电影幕后技工

　　2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 　　Skilled labour 　　技工 　　Behind the scenes 　　在幕后 　　What a shortage of workers on film sets in Georgiasays about America 　　美国称，乔治亚州电影现场面临工作人员的严重短缺问题 　　THE recent arrival of aliens and murderous youth insuburban Atlanta might seem like cause for concern. But they are merely characters in filmsshot at the Atlanta Media Campus and Studios, the largest complex of its kind outsideCalifornia. The lot has hosted the final two instalments of The Hunger Games and The FifthWave, an upcoming science-fiction film. What ought to worry local residents is Georgia sinability to produce workers who can build the sets, run the wires or manage the sound forsuch films. This skills shortage may endanger the $4 billion or so that Jim Jacoby, whosefirm plans to redevelop the complex, reckons the film industry could bring to the state thisyear. 　　在亚特兰大郊区，新到的外侨以及凶残的青年有可能会成为一个令人担忧的问题。但是在亚特兰大传媒学校以及工作室里，这些人却不是电影里的角色。该地已经迎来了饥饿游戏系列的两部电影以及电影第五波。让当地居民担心的是，乔治亚州无法自产工作员工，这些员工的工作包括建造电影现场、控制电路或者为这类电影控制声效。这种技能的缺失将会造成大约40亿美元的损失，而这笔钱目恰恰是有重建综合设施的电影计划的吉姆雅各比预估电影产业今年将产生的利润。 　　Georgia offers generous tax incentives to lure production companies. They can receive acredit for up to 30% of the costs incurred while making movies, as long as they spend morethan $500,000. This convinced Mathew Hayden to move his firm, Cinipix, from California toGeorgia. But Mr Hayden still imports many workers from Florida and New York. It s a bigconcern, he says. The state s movie business will only prove as profitable as its workersprove employable. 　　为了吸引生产公司，乔治亚州开出了大量税率奖励条件。在制作电影时，只要生产公司花费超过50万美元，他们就可以收到实际费用的30%的信贷。马修海登心动了，为此他把自己的电影公司Cinipix从加利福尼亚州迁到乔治亚州。但是海登先生依然从弗洛里达州和纽约招募大量工作人员。他说，这是一个很大的问题。州的电影产业只有在该地的员工可以被录用的情况，才能够产生利润。 　　Georgia s skills shortage goes beyond the film industry. For every four tradesmen that retirejust one takes their place, even though the state s unemployment rate hovers around 7.4%,over a point higher than the national rate. But a similar problem, albeit in less acute form,is in evidence across America. More than half of the country s tradesmen are aged over 45.According to the Department of Labour, America will need 41,700 more cement masons, 114,700 more electricians and 218,200 more carpenters by 2022. The government alreadyspends around $17 billion a year trying to close what the president, Barack Obama, calls theskills gap. On July 22nd Mr Obama signed laws that he said would make job-trainingprogrammes that receive federal money more effective, more responsive to employersand more accountable for results. 　　比起电影工业，乔治亚州技工的缺失更为严重。即使州失业率徘徊在7.4%，且远高于国家失业率，四个商人退休也只有一个人顶替。然而，一个类似的问题，尽管没那么急型，在美国却显而易见。超过有一半的商人年龄高于45岁。劳工部称，到2022年，美国将还需要4.17万名泥瓦匠、11.47万名电工以及21.82万名木匠。政府每年已经花费170亿美元，努力去解决奥巴马总统口中的技能鸿沟问题。7月22日，奥巴马总统签署了法律文件，该法律将使得由联邦出资的岗位培训项目更加高效、更加负责。 　　One such programme is Go Build Georgia, which teaches teenagers a trade. But efforts totrain young people as plumbers or pipe-fitters run up against concern from parents. Insteadof being proud to raise a future welder, everyone wants to believe that their child will go toHarvard, says Matthew Gambill, the director of the Georgia Association for Career andTechnical Education. Despite the lower cost of a skills-based education and the solid jobprospects, enrolment at technical colleges has dropped 23% since recession-strickenstudents clamoured for entry in 2010. 　　其中一个项目叫做建造乔治亚，该项目教年轻人学会交易。但是训练年轻人成为水管工却引发了父母的担忧。乔治亚职业与技术教育协会的主任马修甘比尔说道，不以培养一个未来的焊接工为豪，每个人都希望他们的小孩会去读名校。暂且不说技工教育的低费用以及坚实的就业前景，自2010年经济不景气学生要求入学，技校的升学率已经下降了23%。 　　Still, Georgia is pouring money into training, and targeting industries such as the moviebusiness that are particularly short of skilled labour. It spent $24m last year on the teachingof trades in schools, while the state s technical colleges received $318m. Some of theseinstitutions are already collaborating with film studios to design specialist courses. LeeThomas, the deputy commissioner of Georgia s film, music and digital entertainmentoffice, says a stand-alone academy is also in the works for those who wish to become starsbehind the scenes. 　　尽管如此，乔治亚州依旧投入大量资金支持培训，而且瞄准急需技工的电影产业。去年，就学校教交易课投入2400万美元，而州技校则投入3.18亿美元。一些这样的机构已经与电影工作室合作，开设专业课程。乔治亚影视音乐数字娱乐办公室的副总监李汤姆说，一所独立学院也同样为那些希望成名的幕后工作者提供帮助。 　　Mr Jacoby, though, is taking matters into his own hands. By next summer he wants theAtlanta Media Campus to host a school that will teach students how to work on a film set.American firms spent $162 billion training their employees in 2012. The success of MrJacoby s investment in Georgia may depend on whether he can bridge its skills gap. 　　雅各比先生正在考虑自行其事。到明年夏天，他希望亚特兰大传媒大学能开设一个教学生如何在电影现场工作的学院。2012年，美国电影业投资1620亿美元来培训工作人员。雅各比先生在乔治亚投资的成功将取决于他能否消除技能鸿沟。 　　1.plan to 计划 　　Father vetoed our plan to buy a new car. 　　父亲不同意我们购买新汽车的计划。 　　They referred their plan to the management. 　　他们将计划提交管理部门。 　　2.bring to 采用 　　So, first things first, get clear on who you are and what value you bring to the world. 　　因此，首先，也是最重要的事是，你要清楚你是谁，你可以为这个世间带来什么。 　　I love you not for the things you would bring to me but to accept everything you could bring. 　　真爱，不是因为你能带给我什么而爱你，而是因为爱你而准备接受你所带来的一切。 　　3.as long as 只要 　　So we can do this directly as long as we have certain types of information. 　　因此，只要知道了一定类型的信息,我们就可以直接做到这一点。 　　Why, in its presence, should I deny the joy of living, as long as I know everything is notincluded in this joy? 　　为什么在生活的快乐明明存在时，只要我知道一切都不存在于这种快乐中，我就会否认这种快乐?