过火； overdraw 透支，超支。

　　10．Would you ______ her novels as serious literature or as merely entertainment? A．divide

　　Bclassify C．arrange

　　Dseparate

　　答案：B

　　解析：classify...as... 把……归入……类。divide “分开”，搭配 into；arrange 安排；separate “分开”，搭配 from。

　　11．—How do you know he is an American? —Oh, he ______ himself when he spoke. A．betrayed

　　Bdisplayed C．appeared

　　Dshowed

　　答案：A

　　解析：句意为：他说话时暴露了自己(是美国人)。betray 暴露；display 展示，展现；appear 出现；show显示，展示。

　　12．Though she ______ for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. A．dared

　　Bnerved C．wondered

　　Dhesitated

　　答案：D

　　解析：句意为：虽然她犹豫了一会儿，但最后还是走了进去并且要求看一看橱窗里的那套衣服。

　　13．(2010·)Mrs Black took the police back to ______ place ______ she witnessed the robbery. A．the same; as

　　Bthe same; where C．the same; that

　　Das the same; as

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查复合句。语意：布莱克夫人把警察带到她目击抢劫案发生的那个地方。“where she witnessed the robbery”是定语从句，修饰先行词place, where在从句中作状语。由于定语从句是一个完整的句子，因此需要使用关系副词，而不是关系代词，由此可排除其余选项。

　　14．You think it is uncomfortable to sit on such a hard chair, ______A．don't you

　　Bdo you C．isn't it

　　Dis it

　　答案：C

　　解析：uncomfortable, unfair 等意思是否定，但形式为肯定；而且 you think 是插入语。

　　15．That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it's high time we ______ strong action against him. A．betrayed; take

　　Bhad betrayed; took C．has betrayed; took

　　Dhas betrayed; take

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查动词时态。This/That was (not) the first time 从句中用过去完成时态，It is time (that)从句中用过去时态。

　　Ⅲ .完形填空

　　Nowadays the whole world are worrying about a danger—global warming.In fact this began a long time ago. Yet not all of us seem to realize it.

　　One day around 30 years ago，the nine million citizens of London heard sirens(a loud noise of warning made by a special machine) all over the town. Emergency services, the

　　__1__， the police, doctors and nurses

　　__2__

　　by, ready to go into action. In railway and underground stations, people read posters and

　　__3__， telling them where to go and

　　__4__

　　to do in the emergency.

　　This was Exercise Floodcall. London wasn‘t flooded yet. But it is

　　__5__

　　that it will be.

　　In 1236 and 1663 London was

　　__6__

　　flooded. In 1928, unluckily, quite a

　　__7__

　　people living in Westminster, the heart of London, __8__

　　in floods. And in 1953, 100 people living on the eastern

　　__9__，

　　the London suburbs, were killed again in the floods. At last, the Great London Council(市政厅), is taking actions to

　　__10__

　　this disaster happening again. But the flood __11__

　　were not built until the 1980s. And in the

　　__12__， Londoners must be

　　__13__. When it happens, 50

　　underground stations will be underwater.Electricity，gas and phone services will be out of action.

　　__14__

　　will be impassable.It will be impossible to

　　__15__

　　any of the bridges between North and South London. __16__

　　－London will look like Venice.

　　But Exercise Floodcall didn't cause

　　__17__

　　among Londoners.Most people knew it was just a

　　__18__

　　.One comment from a lady who was

　　__19__

　　along the Embankment when the sirens sounded was, “It's a flood warning, isn't it? The water doesn't look

　　__20__

　　to me.”

　　1．A.soldiers

　　Bfiremen

　　C．engineers

　　Drepairmen 2．A.hurried

　　Bwent

　　C．watched

　　Dstood 3．A.books

　　Bmagazines

　　C．maps

　　Ddictionaries

　　4．A what

　　Bhow

　　C．why

　　Dwhich 5．A.believable

　　Btrue

　　C．natural

　　Dpossible 6．A.easily

　　Bheavily

　　C．strongly

　　Dpoorly 7．A.many

　　Bfew

　　C．lots

　　Dplenty

　　8．A.escaped

　　Bkilled

　　C．survived

　　Ddrowned 9．A.edge

　　Barea

　　C．part

　　Ddistrict 10．A.resist

　　Bkeep

　　C．prevent

　　Dobject 11．A.walls

　　Bchannel

　　C．shelter

　　Dfence

　　12．A.future

　　Bpast

　　C．meantime

　　Dend 13．A.delighted

　　Bprepared

　　C．frightened

　　Dencouraged 14．A.Roads

　　BPower

　　C．Messages

　　DTraffic

　　15．A.see

　　Bpass

　　C．build

　　Dcross 16．A.Guess

　　BRemember

　　C．Consider

　　DImagine 17．A.panic

　　Battention

　　C．notice

　　Dcare 18．A.design

　　Bplan

　　C．warning

　　Djoke

　　19．A.living

　　Bwalking

　　C．working

　　Dstudying 20．A.deep

　　Bhigh

　　C．shallow

　　Dwide

　　答案及解析： 本文讲述了全球越来越多的人所关注的问题——全球气候变暖不是近年才有的，而是由来已久的。 1．A。A。2．D。ready to go into action可以推断出此处选D。。3．C。where to go可知此处选C。

　　4．A。，，，A。5．D。，，D。6．B。flooded，，，B。7．B。，B。

　　8．D。in floods可知此处选D。。9．A。the London suburbs可以推断出此处选A。10．C。happening again可知所填词构成prevent sb/sth(from) doing sth句型，C。

　　11．A。20世纪80年代才建成，A。12．C。in the meantime，C。13．B。。B。14．A。impassible(不能通过的)的意思可知此处选A。

　　15．D。bridge可以推断出此处选D。16．D。，，D。17．A。，A。18．C。It‘s a flood warning, isn’t it？可知此处选C。 19．B。along(沿着)可知此处选B。20．B。flood可知此处选B。

　　.短文改错

　　When I first learned to write in English, I ran into

　　1.____________________________

　　much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought

　　2._________________________

　　in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.

　　3.___________________

　　My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her

　　4.___________________________

　　√

　　much→many

　　anything→everything

　　第二个my→a

　　advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.

　　5._________________________

　　Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was

　　6.____________________

　　learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote

　　7.____________________

　　a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much 8.___________________

　　去掉should

　　talk→talking

　　me→myself

　　to前加it

　　and reads it to the class. All said that the story was

　　9.________________________

　　a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me.

　　10.______________________

　　reads→read

　　word→words