41. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn t want to deal with gender issues.
分析 主干:It took me 10 years to get back... and to realize...
句首的 It 是形式主语,真正的主语是 and 并列的两个动词不定式。 第一个不定式to get back 的宾语 the confidence 后有一个定语从句 I had at 19 对它加以修饰。 第二个不定式 to realize 带了一个宾语从句,由 that 引导。
译文 我花了 10 年的时间才找回了我 19 岁时的自信,才意识到我本不想谈论性别问题。
42. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die.
分析 主干:the thought will die
本句的难点在从句部分。 If 引导条件状语从句,从句用了 listen to sb. do sth.结 构, 省略 to 的不定式 correct 作补语曰that 5th grade English teacher 用了借喻的修辞手法,指代你心中的那个 批判性思维 。 while 引导的时间状语从句修饰 are listening。
译文 如果你在听五年级的英文老师纠正你的语法,而同时你又尽力在捕捉一个稍纵即 逝的想法,那么,你的想法就会消失得无影无踪。
43. Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.
分析 主干:managers are the last to... and find out...
conducted 是过去分词作 study 的后置定语。 于不定式 to hear...作后置定语,修 饰 the last,一般可以直接理解为 最不可能听到这些投诉的人 。 when 引导的时间状 语从句修饰 find out。 该状语从句中,to frequent...作 decide 的宾语。 frequent 用作动词, 表示 经常光顾 。
译文 维德集团和沃顿商学:共同开展的一项研究显示,商店经理常常是最后一个听到 顾客抱怨的人,而且只有当他们的老顾客开始频频光顾他们的竞争对手的时候他们才会发现顾客对他们的不满。
44. Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.
分析 主干:Retailers can relieve the headaches
介词 by 后面带了 redesigning..., pre stocking..., hiring...,和 having...等四个动名 词短语作宾语,表示零售商可以采用的缓解让顾客头痛的问题的手段或方式。 于最后一个动名词 having 在句中不是表示 让(某人做某事) 的使役用法,而是表示 雇请 。 后面 的不定式短语 to answer questions 作补语。
译文 零售商可以采取一些措施来缓解这些让顾客头疼的问题, 如改造商店的布局,提 前存储货品,雇用手脚麻利有经验的收银员,派出销售代表随时解答顾客的问题。
45. Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world.
分析 主干:Customers can also improve experiences
介词 by 后面动名词短语 filing...作宾语,表示手段或方式。instead of...短语引导 的内容相当于 filing 的转折并列成分。 于注意动词 filing(不是 filling),意思是 正式提出 。
译文 消费者也可以采取措施改善以后的购物体验。 他们可以直接向商家投诉,而不是 到处散布自己不愉快的经历。
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