12月大学英语四级写作之议论文精讲(3)

　　Smoking is a bad habit that does a lot of harm to human health. Cigarette smoking does great harm to human health. In many cases, cigarette has proved to be the direct cause of such a fatal disease as cancer-hence its nickname, Cancer Stick. Experts say that smoking one cigarette can reduce ones life by about 15 minutes and that chain smoking is far more hazardous. Recent findings of medical research show that even a tiny drop of nicotine can kill a large animal like a horse. Some medical reports have also proved that heavy smoking would seriously affect an adults sexuality, and smoking after a meal also disturbs ones digestive system. Cigarette smoking not only jeopardizes the physical health of a smoker, it also affects the health of a nonsmoker who passively inhales the polluted air into his or her lungs when he or she is exposed to a winding shroud of cigarette smoke. The impact on such passive smokers , according to the experts in the medical field, can be even more damaging, and that is why smoking is usually prohibited in most public places.

　　议论文中常用的词句与短语

　　一.数据对比用语：

　　1. are similar in their range of indicators

　　2. cause / lead to a rapid / slow increase / decrease in the number / amount of

　　3. cause to drop

　　4. climb dramatically fromto

　　5. constitutes aboutpercent

　　6. continue to rise / fall

　　7. continue to widen / shorten

　　8. declines to less than percent.

　　9. drop / fall to as many / much / little as

　　10. fall / rise / increase / decrease dramatically

　　11. fluctuates between

　　12. grow only marginally fromto

　　13. increase / decrease slowly

　　14. increase/ decrease lightly

　　15. is doubled

　　16. is inversely proportional to

　　17. is significantly lower / higher than

　　18. lead to an increased number / amount of

　　19. level off / remain constant at

　　20. lower the percentage of

　　21. maintain approximately the same number of

　　22. narrow down to