英语六级仔细阅读答案解析

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A). B). C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

　　Texting has long been bemoaned between texters, easing tension and creating a sense of equality. Instead of having a literal meaning, it does something - conveying an attitude just like the -ed ending conveys past tense rather than meaning anything. LOL. of all things, is grammar.

　　Of course no one thinks about that consciously. But then most of communication operates without being noticed. Over time, the meaning of a word or an expression drifts meat used to mean any kind of food, silly used to mean, believe it or not，blessed.

　　Civilization, then，is fine 一 people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills. Worldwide people speak differently from the way they write, and texting -quick, casual and only intended to be read once is actually a way of talking with your fingers.

　　56. What do critics say about texting?

　　A) It is mainly confined to youngsters.

　　B) It competes with traditional writing.

　　C) It will ruin the written language.

　　D) It is often hard to understand.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到批评者对短消息的评价，这出现在首段首句。这里批评者哀叹短消息是downfall of the written word。downfall对应ruin，written word对应written language。

　　57. In what way does the author say writing is different from talking?

　　A) It is crafted with specific skills.

　　B) It expresses ideas more accurately.

　　C) It does not have as long a history.

　　D) It is not as easy to comprehend.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干所问的书面语与口语的区别出现在第二段。本段，作者用两者历史长短的差异引出了两者特点的差异：书面语是出现在口语之后的一种工艺。下文具体举例，体现了书面语突出句子的技术性。这都对应A选项。C选项所说的 书面语历史不如口语久 在本段有提及，但并非是作者强调的两者的区别。其它选项未提及。

　　58. Why is LOL much used in texting?

　　A) It brings texters closer to each other.

　　B) It shows the texter s sophistication.

　　C) It is a trendy way to communicate.

　　D) It adds to the humor of the text.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到LOL在短信中的功能，出现在第四段。该段开头指出LOL并不是简单的字面意思，而是演变为了更微妙、复杂的含义。我该段中间进一步举例指出，LOL可以消除对话双方的紧张、创造公平感。这即被改写为brings texters closer。

　　59. Examples like meat and silly are cited to show__________.

　　A) the difference between writing and talking

　　B) how differently words are used in texting

　　C) why people use the words the way they do

　　D) the gradual change of word meaning

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到meat和silly的例子被引用是为了说明什么。文中meat和silly出现在第五段末的破折号后，而破折号前即是这两个词作为例子要论证的观点：词与表达的意思会随着时间变化。这对应的即是D选项。

　　60. What does the author think of texting?

　　A) It facilitates exchange of ideas among people.

　　B) It is a new form of verbal communication.

　　C) It deteriorates people s composition skills.

　　D) It hastens the decline of the written word.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：本题所问的作者对短信息的观点集中出现在末段。末段首句作者提出发短信并不会导致写作技能的衰退。第二句提到发短信事实上是一种用手指说话的方式，这对应的就是B选项的意思。

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 61 to 65are based on the following passage.

　　Its possible to admire Oprah Winfrey and still wish Harvard hadnt awarded her an honorary doctor of law degree and the commencementspeaker spot at yesterdays graduation. Theres no question Oprahs achievements place her in the temple of American success stories. Talent, charm, and an exceptional work ethic have rarely hurled anyone of worlds most successful entertainment icons and the first African-American female billionaire.

　　Honorary degrees are often conferred on non-academic leaders in the arts, business, and politics. Harvards list in recent years has included Kofi fi Annan, Bill Gates, Meryl Streep, and David Souter. But Oprahs particular brand of celebrity is not a good fit for the values of a university whose motto(座右铭), Veritas, means truth. Oprahs passionate advocacy extends, unfortunately, to a hearty embrace of fake science. Most notoriously, Oprahs validation of Jenny McCarthys claim that vaccines cause autismhas no doubt contributed to much harm through the foolish avoidance of vaccines.

　　Famous people are entitled to a few failings, like the rest of us, and the choice of commencement speakers often reflects a balance of institutional priorities and aspirations. Judging from our conversations with many students. Oprah was a widely popular choice.

　　But this vote of confidence in Oprah sends a troubling message at precisely the time when American universities need to do more to advance the cause of reason. As former Dean of Harvard College. Harry Lewis, noted in a blog post about his objections. It seems very odd for Harvard to honor such a high profile popularizer of the irrational at a time when political and religious nonsense so jeopardize the rule of reason in this allegedly enlightened democracy and around the world.

　　As America s oldest and most visible university. Harvard has a special opportunity to convey its respect for science not only through its research and teaching programs but also in its public affirmation of evidence-based inquiry.

　　Unfortunately，many American universities seem awfully busy protecting their brand name and not nearly busy enough protecting the pursuit of knowledge. A recent article in The Harvard Crimson noted the shocking growth of Harvard s public relations arm in the last five years and it questioned whether a focus on risk management and avoiding controversy was really the best outward-looking face of this great institution.

　　As American research universities begin to resemble profit centers and entertainment complexes, it s easy to lose sight of their primary mission; to produce and spread knowledge. This mission depends on traditions of rational discourse and vigorous defense of the scientific method. Oprah Winfrey s honorary doctorate was a step in the wrong direction.

　　61. What do we learn about Oprah Winfrey from the passage?

　　A) She was a distinguished graduate of Harvard School of Law.

　　B) She worked her way to success in the entertainment industry.

　　C) She used to abuse her children when she was a young mother.

　　D) She achieved her fame through persistent advocacy of fake science.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：文章首段介绍了关于Oprah Winfrey的信息。首段末提到她为one of the world s most successful entertainment icons，这对应的就是B选项。其它几个选项，A称其为 哈佛大学法学院 的著名毕业生，但首段首句明确提出哈佛只是给她办法荣誉博士学位，可知她本人并非哈佛毕业。C说她曾 虐待自己的小孩 ，但首段末句只是提到她本人曾被虐待、且曾是一位年轻的母亲。D称她通过长期支持伪科学而有名。第二段第四句确实提及Opera支持伪科学理论，但这并非她成名之道，她是由娱乐界的身份而成名的。

　　62. Why does the author deem it inappropriate for Harvard to confer an honorary degree on Oprah Winfrey?

　　A) She did not specialize in the study of law.

　　B) She was known as a supporter of fake science.

　　C) She was an icon of the entertainment industry.

　　D) She had not distinguished herself academically.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到作者认为哈佛不应该给Oprah颁发荣誉学位的原因，作者在第二段第三句中提到了这个观点。原因出现在第四句，作者提出Oprah一致相当拥护伪科学理论。这对应的即是B选项。

　　63. How did Harry Lewis react to Harvard s decision in his blog post?

　　A) He was strongly against it.

　　B) He considered it unpopular.

　　C) He thought it would help enhance Harvard s reputation.

　　D) He thought it represented the will of the Harvard community.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到的Harry Lewis在Blog spot中对哈佛行为的评价出现在文章第四段第二句，这里明确说道Harry表示了他对此行为的反对，并举他具体的话强调了他认为哈佛决定的不妥以及不合时宜。这对应的是A选项。其它选项都无法体现Harry的强烈负面态度。

　　64. What is the author s regret about many American universities?

　　A) They show inadequate respect for evidence-based inquiry.

　　B) They fall short of expectations in reaching and research.

　　C) They attach too much importance to public relations.

　　D) They are tolerant of political and religious nonsense.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到作者对许多美国大学的遗憾，这直接对应第六段段首的unfortunately，其后面的内容应该就是令作者感到遗憾的事。这里作者提到许多美国大学只忙于维护品牌，对追求知识的保护则不足够。这里的not enough即对应inadequate。考虑到上段末作者曾提到哈佛这类大学应该要公开肯定基于证据的质询，而affirmation对应respect。结合上述信息与本段首的unfortunately，可知这里作者想表达的也就应该是这些大学对于evidence-based inquiry的肯定做得不够。

　　65. What does the author think a prestigious university like Harvard should focus on?

　　A) Cultivation of student creativity.

　　B) Defense of the scientific method.

　　C) Liberation of the human mind.

　　D) Pursuit of knowledge and truth.

　　ANSWER 答案

　　2014年6月英语六级仔细阅读答案解析：题干问到作者认为像哈佛这种著名大学应该关注的方面是什么，这对应末段首句作者提到的primary mission，因此这里提到的produce and spread knowledge即应该是正确答案信息，对应的也只有D 选项。D选项是同意替换，对知识和真理的追求。