点击查看:
The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousions. Such extended families were suited for survival in slow paced __1__ societies. But such families are hard to __2__. They are immobile.Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family __3__ shed its excess weight and the so-called nuclear family emerged---a stripped-down, portable family unit __4__ only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more __5__ than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, __6__ even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process, a stePfurther by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more __7__ components, aman and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than teh ordinarily child-cluttered family.A __8__ may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in __9__ between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many __10__ will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.
A)transplant
B)solution
C)gadually
D)transport
E)elemental
F)conflict
G)continually
H)mobile
I)couples
J)agricultural
K)including
L)compromise
M)requires
N)primary
O)consisting
ANSWER:
1. 选J)。此处应填形容词,修饰名次societies。文章第一句就说The typical pre-industrial family...工业化之前的典型家庭模式......, 即extended family存在于工业化之前的社会,即agricultural society。故J)正确。选项中的primary最初的,原始的不符合原文意思。
2. 选A)。由be hard to do sth.可知,此处应填动词原形。They are immobile这样的家庭很难流动,这说明这样的家庭are hard to...,选项中由transplant和transport两个动词原形,前者指的是迁居,迁移,后者指的是运输,不难推断前者符合原文意思,故A)transplant正确。3. 选C)。因为这句话的句子结构完整,固此处应填副词。选项中的副词有gradually和continually,原文中...and the so-called nuclear family emerged.所谓的核心家庭便出现了,emerge的意思是浮现 ,强调经过一个过程后出现的。由此可以判断,这句话坏死说明核心家庭从无到有逐渐出现,而不是连续不断地出现,故选择C)gradually
4. 选O)。该句可拆分理解,即a family unit... of parents and a smell set of children 一个家庭单元......父母和不多的孩子,由此可以推出这里要填的词是表示包含,由......组成的。选项中的including和consisting均可以表示此意,但由原文中的of可排除including,consist of为固定刺诸,故O)为正确答案。
5. 选H)。从原文中的more...than可知,此处应填形容词,构成形容词的比较级结构。由第一段最后一句可知the traditional extended family是immobile,那么新型的家庭模式比旧的因该是更有流动性,故应选H)mobile,说明新型的家庭模式的优点。
6. 选M)。此处应填动词,作这句话的谓语。Super-industrialism超级工业化......更具流动性的家庭。可推知空格处应填表示需要,需求的词。requires表示出自一种迫切的需要而提出的要求,很明显选择M)requires。
7. 选E)。此处应填形容词,用来修饰名词components。文中说明家庭被减缩到最......的成员,即由男人和女人组成,男人和女人是一个家庭最基本的成员。选项中的E)elemental基本的,本质的,而N)primary主要的,最早的,原文强调的是男人和女人是一个家庭最basic的组成部分,故E)更符合原文意思。
8.选l)。此处应填名词。上段说两人家庭的优点,本句中提到rather than childlessness而不是不要孩子,说明晚要孩子是解决工作和孩子的折中的办法,故选项中的L)compromise妥协,折中符合文意。而solution虽然也表示解决办法,但不能表达夫妇们无可奈何的心情,故排除。
9.选F)。上题中已提到工作和要孩子之间存在矛盾即conflict,根据上下文意思,这个题相对容易。中 华 考 试 网
10.选I)。这段一直在说一个家庭里男人和女人因为工作和要孩子的事情发生争吵,那么将来要解决这个问题的仍然是家庭中的夫妻两人,故这里应填I)couples。
导读:The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousions. Such extended families were suited for survival in slow paced J)agricultural societies. But such families are hard to A)transplant. They are immobile.,第一段说明工业化前的大家庭模式的特点:很难流动。)
Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family C)gradually shed its excess weight and the so-called nuclear family emerged---a stripped-down, portable family unit O)consisting only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more H)mobile than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, M)requires even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process, a stePfurther by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more E)elemental components, aman and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than teh ordinarily child-cluttered family.
A D)transport may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in F)conflict between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many I)couples will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.
全文翻译:工业化之前的典型的家庭模式不仅包括许多孩子,而且还有很多其他的家庭成员----祖父母,叔叔,婶婶,堂兄妹等。这样的大家庭适合在慢节奏的农业社会中生存,但这样的家庭很难迁移和流动。工业化需要大量乐意并能够离开家乡外出寻找工作的工人,而且他们可以根据需要随时流动。这样,大家庭渐渐摆脱了多余的成员,而所谓的核心家庭便出现了:这种家庭是只包括父母和小孩的迁移方便的小家庭。这种远远比传统大家庭更易于流动的新型家庭模式便成为所有工业国家的标准模式。然而,超级工业化,即下一个阶段的生态科技的发展,要求家庭具有更大的流动性。因此我们期待:在将来,许多人采取继续进一步缩小的家庭模式。除了孩子,把家庭缩减到它的最基本成员,即只有一个男人和一个女人。夫妻两人,也许由于职业旗鼓相当,将比孩子成群的家庭在接受教育和处理社会问题方面更加爱得心应手,在更换工作类型和工作地点的方面更为有效。折中的解决办法就是推迟要孩子,而不是不要孩子。现在的男人和女人在忠于事业和抚养孩子之间总是引起冲突。在将来,许多夫妇会把全力以赴抚养孩子推迟到退休以后,以回避这一问题。
雅思提分技巧坚持浏览英语资讯网站
全球考生人数直逼百万 IELTS再度领跑全球
美味雅思词汇大集结中西饮食词汇大全
两所国内高校将凭雅思成绩招收留学生
雅思口试将从22日开始进行
名师点拨2月雅思考试写作话题预测
经验分享上班族首次考雅思喜获7分
雅思写作高分必读小作文句子模版总结
晒晒我的雅思心经7.5分考生经验分享
英语专业的学生如何准备雅思着重阅读和写作
专家点拨考雅思需要读透的几本书
中国雅思考生全球第一提前报名很有必要
雅思考生井喷上海今年新增29个考场
大一新生雅思考试由5点5上升至7分经验谈
时间紧材料多雅思复习时间巧妙安排
两所国内高校招留学生要求雅思成绩
正视雅思考试一些远比技巧重要的话题
谨遵稳准狠雅思考试备考新手指南
名师点津攻克鼠年雅思的两大新思路
如何检查雅思作文 十大建议有意想不到的收获
长沙雅思考试取消可免费转考全额退费
考生必看雅思口试必须具备的心理素质
今年沪上啥最热雅思火爆开考一瞥
考生超21万考雅思的人会越来越多
雅思听力提分秘籍听抄立体训练最有效
雅思考场G类全回忆
多方利好催热雅思考试 考生出现低龄化趋势
雅思考试共考4次报考持续火爆
国外多所高校拔高硕士入学雅思门槛
春季雅思备考已吹响集结号
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |