1989年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析

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　　1989年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析

　　Section VI Chinese-English Translation

　　Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points)

　　56. 请乘客们系好安全带，以防碰伤。

　　57. 除非安装一条新的装配线，否则提高产量是没有指望的。

　　58. 有人提出，暑假期间安排一次到海南岛的考察旅行。

　　59. 为了把课文中的难点解释清楚，他举了许多例子。

　　60. 护士们通常毕生致力于照顾病人。

　　Section VII English-Chinese Translation

　　Read the following passage carefully and then translate the sentences in heavy type into Chinese. (20 points)

　　When Jane Matheson started work at Advanced Electronics Inc. 12 years ago, (61) she laboured over a microscope, hand-welding tiny electronic computers and turned out 18 per hour. Now she tends the computerized machinery that turns out high capacity memory chips at the rate of 2,600 per hour. Production is up, profits are up, her income is up and Mrs. Matheson says the work is far less strain on her eyes.

　　But the most significant effect of the changes at AEI was felt by the workers who are no longer there. Before the new computerized equipment was introduced, there were 940 workers at the plant. Now there are 121. (62) A plant follow-up survey showed that one year after the layoffs only 38% of the released workers found new employment at the same or better wages. Nearly half finally settled for lower pay and more than 13% are still out of work. The AEI example is only one of hundreds around the country which forge intelligently ahead into the latest technology, but leave the majority of their workers behind.

　　(63) Its beginnings obscured by unemployment caused by the world economic slow-down, the new technological unemployment may emerge as the great socio-economic challenge of the end of the 20th century. One corporation economist says the growth of machine job replacement has been with us since the beginning of the industrial revolution, but never at the pace it is now. The human costs will be astonishing. (64) Its humiliating to be done out of your job by a machine and there is no way to fight back, but it is the effort to find a new job that really hurts. Some workers, like Jane Matheson, are retrained to handle the new equipment, but often a whole new set of skills is required and that means a new, and invariably smaller set of workers. (65) The old workers, trapped by their limited skills, often never regain their old status and employment. Many drift into marginal areas. They feel no pride in their new work. They get badly paid for it and they feel miserable, but still they are luckier than those who never find it.

　　(66) The social costs go far beyond the welfare and unemployment payments made by the government. Unemployment increases the chances of divorce, child abuse, and alcoholism, a new federal survey shows. Some experts say the problem is only temporary... that new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys. (67) But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there will be a simple and direct net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done. We should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure. It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new unanimity on the division and distribution of labor, Seymour says. He predicts most people will work only six-hour days and four-day weeks by the end of the century. But the concern of the unemployed is for now. (68) Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs for laid-off workers are under way, but few experts believe they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology. For the next few years, for a substantial portion of the workforce, times are going to be very tough indeed.

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　　答案解析

　　VI: Chinese-English Translation (15 points)

　　56. All travellers are advised to fasten their safety-belts to avoid being bumped.

　　57. No increase in output can be expected unless a new assembly line is installed.

　　58. It is suggested that an exploration tour to the Hainan Island (should) be arranged during the summer vacation.

　　59. He gave lots of examples in order to get the difficult points in the text fully explained.

　　60. Nurses often devote their whole lives to tending the sick.

　　VII: English-Chinese Translation (20 points)

　　61. 她吃力地伏在显微镜上干活，手焊体积很小的电子计算机，每小时能焊好18个。

　　62. 一家工厂的跟踪调查表明，被解雇的工人中一年后只有38%的人找到了与原工资相等或优于原工资的工作。

　　63. 它(新技术的采用导致失业上升)一开始被全球性的经济衰退所引起的失业所掩盖，但到20世纪末，新技术所引起的失业问题可能会构成对社会经济的巨大挑战。

　　64. 被一台机器抢走你的工作是很伤自尊心的，可又没法还击，但真正伤我心的是要费很大的劲去寻找新的工作。

　　65. 老工人由于处于技术掌握得很有限的困境，往往不能重新获得其原有的地位和就业机会。

　　66. 要付出的社会代价远远超过政府在福利与失业救济方面的开支。

　　67. 未来学家海曼西摩说，新技术所具有的惊人效率意味着所需要的劳力将出现一个绝对的和直接的净减数。

　　68. 为失业工人提供的由联邦政府帮助的培训计划和免费重返学校学习的计划目前都在实施中，但专家中几乎没有认为这些计划能跟得上新技术的发展步伐。