Colleges and Universities
More than 60 percent of all high school graduates continue their formal education after graduation. Many attend colleges that offer four-year programs leading to a bachelors degree. College students are called undergraduates, and their four years of study are divided into the freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior years. In most colleges the first two years are designed to provide a broad general education, and during this time the college student is usually required to take courses in general areas of study, such as English, science, foreign languages, and social science. By the junior year the student begins to major in one particular field of study, or discipline.
Some institutions of higher learning offer only the four-year college program. A university offers graduate or post-college programs, as well. Graduate degrees in fields such as English literature, chemistry, and history are granted by graduate schools of arts and sciences. These schools may offer one- or two-year programs leading to a masters degree , and programs lasting three years or more that lead to the degree of doctor of Philosophy . A candidate for a Ph. D. must meet certain course requirements in his field, pass written and oral examinations, and present a written thesis based on original research. Some universities offer postdoctoral programs that extend study and research beyond the Ph. D.
Many universities also have what are called professional schools for study in such fields as law, medicine, engineering, architecture, social work, business, library science, and education. Professional schools differ widely in their requirements for admission and the lengths of their programs. Medical students, for example, must complete at least three years of premedical studies at an undergraduate school before they can enter the three- or four-year program at a medical school. Engineering and architecture students, on the other hand, can enter a four- or five-year professional school immediately upon completion of secondary school.
The various disciplines, or fields of study, are organized by department. These departments are staffed by faculty members ranging from full professors to
instructors. A full professor has tenure, which is permanent appointment with guaranteed employment at the institution until his retirement. Ranking below the full professors are the associate professors, who may or may not have tenure, depending on the policy of the particular college or university. Next are the assistant professors, who do not have tenure. At the bottom of this academic ladder are the instructors. They are usually young teachers who have just received their doctorates or will receive them shortly. Sometimes graduate students are employed as part-time teaching assistants while they are completing their graduate work.
Today almost 5 million men and more than 3 million women attend more than 2500 colleges and universities. Approximately 85 percent of these schools are coeducational, which means that both men and women are enrolled in the same institutions. Colleges range in size from a few hundred students to many thousands. Several universities have more than 20, 000 undergraduate and graduate students on one campus. A number of large state institutions maintain branches on several different campuses throughout the state. Classes vary from seminars, or small discussion groups, of fewer than twenty to large lecture courses for hundreds of students.
国际英语资讯:UN chief asks Security Council to support Sahel force
全球首个机器人公民沙特诞生
投资规模比肩美国 中国'脑计划'预计年底出台
网信办对新浪微博、百度及腾讯作出行政处罚
体坛英语资讯:Former Chinese champions Shandong Luneng miss out on ACL ticket after 3-0 defeat
国内英语资讯:Ruling parties of China, Laos pledge further cooperation for closer bilateral ties
体坛英语资讯:Mandli wins FEI World Cup jumping title
保罗•沃克诉讼案完结!女儿撤诉保时捷公司
史泰龙客串《我们这一天》,网友惊呼太棒啦
我国发布国家公园发展及管理总体方案
国内首次! 云南民族大学招瑜伽方向硕士!
国际英语资讯:Schoolboys arrested in Yorkshire on suspicion of terrorism offences
国内英语资讯:Xi vows to promote healthy, stable development of China-Vietnam ties
看老外如何用英语拒绝搭讪
想做个自由职业者?你需要学会这5点
2017下半年英语四级作文模板:在宿舍里养宠物
6000片树叶做出美裙 原来他们是这么做到的!
老外在中国:和平与和解从我做起
The Prize I Get 我得到的奖励
Remittance, payment 和 pay 的区别
科学家找到决定怀孕成功的关键基因
英语中可数名词的用法测验
国际英语资讯:Spate of deaths in Ecuador from drinking methanol rises to 15
相关部门对网上花钱刷微信投票的行为发出警告
体坛英语资讯:Zheng and Chen fail to defend, Chinese team miss out top podium at BWF French Open
6000片树叶做出美裙 原来他们是这么做到的!
国内英语资讯:China to extend pilot corruption supervision program nationwide
国内英语资讯:Two new airports open in China
中国成为亚洲最大的留学目的国
体坛英语资讯:Ruusuvuori crowned at 2017 ITF Junior Masters
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |