名校名师精讲英语四级考试阅读题的讲义（17）

　　主题题型：1.主题句：一段首、末句、二段首句

　　2.一般主题句为一段首句，以下情况下出现在一段末句或者二段首句

　　a. 发生转折时

　　When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturers claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty , or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

　　b. 当文章首句为细节时

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

　　We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!

　　注：第一句结论句，文章主题句

　　Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.

　　注：1.Besides并列关系，与 We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. 对应。

　　2.value v. 重视 contribute to 有贡献，有助于

　　3.本段末句强烈结论句，后面跟着解释：为什么混班教学有帮助?

　　In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.

　　注：to...to...to...列举语言现象，常考 not mention 题型和 except 题型，快速扫描列举部分，快读慢做题

　　Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.

　　注：与第三段The pupils often work in groups并列来解释第三段首句work in various ways

　　36. In the passage the authors attitude towards mixed-ability teaching is _________

　　A) critical

　　B) questioning

　　C) approving

　　D) objective

　　注：1.态度题，找直接评价语句，本文为第一句，正态度

　　2.critical 批评的，负的 questioning 质疑的，负的

　　approving 赞同的，正的 objective 客观的，中性的