奇葩，美国历史上的九条女性禁令(下)

6. Serve On Juries

不准担任陪审团成员

Until a 1975 Supreme Court ruling, women were legally excluded from being members of a jury. It was believed that they wouldn’t be able to handle the violent details of some crimes and were also too prone to emotion to make rational judgments. It was also believed that jury duty would distract from their homemaking responsibilities.

1975年，最高法院裁决女性可以成为陪审团成员。在那之前，人们认为女性无法承受某些犯罪行为的暴力细节，并且会因为过于情绪化而无法做出理性判断。此外，人们还相信她们的持家指责会被此所干扰。

7. Smoke In Public

不准在公众场合吸烟

Between 1908 and 1927, women in New York were barred from smoking in public businesses. Smoking was actually very rare for women until Edward Bernays launched a marketing campaign that redubbed them “liberty torches” and framed them as a symbol of gender equality.

1908-1927年期间，纽约禁止女性在公共场合吸烟。其实，吸烟在女性中很少见，知道Edward Bernays推行了一项市场运动，授予香烟“自由火炬”的称呼，将其塑造成性别平等的象征。

8. Watch the Olympics

不准观看奥运会

In the original Olympics, held in ancient Greece, it was forbidden for married women to observe the games, under punishment of death. In 1930, British women were similarly banned from watching Olympic boxing matches by the army, including the wives of the fighters themselves.

最初的古希腊奥运会禁止已婚女性观看比赛，违者处以死刑。1930年，军队禁止英国女性观看奥运会的拳击比赛，包括选手自己的妻子。

9. Take Birth Control Pills

不准服用避孕药

The birth control pill made it through the FDA approval process in 1957, but was reserved as a treatment exclusively for menstrual issues. The pill was greenlit as a contraceptive in 1960, but even then was only prescribed to married women. General consensus at the time was that it was immoral and encouraged prostitution.

1957年，避孕药通过了FDA的审批，但仅可用户治疗月经不调。1960年，它被许可用于避孕，但只以处方形式开具给已婚女性。当时，人们普遍认为避孕药是不道德的，会鼓励卖淫。