Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over themselves in their eagerness to sign collaborative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements, as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other: the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain, the other by trying to break into a market which isnt big enough to sustain it.
Technology transfer works in a growing market, where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device.
Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales. It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales, their sales must come from substitution, not expansion.
Given the complexity of todays airliners, it is unlikely that any new entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer. In the short term, such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant: most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.
In the short term, it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either components of complete air frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such a China, Taiwan or Korea, while retaining the design, development and marketing of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not heed the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills ( like computing ) at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metallbashing.
The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.
2019-2020浙江温州12中九年级上英语期中试题答案
山东临沂费县2019-2020七上英语期中题
2019-2020山东泰安岱岳九年级上英语期中试题答案
2019-2020黑龙江哈尔滨道外九年级上英语期中试卷答案
2019-2020甘肃张掖育才中学九年级上英语期中试卷
安徽淮南洞山中学初三2019~2020第二次月考试卷
江苏淮安各地2019七上期中卷完形填空
江苏宿迁各地2019七上期中试卷完成句子
江苏宿迁各地2019七上期中卷阅读表达答案
江苏宿迁各地2019七上期中卷单项选择
2019-2020山东昌邑九年级上英语期中试题
2019-2020山东泰安岱岳九年级上英语期中试题
江苏宿迁各地2019七上期中卷阅读表达
2019-2020天津河北九年级上英语期中试题
江苏宿迁各地2019七上期中卷完形填空
2019-2020山西大同灵丘赵北中学九年级上英语期中试题答案
江苏常州新北北郊中2019第一学期七期中卷()
2019-2020河南扶沟实验中学九年级上英语期中试题
2019-2020甘肃陇南八中九年级上英语期中试题答案
2019-2020陕西咸阳彩虹中学九年级上英语期中试题
江苏淮安各地2019七上期中卷完形填空答案
河南新野2019-2020秋期中七英语试卷
2019-2020山西大同灵丘赵北中学九年级上英语期中试题
河南潢川二中2019-2020上期中七英语卷答案()
2019-2020内蒙古乌海十二中初三上英语期中试卷
2019-2020山东临沂河东九年级上英语期中试题
2019-2020浙江温州南浦实验九年级上英语期中试题
浙江温州瑞安集云实验2019第一学期期中卷
江苏镇江2019第一学期七期中英语卷答案
2019-2020河南许昌长葛九年级上英语期中试卷
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |