六级阅读主旨题答题技巧及实战演练(13)

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　　主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的主要写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。

　　(一)出题形式：主旨大意题命题形式主要有三大类：一类是概括中心思想(main idea)型;一类是确定文章标题或主题(topic / title / headline)型;还有一类是询问文章的写作目的(purpose)。

　　1) What would be the best title for the text?

　　2) What is the topic of the text?

　　3) Which of the following best expresses the main idea?

　　4) The best title / headline for this passage might be ______.

　　5) The author s main purpose in writing the passage is ______.

　　6) Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?

　　7) Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

　　8) The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.

　　9) The title that best expresses the main idea of the passage is ______.

　　(二)答案位置：大部分文章都有主题句(topic sentence)，主题句表达了文章的中心思想(main idea)，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。因此， 主题句定位法 是解答主旨大意题的一种行之有效的方法。主题句呈现形式通常有以下几种：

　　1)在开头出现;

　　2)在结尾出现;

　　3)在开头和结尾同时出现，首尾呼应;

　　4)有些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。

　　(三)实战演练

　　13 Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent strips, called cheverons , painted on the roads make drivers think that they are faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.

　　Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint cheverons and other patterns of strips on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.

　　Excessive speed plays a major role in as much a one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will carry its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.

　　Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal barspainted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.

　　Cheverons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

　　The passage mainly discusses ________.

　　A a new way of highway speed control

　　B a new pattern for painting highways

　　C a new way to training drivers

　　D a new type of optical illusion