第四节 适应症
适应症最常用的有以下几种表示方法
Indications适应症
Indications and Usage 适应症与用途
MajorIndications 主要适应症
Uses用途
Action and Use作用与用途
偶尔也会见到其他的表示方法。
本项中出现频率最高的是疾病名称以及微生物的名称,如:
angina pectoris 心绞痛
cancer癌
diabetes糖尿病
hypertension 高血压
gram-positive microorganisms革兰氏阳性菌
virus 病毒
gram-negative mcroorgansms革兰氏阴性菌
E.coli 大肠杆菌
这些词汇可借助英汉医学词典进行阅读和翻译,只要掌握了这些词意,即可了解本项基本内容。
一、常见句型
本项是说明书的重点,从句子结构来分析,大致有以下几种类型。
1、不完全句结构.仅列出疾病或微生物的名称.例如:
例1、Angina pectoris, Prinzmetals angina,hypertension
心绞痛,变异性心绞痛,高血压。
例 2 The following diseases caused by bacteria including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus,Streptcoccus, Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae
用于治疗由革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌,如葡萄球菌、链球菌。大肠杆菌、肺炎杆菌引起的下列疾病
2 由For引出的短语,例如:
例3 For prevention of the advance of cataract.
用于预防白内障进展。
例 4 In the treatment of all forms of pulmonary tubercuosis in association with other antitubercular drugs.
与其他抗结核药配伍,治疗各种类型肺结核。
3.To+动词原形构成的短语,如:
例 5 To prevent the formation of urinary calculi,especially in cases where they tend to recur.
用于预防尿路,特别是易发部位的结石的形成。
例6 To protect the liver cell during administration of drugs hazardous to the liver.
在服用对肝脏有危害的药物期间,用以保护肝细胞。
4,完整的句子结构或段落,有时结构很复杂;
例 7 Amikacin is useful in the treatment of infections from Gram-negative sensitive species,there included the Pseudomonas species;it may also be useful to treat infections caused by sensitive staphylococci,
阿米卡星可用于治疗革兰氏阳性敏感菌引起的感染,也可用于治疗敏感葡萄球菌引起的感染。
例 8 Nebcin is indicated for the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible microorganisms:
乃柏欣适用于治疗下列由敏感细菌引起的感染:
例 9 Octinum D has proved effective in the prophylaxis and therapy of disorders arising from spasm of the smooth musculature.
新握克了已证实对平滑肌痉挛引起的病症有预防和治疗作用。
例10 Fungizone intravenous is especially intended to treat cryptococcosis
注射用凡疾送特别适用于治疗隐球菌病。
例11 Kanamycin is active both in vitro and vivo against Gram-possitive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as acid-fast bacteria
卡那霉素在体外及体内对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性菌以及耐酸菌都有效。
例12 Benemid is recommended for the treatmemt of gout and gouty arthritis, and to increase and prolong the plasma concentration of penicillins and cephalosporins during anti-infective therapy.
丙磺舒被推荐用于治疗痛风及痛风关节炎,及在强化抗感染治疗时增加并延长青霉素类及头孢菌素类的血浆浓度。
例 13 Information available at present suggests that Oncovin may be useful either alone or in conjunction with other oncolytic drugs for the treatment of acute leukaemias
据现有资料表明,硫酸长春新碱可单独使用,亦可与其他溶瘤细胞药物合用,以治疗急性白血病
例14 Adriamycin is frequenly used in combination chemotherapy regiments with other cytotoxyc drugs.
阿霉素常与其他细胞毒药物合用于化疗方案。
例 15 Concomitant therapy with other calcium antagonists, antihypertensives and alcohol may potentiate the hypotensive action of the drug.
与其他的钙桔抗剂、抗高血压药物及酒精饮料同时使用,会增强本品的降低血压的作用。
二、本项中的常用词及短语举例
许多常用词及疾病名、微生物名词等与药理作用项类同,此外还有以下词组与短语。
be active against对有效
be intended to适用于
be administared in 适用于
be of value of 适用于
be effective in 对有效
be recommended for 推荐用于
be employed to 用于
be used to用于
be helpful in 用于
be useful in 用于
be indicated in适用于
for the treatmentof 用于治疗
表示与其他药物合用的结构有:
be associated with
in association with
be combined with
in combination with
be compatible with
in connjunction with
concomitant with
together with
国内英语资讯:Xi calls for contributions to world peace, development
国内英语资讯:Xi urges Guangxi to play bigger role in Belt and Road
外研版高中英语选修六 MODULE5
体坛英语资讯:Kenyan and Serbian runners triumph at 30th Belgrade Marathon
美国常驻联合国代表谴责伊朗和真主党
国内英语资讯:Chinese federation honors female models, groups
国际英语资讯:Iraqi forces recapture neighborhood from IS in western Mosul
体坛英语资讯:Chinese club favorite of volleyball tournament in Vietnam
国内英语资讯:Belarus ready to become Silk Road hub: president
体坛英语资讯:PSG beat Montpellier 2-0, move atop Ligue 1 on Cavanis 31st league goal
国际英语资讯:20 pupils die in traffic accident in S. Africa
国际英语资讯:Tens of thousands march across U.S. to support science
国际英语资讯:SCO members agree to enhance intl nuclear non-proliferation regime: FMs
国际英语资讯:African experts urge investment in forest conservation to boost green growth
国际英语资讯:8 killed in crude bomb explosion in eastern India
国内英语资讯:Xi inspects PLA Southern Theater Command, vows to build strong army
国内英语资讯:First Chinese freight train from Xian arrives in Budapest
国内英语资讯:Digital transformation to accelerate Chinas manufacturing growth: report
外研版高中英语选修六 MODULE1
体坛英语资讯:Top four seeds separate at Monte-Carlo Masters third round
联合国秘书长国际妇女节致辞
美文欣赏:患难见人心,逆境见真情
跑步会传染?论找个瘦朋友的重要性
体坛英语资讯:Chelsea defender Cahill to miss FA Cup semi against Tottenham
国内英语资讯:Seven countries to deepen cooperation on China-Europe freight rail services
国际英语资讯:UN chief, U.S. President Trump hold first meeting
浙江省杭州外国语学校2017-2017学年高一上学期期中考试 英语 Word版含答案
苹果放大招,微信在iPhone上不能再打赏了!
仅凭一纸文书,17岁女生被哈佛耶鲁全录取(附作文原文)
国际英语资讯:News Analysis: French election crucial for future of Europe
| 不限 |
| 英语教案 |
| 英语课件 |
| 英语试题 |
| 不限 |
| 不限 |
| 上册 |
| 下册 |
| 不限 |