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主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力,要求在阅读短文时,能够提炼文章的中心思想,体会作者的主要写作意图,充分运用逻辑概括能力,透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。
(一)出题形式:主旨大意题命题形式主要有三大类:一类是概括中心思想(main idea)型;一类是确定文章标题或主题(topic / title / headline)型;还有一类是询问文章的写作目的(purpose)。
1) What would be the best title for the text?
2) What is the topic of the text?
3) Which of the following best expresses the main idea?
4) The best title / headline for this passage might be ______.
5) The author s main purpose in writing the passage is ______.
6) Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?
7) Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
8) The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.
9) The title that best expresses the main idea of the passage is ______.
(二)答案位置:大部分文章都有主题句(topic sentence),主题句表达了文章的中心思想(main idea),找到了主题句,也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。因此, 主题句定位法 是解答主旨大意题的一种行之有效的方法。主题句呈现形式通常有以下几种:
1)在开头出现;
2)在结尾出现;
3)在开头和结尾同时出现,首尾呼应;
4)有些文章的中心思想贯穿全文,并没有用一句话明确表达出来,这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
(三)实战演练
3 Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious, In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation for example a family problem, the death of a loves one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support; our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
The topic of the 4th paragraph is that _________.
a. one problem of loneliness is a person s social contacts
b. we depend on various people for different reasons
c. lonely people don t have many social problems
d. lonely people don t have many friends
What is the best title for the passage?
a. Three Kinds of Loneliness.
b. Loneliness and Diseases
c. Loneliness and Social Contacts
d. Chronic Loneliness.
现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
现在进行时表将来有哪些特点
过去完成时的用法提醒
will do与be going to do的用法差别
一般现在时代替进行时
用一般过去时代替完成时
时态与时间状语
ago习惯上不与现在完成时连用
用现在进行时表示将来
一般现在时的七种用法
现在进行时
表示动作最近发生的现在完成时
将来完成时
一般过去时的用法
四种将来时态的用法归纳
一般现在时表将来
两种完成进行时的用法
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
used to / be used to
一般现在时与现在进行时表示将来的区别
表示将来的五种常用非时态方式
一般现在时代替过去时
使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性
现在完成时
一般将来时
将来进行时的“温和效应”
时态、语态配套练习及答案
现在完成时还是过去完成时
判断动词时态的技巧
过去进行时
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