We can begin our discussion of population as global issue with what most persons mean when they discuss the population problem: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.
To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.
This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.
Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the worlds population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.
1.Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuse analogy?
A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.
B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.
C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.
D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lower mortality.
2.During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because___.
A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.
B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.
C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.
D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.
3.Which statement is true about population increase?
A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000.
B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.
C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year.
D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.
4.The author of the passage intends to___.
A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future.
B.compare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.
C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.
D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.
5.The word demographic in the first paragraph means___.
A.statistics of human.
B.surroundings study.
C.accumulation of human.
D.development of human.
答案:ABADA
蚊子和公牛:双语儿童寓言故事
一名伟人:双语儿童寓言故事
狮子国王-双语儿童寓言故事
老太太与医生-床边英语小故事
老板最大:双语儿童寓言故事
农夫的宝藏-床边英语小故事
狐狸与山羊-床边英语小故事
驴子和马-床边英语小故事
孩子与苎麻-双语儿童寓言故事
驴子与店主-床边英语小故事
Meeting the cast
蚊子和狮子-床边英语小故事
双语儿童寓言故事:Adding Eyes to a Dragon画龙点睛
儿童双语幽默小故事:兔子
儿童双语幽默小故事:猴子捞月
乌鸦喝水:双语儿童寓言故事
小鹿与他的父亲-双语儿童寓言故事
梁上君子-少儿英语故事
小鼹鼠和妈妈:双语儿童寓言故事
儿子向爸爸要钱:双语儿童寓言故事
危险意识-床边英语小故事
鲍姆看牙医-少儿英语故事
老狗的命运-床边英语小故事
骆驼:双语儿童寓言故事
画饼充饥-双语儿童寓言故事
口干舌燥的乌鸦-床边英语小故事
买电影票:双语儿童寓言故事
双语儿童寓言故事:A Good Boy好孩子
骄傲的苍鹭-床边英语小故事
他真是一个大人物:双语儿童寓言故事
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |