The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the America economic system.
The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to own productive resources , and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
1. In Para. 1, the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes means ___.
A. Americans never feel satisfied with their incomes.
B. Americans tend to overstate the amount of their incomes.
C. Americans want to have their incomes increased.
D. Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes.
2. The first two sentences in the second paragraph clarity the idea to us that ___.
A. producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production.
B. consumers can express their demands through producers.
C. producers decide the prices of products.
D. supply and demand regulate prices.
3. The word embraces in Para. 3 probably parallels ___.
A. enfold
B. hug
C. comprehend
D. support
4. According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by ___.
A. private property and rights concerned.
B. manpower and natural resources control.
C. ownership of productive resources
D. free contracts and prices.
5. The passage is mainly talking about ___.
A. how American goods are produced.
B. how American consumers buy their goods.
C. how American economic system works.
D. how American businessman make their profits.
参考答案:DDCAC
实用职场口语:面试与实习-公司是否提供特殊培训的机会
实用职场口语:称赞与鼓励-他是我喜欢的型
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试的时候我该穿什么衣服?
实用职场口语:称赞与鼓励-我能把衬衫拉出來而不扯破它
实用职场口语:威胁与责备-以后遇到这样的事不要想当然
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘秘书 1
实用职场口语:面试与实习-我希望根据我的能力支付薪酬
实用职场口语:面试与实习-我来应聘实验室助理职位
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘 2
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试后我一直认为这个工作不适合我
实用职场口语:威胁与责备-你这记性真是的!
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘金融工作 1
实用职场口语:面试与实习-能给您面试我也很高兴
实用职场口语:面试与实习-实际上微薪养蠢材啊
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试单元之介绍个人技能 1
实用职场口语:理想、建议、劝告-同事间的良好沟通很重要
实用职场口语:面试与实习-以前有过类似的工作经历
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试结束后之询问面试结果 2
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘会计师 2
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘电脑工程师 2
实用职场口语:面试与实习-这份工作有什么吸引你的地方呢?
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘销售人员 2
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘会计师 1
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘保险代理人 1
实用职场口语:理想、建议、劝告-你最好还是复习一下你的功课
实用职场口语:面试与实习-你打算在这里工作多久?
实用职场口语:称赞与鼓励-工作安排与协调
实用职场口语:面试与实习-为什么你想辞去现在这个工作来我们公司?
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试结束后之询问面试结果 1
实用职场口语:面试与实习-面试实战篇之应聘机械工程师 2
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |