插入结构
除了上一章的并列结构,英语长句中另一个常用结构就是插入结构。插入结构是在一个句子中某两个句子成分之间,a如主谓,谓宾,定语和受定语等之间插入一个从句,短语或单词以对原来句子所表达的内容进行补充、添加、限定和说明。有时一个句子会有多个从句,分词短语等存在,再加上插入成分,就会使得句子结构显得很复杂,不易分清各部分得成分,而造成阅读上得障碍。插入成分最明显得标志是用逗号与主句隔开。但有时由于多种句子成分的存在,句子中会使用多个逗号,分号,从而导致插入得成分不易一眼看出,以至出现理解错误。本章我们就集中辨析这一类结构得句子。
Exercise
Americans admire the self-made personthe one who, with neither money nor family influence, fights his or her way to the top.
Silly or wise, terrible or delightful, it is a further helping of experience, an additional joy after dark, another slice of life cut differently for which, it seems to me, we are never sufficiently grateful.
Quite a different problem, but one that is causing growing concern, is that computers may violate peoples privacy.
要点分析和参考译文
要点:破折号后的the one是前面person的同位语,the one后面又有一个由who引导的定语从句,其中主语和谓语之间有一个插入语:with neither money nor family influence.
参考译文:美国人钦佩靠个人奋斗而成功的人士:这种人既没有金钱也没有家庭背景,靠自己的奋斗攀登到最上层。
要点:Silly or wise, terrible or delightful为平行结构,在句中作让步状语。另外句子的表语也是平行结构a further helping of experience, an additional joy after darkit seems to me为插入语,插入到for which引导的定语从句中。
参考译文:不管是愚蠢还是聪明,可怕还是愉悦,梦中的生活都是更深一层的另外一种体验,是天黑以后才有的另一种欢乐,是生活另一个不同的侧面,对此我似乎觉得怎么感激也不为过。
要点:句中but one that is causing growing concern,在句中作插入语。在意义上是对Quite a different problem的补充说明。One代替上文提到的problem
参考译文:一个截然不同但却越来越引起人们关注的问题是:计算机可能会侵犯人们的隐私。
》》点击查看2015年6月英语四级阅读长难句分析汇总
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