导读:The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousions. Such extended families were suited for survival in slow paced J)agricultural societies. But such families are hard to A)transplant. They are immobile.(The typical pre-industrial family= extended family),第一段说明工业化前的大家庭模式的特点:很难流动。)
Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family C)gradually shed its excess weight and the so-called nuclear family emerged---a stripped-down, portable family unit O)consisting only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more H)mobile than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, M)requires even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process, a stePfurther by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more E)elemental components, aman and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than teh ordinarily child-cluttered family.(第二段与第一段形成对比,说明industrialism 工业化 要求家庭必须流动,导致大家庭变得越来越小,甚至只剩下最基本的成员:男人和女人。)
A D)transport may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in F)conflict between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many I)couples will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement. (最后一段说明工业化背景下,参加工作和要孩子之间存在矛盾。)
全文翻译:工业化之前的典型的家庭模式不仅包括许多孩子,而且还有很多其他的家庭成员----祖父母,叔叔,婶婶,堂兄妹等。这样的大家庭适合在慢节奏的农业社会中生存,但这样的家庭很难迁移和流动。工业化需要大量乐意并能够离开家乡外出寻找工作的工人,而且他们可以根据需要随时流动。这样,大家庭渐渐摆脱了多余的成员,而所谓的 核心家庭 便出现了:这种家庭是只包括父母和小孩的迁移方便的小家庭。这种远远比传统大家庭更易于流动的新型家庭模式便成为所有工业国家的标准模式。然而,超级工业化,即下一个阶段的生态科技的发展,要求家庭具有更大的流动性。因此我们期待:在将来,许多人采取继续进一步缩小的家庭模式。除了孩子,把家庭缩减到它的最基本成员,即只有一个男人和一个女人。夫妻两人,也许由于职业旗鼓相当,将比孩子成群的家庭在接受教育和处理社会问题方面更加爱得心应手,在更换工作类型和工作地点的方面更为有效。折中的解决办法就是推迟要孩子,而不是不要孩子。现在的男人和女人在忠于事业和抚养孩子之间总是引起冲突。在将来,许多夫妇会把全力以赴抚养孩子推迟到退休以后,以回避这一问题。
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: How prepared is EU for no-deal Brexit?
体坛英语资讯:Olympic medalist Obiri says gold win in Denmark, her last in cross country
国内英语资讯:Chinas NPC delegation visits Armenia
“晚婚不婚”上热搜,结婚率连跌5年,这届年轻人为啥不爱结婚了?
阅读对大脑有什么影响?
夏日无尽头?挪威小岛或将“抛弃时间”
国内英语资讯:China sees 112 mln domestic tourist trips during tomb-sweeping holiday
请别邀请我吃晚餐
国际英语资讯:Prominent Chinese Americans meet in New York to discuss bilateral relationship
Uber上市才1个月,COO和CMO就都离职了
美国食品药品监管局表示:电子烟或导致癫痫
国内英语资讯:Chinas booming middle class creates opportunities for culture, entertainment industry: bus
国内英语资讯:Metasequoia fossil discovered in southwest China
国内英语资讯:Around 9.78 mln people honor deceased at cemeteries during tomb-sweeping holiday
“世纪离婚”尘埃落定!贝佐斯前妻成世界第三大女富豪
国际英语资讯:Russia, Turkey agree to boost bilateral investment
揭秘天才们的那些怪癖
体坛英语资讯:Ruiz stuns Joshua to become world heavyweight champion
体坛英语资讯:Cairo Derby ends goalless, keeping Egyptian Premiere League title race alive
国内英语资讯:China-EU tourism cooperation receives boost, official says
国际英语资讯:Yemen expects Kuwaits contribution to help economic recovery: FM
体坛英语资讯:CBA Roundup: Liaoning sweep Fujian into CBA semi, Zhejiang pull one game back against Xinjia
体坛英语资讯:Kenya to play Egypt, Morocco in North Africa U-18 football tourney
怎样练成流利的英语口语
国内英语资讯:East China city to open direct flights to Tokyo, Seoul
国内英语资讯:China to avoid debt burden for BRI participating countries: envoy
体坛英语资讯:Sun Yang records personal fastest 1,500m freestyle in four years
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: Turkeys election results remain in limbo as ruling party disputes oppositions
体坛英语资讯:Role of running cadence not as much as previously thought
不管世事如何,生命都在继续
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |