在文章的浏览过程中,对文中信息重要性的判断可以帮助读者快速有效地了解段落的大意。在浏览过程中,读者可以通过寻找信号词来区分重要信息和非重要信息。以下列出的是阅读过程中常见的几类信号词。
1.以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息:
The main / important point / conclusion / reason.
The point to note here
2.以下词组提示了下文的结构框架:
There are three major reasons
3.but 和 however表示对比,常常用来提示重要信息,例如:
The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the
death rate.
4.在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示读者答案中有重要信息,例如:
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.
5.有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
6.文章的结论通常是非常重要的,因此,读者要在文中寻找提示结论的信号词,例如:
Thereforethe result
In conclusionwe can conclude
One of the primary conclusions
7.举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文是举例部分信息。
For example/instancelike
Such asthese include
To illustrateamong these are
有时,作者也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息,例如:
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply
在段落浏览时,读者在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息作出相应的判断,例如: The main reason for the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved
public health measures. For example, in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria.
Why is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point . For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words,
the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
牛津实用英语语法 :319以 will you?/would you?/could you?
牛津实用英语语法:355 辅音字母的双写
牛津实用英语语法:360 ie和ei
牛津实用英语语法:349 基数词的几点注意事项
牛津实用英语语法:347 so和not可替代that从句
牛津实用英语语法:323惊叹句及yes和no变为间接引语
牛津实用英语语法:351 序数词的几点注意事项
牛津实用英语语法:305 介词与被动态动词连用
牛津实用英语语法:352日期
牛津实用英语语法:317 间接引语中的问句
牛津实用英语语法:362 短语动词
牛津实用英语语法:330 for 和 because
牛津实用英语语法:335 用于go和come之后的目的不定式
牛津实用英语语法:353度量衡
牛津实用英语语法:311 间接陈述中的might,ought to,should,wo
牛津实用英语语法:312 could用于间接引语
牛津实用英语语法:354 引语
牛津实用英语语法:309 过去时态有时保持不变
牛津实用英语语法:331 用于表示时间的when,while,as
牛津实用英语语法:346 名词从句作动词宾语
牛津实用英语语法:343 作主语的名词从句
牛津实用英语语法:333 as,when,while意为although(尽管)
牛津实用英语语法:306 被动态动词后的不定式结构
牛津实用英语语法:338 原因从句和结果/原因从句
牛津实用英语语法:320间接引语中的命令、请求、劝告
牛津实用英语语法:361 连字号
牛津实用英语语法:345 位于某些名词之后的that从句
牛津实用英语语法:332 as意为when/while(当……时)
无敌英语语法(初级版)
牛津实用英语语法:339 such/so…that引导的结果从句
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