【外研英语，七省专用】2014《走向高考》一轮总复习（2016春出版）第二部分 学生作业手册：必修四4-4

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．Obesity is often thought to be the ________(主要的)cause of heart disease and high blood pressure.

　　2．If a woman is better ________(教育)，she will benefit her family in the future.

　　3．It is the dealer's duty to recommend products of good ________(质量)．

　　4．It's better for the government to attach more importance to the ________(最初的)inventions of all kinds.

　　5．In China the largest part of the population are employed in ________(农业)．

　　6．After ________(毕业)from Berkeley，he worked in an accounting company as a senior advisor.

　　7．Before he was offered the important post，the young man was asked to have a ________(身体的)examination first.

　　8．The engineer was required to make a________(简洁的)introduction to the project he was engaged in.

　　9．With the ________(产量)increasing by 20 percent，the company will have another harvest this year.

　　10．________(诊断)with kidney failure，the young man lost the hope of living on in the world.

　　答案：1.leading　2.educated　3.quality　4.original　5.agriculture　6.graduating　7.physical　8.brief　9.production　10.Diagnosed

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．他希望靠卖饮料来谋生。

　　He hopes to _______________________ drinks.

　　2．由于交通阻塞，他开会迟到了。

　　He was late for the meeting ___________________ a traffic jam.

　　3．他太幸运了，能够从那辆燃烧的汽车中逃出来。

　　He is lucky enough to __________________ the ________ bus.

　　4．济南作为“泉城”因为它的72泉而为我们所知。

　　Jinan is ________________________________ us ________ “Quan City”________ its 72 springs.

　　5．这房间由厨房改成了厕所。

　　The room ______________________________________ a kitchen ________ a lavatory.

　　答案：1.earn his living by selling　2.as a result of　3.escape from; burning　4.known to; as; for　5.was converted from；to

　　Ⅲ.单项填空

　　1．Men usually go ________ to what they want and leave quickly when shopping.

　　A．slight　B．light

　　C．straight

　　D．strict

　　答案：C　考查副词与形容词辨析。A、B、D三项都是形容词，而此处需要的是副词，修饰前面的动词go，所以选C。straight既是形容词也是副词，表示“直直的/地”。

　　2．Gogh and Leonardo da Vinci were known ________ their artistic achievements.

　　A．as B．to

　　C．for

　　D．in

　　答案：C　be known as “作为……而出名”；be known for“因为……而出名”；be known to “为……所知”。句意：梵高和莱奥纳多·达芬奇都是因为他们的艺术成就而出名。

　　3．There's ________ need to ban smoking as ________ result of the great loss it has caused.

　　A．/; a

　　B．a; a

　　C．the; the

　　D．the; a

　　答案：B　考查冠词。there's a need to do sth.“有必要做某事”；as a result of “由于”。

　　4．(2012·银川一中模拟)—Mum, I have finished my homework.

　　—Oh. If you ________ not to disturb me, you can watch TV.

　　A．offer B．support

　　C．guarantee

　　D．want

　　答案：C　句意：——妈妈，我已经完成作业了。——噢，如果你保证不打扰我，你可以看电视。offer“提供”；support“支持”；guarantee“保证”；want“想”。由句意可知选C。

　　5．He ________ his duties next week.

　　A．brings up

　　B．sets up

　　C．picks up D．takes up

　　答案：D　句意：他下周就要开始履行职责。bring up“教育，提出，培养”；set up“建立”；pick up“获得，捡起”；take up“开始从事，占据”。由句意可知选D。

　　6．________Yuan Longping's discoveries，Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990s.

　　A．As a result

　　B．As a result of

　　C．As a consequence

　　D．As consequence of

　　答案：B　考查短语辨析。句意：由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代上升了47.5%。as a result of 由于……的结果；as a result/consequence因此，结果。D项短语不完整，应为as a consequence of“由于；作为……的结果”。

　　7．(北京市西城区2012－2016学年度高三测试)We believe the time and hard work ________ in completing such an important project are worthwhile.

　　A．involving

　　B．involved

　　C．to involve

　　D．having involved

　　答案：B　考查过去分词作定语。involved in意为“涉及到”。句意为：“我们相信涉及到完成如此重要的工程的时间与工作都是值得的。”

　　8．There is no much time left，so I'll tell you about it ________.

　　A．in detail

　　B．in brief

　　C．in short

　　D．in all

　　答案：B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：所剩时间不多了，所以我将简短地告诉你这件事。in detail详细地；in brief简短地；in short总之；in all总共。

　　9．(2012·北京模拟)She got the photos of her son ________ up next to her desk so that she could see them whenever she missed him.

　　A．to pin

　　B．pinning

　　C．being pinned

　　D．pinned

　　答案：D　考查非谓语动词。句意：她将儿子的照片钉在桌边以便于自己想念儿子时能看看这些照片。动词get通常可以用“ get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的形式，其补足语可以是不定式、现在分词或过去分词，根据句子语境，pin与photos之间为被动关系，故要用过去分词。

　　10．What the young man can't ________is that his mum always treats him like a baby.

　　A．support

　　B．undertake

　　C．hold

　　D．bear

　　答案：D　考查动词辨析。句意：令那个年轻人不能忍受的是妈妈总是把他当小孩子看待。support支持；undertake承担，从事，承诺；hold控制，拥有，持有，保留；bear承受，忍受。

　　11．When I was in Beijing last year，I saw the famous pop star ________ in the street.

　　A．by accident

　　B．by change

　　C．by accent

　　D．with chance

　　答案：A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：去年我在北京的时候，我在街上偶然看到了这位著名的流行歌星。by accident偶然地，意外地。

　　12．The solar cell can ________the energy of sunlight into electric energy.

　　A．construct

　　B．convert

　　C．conserve

　　D．convey

　　答案：B　考查动词辨析。句意：太阳能电池能把阳光的能量转化为电能。construct建造，创立；convert转化；转换；conserve保存，节约；convey传递，传达。

　　13．The left­wing party in the country________ in 1992，and since then both the employment and the people's welfare have been improved greatly.

　　A．came to power

　　B．was in power

　　C．come into power

　　D．is in power

　　答案：A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：左翼党派1992年开始在这个国家掌权，从那以后，就业和人们的福利状况已经有了很大提高。come to power开始执政，当权，表示动作，不与时间段短语连用，故A项正确；而was in power表状态；C、D两项时态不对。

　　14．Due to the heavy flood in Thailand，large quantities of supplies ________ in desperate need in the flood­stricken area now.

　　A．is

　　B．are

　　C．has been

　　D．had been

　　答案：B　考查主谓一致。句意：由于泰国境内严重的洪水，洪灾地区目前急需大量物资。“large quantities of＋名词”作主语，句子谓语动词用复数形式，根据句中的时间状语可知，要用一般现在时。故本题正确选项为B。

　　15．—Shall we go to have a picnic in the open air this weekend?

　　—________. I want to relax, for I'm too tired these days.

　　A．Of course we can

　　B．It couldn't be better

　　C．If you like

　　D．It's up to you

　　答案：B　句意：——这个周末我们去户外野餐好吗？——再好不过了，这些天我太累了，想放松一下。It couldn't be better“那再好不过了”，故选B。Of course we can是针对别人的请求所做的肯定回答；If you like“如果你愿意”；It's up to you“由你决定”。

　　Ⅳ.完形填空

　　The famous scientist Albert Einstein died in 1955. His__1__now is in the central state of Kansas of the U．S.. It belongs to a retired(退休的)__2__doctor, Thomas Harvey. __3__did this happen? And why?

　　In the 1950s, Albert Einstein and Thomas Harvey__4__each other when they both lived in Princeton, New Jersey. Einstein was working at Princeton University__5__Doctor Harvey was working at Princeton Hospital. When Einstein died, Doctor Harvey was__6__to examine his body. It was then that he started to study__7__has become a long time examination of Einstein's brain. His goal was to__8__some physical evidence(证据)of the scientist's genius(才华)．

　　Doctor Harvey, __9__， did not tell Einstein's family that he__10__the great man's brain. It was only later__11__the family learned of Doctor Harvey's work. They did not__12__the idea at first. After Doctor Harvey explained his idea to them, they agreed to__13__him to study the brain. Doctor Harvey then asked__14__scientists to help. They cut the brain__15__three pieces. They marked each piece before placing it in containers__16__chemical formaldehyde(甲醛)to protect it. Doctor Harvey has been__17__Einstein's brain since then. He has carried it with him as he moved from place to place. He has also lent parts of the brain to other scientists__18__study.

　　Only one researcher has found something__19__. A doctor at the University of California found that the left part of Einstein's brain has more certain cells(细胞)than__20__. Such cells are known to feed brain. This may mean that the cells could affect intelligence.

　　1．A.body

　　B．heart

　　C．brain

　　D．head

　　答案：C　从后文可知是爱因斯坦的大脑被保存在美国的Kansas州。

　　2．A.actual

　　B．chemical

　　C．natural

　　D．medical

　　答案：D　一个退休的医学博士。

　　3．A.What

　　B．How

　　C．Who

　　D．Which

　　答案：B　这是怎么回事呢？

　　4．A.realized

　　B．recognized

　　C．learned

　　D．knew

　　答案：D　两个人都住在普林斯顿城，因此互相认识。

　　5．A.as

　　B．because

　　C．while

　　D．since

　　答案：C　while表示对比转折，意为“然而”。

　　6．A.called on

　　B．called at

　　C．sent up

　　D．sent off

　　答案：A　call on此处意为“要求(某人做某事)”。

　　7．A.which

　　B．how

　　C．that

　　D．what

　　答案：D　study后是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用连接代词what引导。

　　8．A.invent

　　B．discover

　　C．prove

　　D．examine

　　答案：B　他的目的是从身体方面找出爱因斯坦聪明的证据。

　　9．A.perhaps

　　B．therefore

　　C．thus

　　D．however

　　答案：D　由上下文语境可知此处表示转折关系，故用副词however。

　　10．A.bought

　　B．sold

　　C．kept

　　D．made

　　答案：C　但他并没有告诉爱因斯坦的家人他保存着他的大脑。

　　11．A.that

　　B．when

　　C．before

　　D．after

　　答案：A　强调句型It was...that...。

　　12．A.hear of

　　B．like

　　C．suggest

　　D．offer

　　答案：B　当爱因斯坦的家人知道此事后，开始他们是不认同这个主意的。

　　13．A.promise

　　B．let

　　C．have

　　D．permit

　　答案：D　后来他们同意让他研究爱因斯坦的大脑。

　　14．A.other two

　　B．two other

　　C．more two

　　D．two another

　　答案：B　“另外两个科学家”，用two other scientists或another two scientists。

　　15．A.off

　　B．by

　　C．into

　　D．about

　　答案：C　cut...into three pieces“把……切成三块”。

　　16．A.for

　　B．about

　　C．of

　　D．with

　　答案：D　with此处意为“带有，装有”。

　　17．A.learning

　　B．studying

　　C．searching

　　D．selling

　　答案：B　全文一直在讲“研究”爱因斯坦的大脑。

　　18．A.for

　　B．on

　　C．into

　　D．about

　　答案：A　for study“以供研究”，for表示目的。

　　19．A.easy

　　B．difficult

　　C．particular D．common

　　答案：C　有一个科学家发现了特别的东西。

　　20．A.ever

　　B．enough

　　C．usual

　　D．normal

　　答案：D　某种细胞比正常情况下多一些。

　　Ⅴ.阅读理解

　　Next Halloween，a small vegetable that looks like a pumpkin may appear in a garden near you.The vegetable is a type of pepper that is called“Lil'Pumpkin”．It's very special because it has orange，pumpkin­like fruit.

　　You might think that all vegetables are grown to provide food to eat.But some vegetables are grown mainly for the lively color and holiday spirit that they bring to gardens.These are called “ornamentals(观赏性植物)”．Just like lights decorate a Christmas tree，they decorate a garden.

　　The peppers were bred(培育)by Agricultural Research Service(ARS) scientists John Stommel and Robert Griesbach.Another pepper the scientists developed is called“Pepper Jack”．Because Pepper Jack has orange and black cone­shaped(锥形的)fruit，it might remind you of the popular Halloween treat“candy corn”．

　　Stommel says that vegetable crops such as peppers were first widely grown in Europe in the 15th century.At that time，people liked these crops more because they looked pretty than because they provided food.

　　Back then，when a gardener grew plants for decoration and plants for food，the garden was called a “potager”．An example of this is the large gardens on the lawns(草坪)of castles and very large homes where kings and queens lived.One of those large royal homes was the French king's palace at Versailles during the 1600s.The palace is still there today，and people from all over the world still go there to visit and see the gardens.

　　Today，Stommel says using vegetables as decorations in gardens has become popular again.

　　So you might be wondering，if these peppers are for decoration，can people eat them？Yes，but the fruit from both of these peppers has a sharp taste(kind of like onions)．

　　These peppers are scheduled to become available in mid­2011.These pretty peppers can be grown in containers and also in garden beds.They grow best with plenty of light and warm temperatures，Stommel syas.

　　1．What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A．Different kinds of peppers.

　　B．The history of peppers.

　　C．Peppers with the Halloween spirit.

　　D．Food for the Halloween festival.

　　答案：C　主旨大意题。读文章第1段可知本文主要介绍的是这种外表酷似南瓜的辣椒，而南瓜是万圣节的标志，故答案为C项。

　　2．What do we know about“Lil'Pumpkin”and “Pepper Jack”？

　　A．They are used to decorate Christmas trees.

　　B．They are grown mainly to provide food to eat.

　　C．Their fruits have different shapes.

　　D．Their fruits are the same color.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。第1段中说到了第一种辣椒外表像南瓜，而根据第3段中的“Because Pepper Jack has orange and black cone­shaped”可知第2种辣椒的形状是锥形的，故答案为C项。

　　3．The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 2 refers to “______”．

　　A．these vegetables

　　B．these holidays

　　C．these lights

　　D．these scientists

　　答案：A　词义猜测题。联系本段前面的“But some vegetables are grown mainly for the lively color and holiday spirit that they bring to gardens”可知这里是指那些蔬菜。

　　4．According to the passage，a potager was ________.

　　A．the place where kings and queens lived

　　B．the garden in the French king's palace

　　C．a place providing vegetables for the royal homes

　　D．a garden with plants for decoration and for food

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据第5段的首句Back then，when a gardener grew plants for decoration and plants for food，the garden was called a“potagor”可知答案为D项。