2016年中考英语词组辨析：by oneself/for oneself/to oneself/of oneself

　　这五个介词短语均属“介词+反身代词”结构，但意义各不相同：

　　Ⅰ.by oneself“单独地;独立地”(=without help, alone).如：

　　Did you do this by yourself or did someone help you? 是你自己做的，还是别人帮你做的?

　　Ⅱ. “本身;本身的性质”如：

　　① Diamond is hard in itself. 钻石本来是硬的。

　　Ⅲ.for oneself “为自己(的利益而做某事);独自地(与by oneself 同义)”。如：

　　② He has built a house for himself. 他为自己建造了一幢房子。

　　③ You must find it out for yourself. 你必须自己把它找出来。

　　Ⅳ.of oneself “自然而然地;自动地”为不及物动词。如：

　　④ The fire died of oneself. 火自己熄灭了。

　　Ⅴ.to oneself“默默地”“暗自”，常与talk , say, think等动词连用。如;

　　⑤ He said to himself that there was something wrong. 他想这其中有毛病。

　　：say to oneself “在心里想”，talk/ speak to oneself“自言自语”两者不可混淆。