六级阅读主旨题答题技巧及实战演练(14)

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　　主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的主要写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。

　　(一)出题形式：主旨大意题命题形式主要有三大类：一类是概括中心思想(main idea)型;一类是确定文章标题或主题(topic / title / headline)型;还有一类是询问文章的写作目的(purpose)。

　　1) What would be the best title for the text?

　　2) What is the topic of the text?

　　3) Which of the following best expresses the main idea?

　　4) The best title / headline for this passage might be ______.

　　5) The author s main purpose in writing the passage is ______.

　　6) Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?

　　7) Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

　　8) The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.

　　9) The title that best expresses the main idea of the passage is ______.

　　(二)答案位置：大部分文章都有主题句(topic sentence)，主题句表达了文章的中心思想(main idea)，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。因此， 主题句定位法 是解答主旨大意题的一种行之有效的方法。主题句呈现形式通常有以下几种：

　　1)在开头出现;

　　2)在结尾出现;

　　3)在开头和结尾同时出现，首尾呼应;

　　4)有些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。

　　(三)实战演练

　　14 Farmer ED Rawlings smiles as he looks at his orange trees. The young oranges are growing well in Florida s weather. Warm sunshine and gentle rains, along with ED Rawlings expert care, will produce a good crop of oranges this year.

　　But ED has to fight against Florida s changeable winter weather. In January and February, temperature can destroy ED s entire orange crops. Having farmed in Florida for the past 35 years, Ed Rawlings is prepared for the frosts. When temperatures drop below freezing, Ed tries to save his crop by watering his orange trees. The water freezes and forms a thin layer of ice on the trees. Strange as it may sound, this thin layer of ice actually keep the fruit warm..

　　What happens is simple. When the trees are watered, the water loses heat and becomes ice. The warmth of the heat it loses is sicked in by the fruit and keeps its temperature at a safe level. Ed Rawling has effectively used this method to save many orange crops.

　　But Ed still faces some difficulties. The trees should be watered at the exact moment the temperature drops to the freezing point. Also, just the right quantity of water must be used. Too much water can form a thick layer of ice that will break the trees branches. Another difficulty is that wind blows away the heat. So Ed has to worry about not only when but also how often his trees should be watered, and how much water should be used.

　　Computer technology may help Ed with some of these worries. With equipment, air and soil temperatures and wind speed can be measured. The information is fed into a computer which can tell when temperatures drop to freezing. The computer can correctly decide the quantity of water to be used and how frequently the trees should be watered. Ed will find looking after his orange trees a lot easier with the help of a computer, and we ll all have the benefits of computerage oranges.

　　The passage is mainly about_______.

　　A a farmer s expert care for his orange trees

　　B the different uses of computers

　　C growing oranges in Florida s changeable weather

　　D different way of frost protection