四级考试阅读备考笔记（6）

　　24. Defied in the 5th paragraph probably means ________

　　A) doubted B) gave proof to

　　C) challenged D) agreed to

　　注：词汇题。定位倒数第二段,defy 前后意思相反，可以推出24题答案为C

　　25. This passage is mainly about _________

　　A) the beginnings of oceanography

　　B) the laying of the first undersea cable

　　C) the investigation of ocean depths

　　D) the early intercontinental communications

　　注：主题题。主题关键词为oceanography

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

　　1. What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about ____.

　　A) relationships between causes and results

　　B) classification of reasoning

　　C) some other common types of reasoning

　　D) some special type of reasoning

　　2. According to the passage, to do the effect to effect reasoning is to reason ____.

　　A) from cause to effect

　　B) from effect to cause

　　C) from effect to effect and on to cause

　　D) from effect to cause and on to another effect

　　3. A necessary cause is ____.

　　A) one without which it is impossible for the effect to occur

　　B) one of the causes that can produce the effect

　　C) one that is enough to make the effect occur

　　D) none of them

　　4. Your refrigerator is not working and you have found that the electric power has been cut off.

　　The power failure is a ____.

　　A) necessary cause B) sufficient cause

　　C) contributory cause D) none of them

　　5. This passage mainly discusses ____.

　　A) causal reasoning B) classification of cause

　　C) various types of reasoning D) the causal process