Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over themselves in their eagerness to sign collaborative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements, as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other: the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain, the other by trying to break into a market which isnt big enough to sustain it.
Technology transfer works in a growing market, where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device.
Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales. It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales, their sales must come from substitution, not expansion.
Given the complexity of todays airliners, it is unlikely that any new entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer. In the short term, such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant: most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.
In the short term,, it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either components of complete air frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such a China, Taiwan or Korea, while retaining the design, development and marketing of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not heed the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metallbashing.
The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.
1.The authors attitude towards Western/eastern collaboration can be depicted as ________.
A.positive B.progressive C.conservative D.negative
2.The airliner market is not such a device means that the airliner market _______.
A.does not encourage technology transfer
B.is too limited to offer chances of success
C.requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devices
D.is full of competitions even for new entrants
3.Established manufacturers search for partners in order to _______.
A.save the cost of the airframe B.improve some aircraft components
C.save the cost of labour D.develop new technology
4.According to the author, a wise established manufacturer should ______.
A.try to benefit from both financial and technical resources
B.break up his partnership with the East once profits are made
C:keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airliners
D.collaborate with Asian partners for a short time
5.The word base in the last paragraph represents_______.
A.a production place
B.the initial operation of building aircraft
C.a research institute
D.a position where to start building
六年级英语家庭作业题集
2016年小学一年级上学期英语寒假作业
湘少版小学四年级英语下册重点词组同步练习
六年级家庭作业英语阅读 :我眼中的国庆节
2013年家庭作业六年级上册英语同步练习题
2013年六年级英语家庭作业单元测试题
六年级英语家庭作业自我测试
六年级英语家庭作业精选题
最新小学一年级上册英语寒假作业
讲解小学四年级上册英语寒假作业答案
2016年小学五年级英语上学期寒假作业
分析小学二年级英语寒假作业如何布置
2016年小学一年级寒假上学期作业英语
2013年六年级英语家庭作业期末考试题
六年级家庭作业英语阅读理解练习题
品读小学一年级英语上学期寒假作业
小学六年级家庭作业英语时态练习题
2016年小学一年级英语寒假作业答案
讲解小学二年级上册英语寒假作业答案
2016年小学二年级英语寒假作业答案梳理
解析小学快乐寒假答案五年级英语作业参考
小学六年级英语家庭作业课后检测
分析小学一年级小学生英语寒假作业
2016年小学一年级英语寒假作业答案集锦
六年级家庭作业英语阅读理解练习题及答案
2016年小学五年级上册英语寒假作业答案
分析小学四年级英语寒假作业答案
小学六年级家庭作业英语词组巩固练习
小学六年级家庭作业英语试卷精选
2016年小学二年级寒假作业英语答案
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |