英语四级写作技巧：简洁才是美

　　 策略之一：用介词短语替代从句。

　　例:

　　Wordy: While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.

　　Better: During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.

　　Wordy: When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.

　　Stylish English is ...

　　Concise

　　简洁才是美

　　好的写作，首先而且至关重要的一点就是简洁。繁冗的写作堆砌了许多无用的词藻，反而减弱表述的清晰度。当然，也不能仅仅因为简短就认为短句一定优于长句。只要一个单词确实能起到一定的作用，它就应该留在句中。一般来说，只有在进行强调或修饰、美化句子时，才能使用重复的单词、语音和短语。修改文章，就是要删繁就简。比较下面这对句子，注意体会二者的差别及效果。

　　1) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by means of a big boat.

　　2) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by boat.

　　斜体字部分较啰嗦，因为by就是by means of boat。

　　Better: At the second traffic light turn left.

　　 策略之二：删除诸如who is或that is之类的关系代词，变从句为短语。

　　例:

　　Wordy: The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.

　　Better: The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.

　　注：把句中的three parts改用形容词来表达，节省了四个不必要的单词which is written in。我们经常可以将关系代词如that去掉，这只会引起最少的变动。

　　 策略之三：剔除你不需要的单词

　　Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call.

　　写完这样的句子后，你自己再读一遍，挑出单词joint和telephone，注意删去不必要的词。

　　策略之四：表达否定意义时，尽量避免使用否定词。英语中很多词不用 nos 或者nots也能表达否定含义的词汇，你尽可以采取更为委婉的表达方式。

　　例：

　　Thus college students who do not have sufficient financial backing ,

　　也就是 college students who lacks sufficient financial backing。

　　如果你不想使用太多的否定词，就应该尽量避免使用它们。