一篇好的考研英语作文应基本达到:
1)有较好的写作基础,文章流畅,遣词造句不当,文章结构完整,内容符合要求;
2)语法基本正确;
3)句法基本准确,句子与句子段落之间过渡连贯;
4)有一定词汇量,字数符合要求;
5)说理清楚,内容充实。
6)就小作文而言,还要做到格式与语域正确。
7)书写干净整洁。如果书写较差,以致影响交际,分数会降低一个档次。
考生出现的问题:
●不会审题。很多考生在着手做写作题时并无审题和构思的概念,有的担心时间不够,有的则是无从下笔,结果不是文不对题就是时间己过半,只好草草收场。
●用汉语思维,逐字翻译。有的考生对英语词造句无把握,便用汉语构思文章,同时将汉语句子硬译英语,结果是非驴非马,无法理解。
●用词搭配不当。英语语言是一大特点是其丰富的习惯用语和固定搭配,包括动词短语、介词短语、形容词短语等,例如(花费很多时间做某事)spend much time in不能改成take much time in。词与词之间固定搭配是由历史形成的,有的看起来不符合逻辑,但却是地道用法
●词汇量小,拼写困难。部分学生能在写作中运用的词汇量太少,有的知道用法但拼写不出来,结果 只能用中文取而代之,成绩自然不会理想。
●句子逻辑关系混乱。部分考生因受汉语结构的影响,对句子中主谓及状语之间的位置安排不妥,造成逻辑混乱。例如:Our English class often told stories.应改为:We often told stories in our English class.
●不会应用关联词转承上下句子和段落。关联词起过渡作用,使上下句子和段落合理,承上启下,使表达合乎逻辑,同时结构严谨,文章紧凑。例如:People lean English to use it , Some learn it so study or work abroad . Others learn it to read books and magazines in English or have something to do with English-speaking foreigners.采用适当关联词,改进为:people learn English for practical purposes :some learn it to study or work abroad, while others learn it to read or communicate in English.
●语法错误。语法错误主要表现为:
i. 分不清及物与不及物动词,例如:rise和raise; hear和listen等
ii. 被动与主动语态的误用,例如:interesting和interested; speaking和spoken 等;
iii. 词类混淆,将动词或形容词误作名词用,将名词和动词误作形容词用等;例如:benefit和beneficial; difficult和difficulty; pleasure和pleased等。
iv. 混淆可数名词与不可数名词,例如:help, practice 等。
v. 冠词、情态动词、介词、代词等方面的错误,例如:a English book, should did, must done等。
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