In the last 12 years total employment in the United States grew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country from 82 to 110 million between 1973 and 1985 that is, by a full one third. The entire growth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially in no blue-collar jobs
This trend is the same in all developed countries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highly probable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States and Japan will employ no larger a proportion of the labor force I n manufacturing than developed countries now employ in farming at most, 10 percent. Today the United States employs around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturing industries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. In some major industries the drop will be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic, for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ more than one third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even though production might be 50 percent higher.
If a company, an industry or a country does not in the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and at the same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope to remain competitive or even to remain developed. The attempt to preserve such blue collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment
This is not a conclusion that American politicians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understand or accept. What confuses the issue even more it that the United States is experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturing economy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capital for manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a few decades ago, we now speak of robotization or automation. This is actually more a change in terminology than a change in reality. When Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1909, he cut the number of man hours required to produce a motor car by some 80 percent in two or three years far more than anyone expects to result from even the most complete robotization. But there is no doubt that we are facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers by machines that is, by the products of knowledge.
1.According to the author, the shrinkage in the manufacturing labor force demonstrates______.
A.the degree to which a countrys production is robotized
B.a reduction in a countrys manufacturing industries
C.a worsening relationship between labor and management
D.the difference between a developed country and a developing country
2.According to the author, in coming 25years, a developed country or industry, in order t remain competitive, ought to ______.
A.reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work force
B.preserve blue collar jobs for international competition
C.accelerate motor can manufacturing in Henry Fords style
D.solve the problem of unemployment
3.American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike_____.
A.confusion in manufacturing economy
B.an increase in blue collar work force
C.internal competition in manufacturing production
D.a drop in the blue collar job opportunities
4.The word prescription in a prescription for unemployment may be the equivalent to ______
A.something recommended as medical treatment
B.a way suggested to overcome some difficulty
C.some measures taken in advance
D.a device to dire
5.This passage may have been excepted from ________
A.a magazine about capital investment
B.an article on automation
C.a motor-car magazine
D.an article on global economy
答案:AADCD
体坛英语资讯:China confirmed as host of AFC Asian Cup 2023
国际英语资讯:Venezuelas Supreme Court seeks to strip Guaido of parliamentary immunity
外国男子手持牛油果抢银行竟得逞两次!
Playing Ping-pong 打乒乓球
国内英语资讯:Chinese embassy in Manila memorizes fallen Philippine Chinese in WWII
联合国:2100年全球人口将达到109亿
国际英语资讯:BiH authorities urged to address increasing number of migrants
国际英语资讯:British lawmakers reject all four Brexit options in second round of unbinding vote
哪些瓜果的皮能吃,但没人知道?
国内英语资讯:FM Wang Yi holds talks with Dutch counterpart
体坛英语资讯:Kenya tennis team upbeat ahead of Africa Junior championships
青少年睡眠不足的危害
国内英语资讯:Top political advisor calls for efforts to promote China-Africa cooperation
体坛英语资讯:Alaves confirm signing of forward Lucas Perez
BBC推荐:四月份最值得一看的4部电影
国内英语资讯:China Focus: Rescue operation continues as death toll rises to 13 in China earthquake
国际英语资讯:Chinese delegation follows up on Lebanons new conservatory
国内英语资讯:FACTBOX: Key takeaways on Belt and Road Initiative development
国内英语资讯:China introduces negative-list approach in latest Sino-Korea FTA talks
国内英语资讯:Senior legislator stresses law enforcement to improve higher education
国际英语资讯:Year of tourism for China, Pacific island countries launched to promote cultural, personnel
国际英语资讯:Rwanda looks to first China-Africa trade expo to advance local products
My Secret 我的秘密
穿紧身裤也有罪?美国母亲遭网友反击
国际英语资讯:Interview: China-Africa expo to boost economic and trade ties
报告指出 短视频推动互联网增长
体坛英语资讯:Klopp not yet done with Liverpool, says Hitzfeld
裸体动物有伤风化协会建议给宠物穿衣
国内英语资讯:China, New Zealand agree to deepen comprehensive strategic partnership
亚马逊推出信用卡了,面向信用不太好的人
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |