2017高考四川省广安市英语阅读理解一轮系列训练：1（含解析）

　　广安市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列训练（1）

　　阅读理解—推理判断题。

　　Harriet Tubman was an African-American woman who fought against slavery. She was born in 1820. She helped many people escape from slavery through the Underground Railroad. It was an organized effort to help slaves from the southern states to areas that banned slavery.

　　Slaves could be sold freely. Families were often separated. Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman in 1844, yet she remained a slave. In 1849, the farmer who owned her died. Then she ran to the home of a white woman who had offered to help her.

　　This woman told her how to reach another home where she could hide. Harriet Tubman want from place to place in this way. This was how the Underground Railroad operated. Finally, she went into the northern state of Pennsylvania. During the next ten years, she led an expanded Underground Railroad, and helped 300 slaves escape.

　　Harriet Tubman found another way to fight against slavery during the civil War. She went into the southern states to spy(做间谍) for the North. After the Civil War, Harriet Tubman settled in New York State. She gave speeches to raise money for better education for black Americans, worked for women's rights and sought help for older adults who had been slaves.

　　Harriet Tubman died in 1913. By that time, she had been recognized as an American heroine(女英雄).

　　What does the passage mainly tell us?

　　The Underground Railroad.

　　The history of American slavery.

　　Harriet's hard life and bravery.

　　Harriet's fight against slavery.

　　What can be inferred from the passage?

　　The Underground Railroad was a way to freedom.

　　Everyone knew that there was a way to free land.

　　Black people were cared about by many white people.

　　Black people looked down upon white people.

　　From Paragraph 4, we learn that when the Civil War broke out, Harriet

　　Worked for the South

　　Did a lot of work for the patients as a doctor

　　Helped everyone to go to school

　　Got secret information for the North

　　Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　Harriet was recognized as a heroine.

　　Harriet fought against slavery in many ways.

　　Harriet helped only black people in her life.

　　Harriet helped black people to get better education.

　　语篇解读

　　哈丽特·塔布曼是个美籍非洲人，她与奴隶制度勇敢作斗争。她不仅帮助黑人，也为女权工作。

　　D 主旨大意题。第一段第一句是本文谈论的主题，即哈丽特·塔布曼是个美籍非洲人，她与奴录制度勇敢作斗争。

　　A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，黑人奴录通过这条地下通道可以到达没有奴录制度的北方，成为自由人。C 项容易错选，第二段提到了一个白人妇女对塔布曼的帮助，但这并不能说有很多白人关心黑人。

　　D 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句话“… spy（做间谍）for the North.”为北方当间谍可得出答案。

　　C细节理解题。根据第四段第四句话“.. worked for women's rights… ”可知，她也为女权工作，因此她不仅帮助黑人。

　　【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】阅读理解D

　　The National Gallery

　　Description：

　　The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th?century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance Layout.

　　The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th?to 15th?century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

　　The main West Wing houses 16th?century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.

　　The North Wing houses 17th?century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.

　　The East Wing houses 18th­to early 20th­century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh

　　Opening Hours：

　　The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

　　Getting There：

　　Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2­minute walk)．Leicester Square (3­minute walk), Embankment (7­minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8­minute walk)．

　　【试题分析】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。

　　1．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

　　A．The 13th

　　B．The 17th

　　C．The 18th

　　D．The 20th

　　解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。

　　答案：A

　　2. Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

　　A．In the East Wing.

　　B．In the main West Wing.

　　C．In the Sainsbury Wing.

　　D．In the North Wing.

　　解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，达·芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达·芬奇的画。

　　答案：B

　　3．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

　　A．Piccadilly Circus.

　　B．Leicester Square.

　　C．Embankment.

　　D．Charing Cross.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2­minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远。

　　答案：D

　　【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】阅读理解A

　　The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

　　Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

　　The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge.The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.

　　Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.

　　Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.Winning entries will be published in a book.Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given.Families of those who take part in will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.

　　Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration.The program guidelines and other related information are available at: http：//cambridgesciencefestival.org.

　　【试题分析】　剑桥科技节举办“好奇心大挑战”活动。本文介绍了该项活动的具体内容、奖励授予及活动时间等。

　　1．Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?

　　A．School students.

　　B．Cambridge locals.

　　C．CSF winners.

　　D．MIT artists.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing...”可知，是学校学生参加该项活动。

　　答案：A

　　2．When will the prize­giving ceremony be held?

　　A．On February 8th.

　　B．On March 10th

　　C．On March 15th.

　　D．On April 21st.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“...at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st.”可知，授奖仪式是在四月二十一日举行。

　　答案：D

　　3.

　　What type of writing is this text?

　　A．An exhibition guide.

　　B．An art show review.

　　C．An announcement.

　　D．An official report.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据本文所给的标题及活动内容的介绍，包括具体活动内容、授奖情况及活动日期等可以推知，本文是一篇通知。

　　答案：C

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　In business, there is a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive () strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.

　　In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.

　　How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.

　　In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.

　　Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.

　　1. What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean?

　　A. Increase the speed.

　　B. Get an advantage.

　　C. Reach the limit.

　　D. Set a goal.

　　2. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.

　　A. spending more time and performing worse.

　　B. spending more time and performing better

　　C. spending less time and performing worse

　　D. spending less time and performing better

　　3. What can we learn from the text?

　　A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.

　　B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.

　　C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.

　　D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.

　　4. Which could be the best title for the text?

　　A. Improve quality? Serve better.

　　B. Deliver value? Plough ahead.

　　C. Reduce time? Move faster.

　　D. Need speed? Slow down.

　　【参考答案】1---4、BDCD

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The way we do things round here

　　Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John，I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”， while in British English it means “fairly”．

　　So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures (文化)．

　　Some of these differences may be only on the surface—dress，food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate (气候)，while getting on with business.

　　Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.

　　本文介绍了作者所感受到的文化差异。

　　. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought ________.

　　A. the American bank didn't think much of him

　　B. the American bank might hire another person

　　C. it's difficult to get used to American culture

　　D. it's easy to misunderstand Americans

　　答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段中“That “quite” saddened me”．可以推断出作者认为这家美国银行不重视他。

　　2．The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.

　　A. encourages

　　B. helps to narrow

　　C. increases

　　D. draws attention to

　　答案：D。词义猜测题。由下文可知人们做事情的方式引起了作者对文化差异的关注。

　　．According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?

　　A. Ask the native people for help.B. Understand and accept them.

　　C. Do things in our own way. D. Do in­depth research.

　　答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知我们要习惯文化差异并接受存在的文化差异。

　　．When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are________.

　　A. Italians

　　B. Germans

　　C. Greeks

　　D. the British

　　答案：B。细节理解题。由最后一段“If you invite people...on time in Germany...”可知B项正确。