小升初2015年英语复习重点复习资料：句型专项归类

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句型专项归类

肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.

He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.

☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 not。有动词be的句子则not加在be后面，可缩写成isnt，arent，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上not，你也可以把它们缩写在 一起如dont , doesnt , didnt )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而did只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人 称和数，都用did 。

3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用yes，或no来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.

☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，

①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do，does，did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而did只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称 和数，都用did 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用yes 、no来回答。如：

What is this? Its a computer.

What does he do? Hes a doctor.

Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.

Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.

Which season do you like best? Summer.

When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.

Whose skirt is this? Its Amys.

Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.

How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.

How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.

☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)

例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，

How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少?

How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少?

How many + 名词复数 + are there? 有多少?