考研英语范文阅读理解模拟试题及答案解析(一)

　　With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewersin Asia and America can now watch the Corporation s news coverage, as well aslisten to it. 　　And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to twoBBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of localradio station. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and currentaffairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children s programmes andfilms for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. 　　It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years - yet theBBC s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-fundedbroadcasting organisation, at least for the time being, but its role, its sizeand its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. 　　The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone withan opinion of the BBC - including ordinary listeners and viewers - to say whatwas good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it wasworth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC s royal charter runsout in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organisation as it is, or tomake changes. 　　Defenders of the Corporation - of whom there are many - are fond ofquoting the American slogan. If it ain t broke, don t fix it. The BBC ain tbroke, they say, by which they mean it is not broken , so why bother to change it? 　　Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting worldaround it is changing. The commercial TV channels - ITV and Channel 4 - wererequired by the Thatcher Government s Broadcasting Act to become morecommercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs andjobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels - funded partly byadvertising and partly by viewers subscriptions - which will bring about thebiggest changes in the long term. 　　55. The world famous BBC now faces ________. 　　（A） the problem of new coverage （B） an uncertainprospect 　　（C） inquiries by the general public （D） shrinkageof audience 　　56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is notmentioned as the key issue? 　　（A） Extension of its TV service to Far East. 　　（B） Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate. 　　（C） Potentials for further international co-operations. 　　（D） Its existence as a broadcasting organisation. 　　57. The BBC s royal charter （line 4, paragraph 4） stands for________. 　　（A） the financial support from the royal family 　　（B） the privileges granted by the Queen 　　（C） a contract with the Queen 　　（D） a unique relationship with the royal family 　　58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is noother than ________. 　　（A） the emergence of commercial TV channels 　　（B） the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government 　　（C） the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs 　　（D） the challenge of new satellite channels 　　答案及试题解析 　　试题解析： 　　55. （B） 　　意为：前景不定。 　　第三段指出，英国广播公司（BBC）已有70多年的光辉历程，然而，目前其前景不明（in doubt）。虽然（至少就目前而言）作为一个公办广播机构，广播公司将继续存在下去，但是，其作用、规模、节目成为目前英国举国上下争论的话题。第四段指出，这场争论是由政府发起的。政府要求普通听众和观众评论广播公司的优缺点-甚至于值不值得把它办下去（was worth keeping）。最后一段指出，广播公司也的确面临着新的挑战，它只有改变自己才能适应新的形势。 　　A意为：资讯报道（的范围）问题。 　　C意为：公众的质询。公众并未主动对广播公司的发展前景及状况评头论足，而是政府要求他们这样做的。 　　D意为：观（听）众的减少。 　　56. （C） 　　意为：进一步进行国际合作的潜力。 　　最后一段指出，由于广播领域（broadcasting world）正在发生变化，英国广播公司也应改变自己，以适应新形势。撤切尔政府制定的广播法要求电视频道进一步商业化、搞广告竞争并削减开支与劳务。新电视频道的开播将带来长远的巨变。可见，这里并未提到国际合作问题。 　　A意为：将电视广播扩展到远东地区。第一段指出，随着英国广播公司国际电视节目的开播，数百万亚洲和美洲人不仅可以听到它的广播，还可以观看到它的电视资讯报道（news coverage）。文章最后一段还提到了卫星频道将会给广播公司带来最大的变化。 　　B意为：电视节目成为举国上下谈论的话题。 　　D意为：它作为广播机构的存在。 　　另请参阅第55题题解。 　　57. （C）可直译为：与女王签的契约。 　　众所周知，英国是君主立宪国家，国王代表国家。因此，与女王签约就等于说该公司是国家办的广播公司（a publicly-funded broadcasting station），而不是私营的。charter意为：契约，特许证。原句可译为：质询的原因是：广播公司的皇家契约1996年将要到期，因此必须决定广播公司是保持原样还是要改革。 　　A意为：皇族的财政支持。皇族指国王的家庭，与国家是两码事。 　　B意为：女王准予的一系列特权。 　　D意为：与皇族的特殊关系。 　　58. （D） 　　意为：新电视频道的挑战。 　　该题提问部分意为：英国广播公司不得不自行调整的最主要原因恰恰是。文章最后一句指出：从长远的观点来看，新电视频道的开播将无疑会带来最大的变化（注意：本句是强调句）。另请参阅第56题题解。 　　A意为：商业性电视频道的出现。 　　B意为：政府广播法的实施。 　　C意为：降低成本和劳务的紧迫性。 　　（A）、（B）、（C）虽然都提到了，但都不是作为主要原因而提的。 　　翻译句子 　　1、The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone withan opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers-to say what wasgood or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worthkeeping. 　　[参考译文] 这场争论是由政府发起的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人-包括普通的听众和观众-来说说这个好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。 　　[结构剖析] 这个句子的主干结构是 The debate was launched by the Government，使用了被动语态。后面which 引导定语从句 which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC修饰government，定语从句中不定式 to say 后面是两个并列的宾语从句，一个由 what 引导，一个由 whether 引导，两部分用 and 连接，副词 even 表示进一步强调。另外两个破折号之间的部分属于插入成分，是用来进一步定义 anyone 的。anyone 后面的 with 介词词组也是用来修饰 anyone 的。 　　[阅读重点] 重点是要弄清楚后面定语从句，两个宾语从句，还有插入成分之间的层次关系。另外要注意 be worth doing 的用法，这一结构本身就可以表达被动含义，因而 the Corporation was worth keeping 就是英国广播公司值得被保留的意思。 　　2、But it is the arrival of new satellite channels-funded partly byadvertising and partly by viewers subscriptions-which will bring about thebiggest changes in the long term. 　　[参考译文] 但是新的卫星频道的到来它的资金一部分来自于广告，一部分来自于观众的收视费将从长远意义上导致最巨大的变化。 　　[结构剖析] 首先这个句子使用了强调结构 it iswhich，which 指代前面的 channels。破折号中间部分的插入成分相当于定语，（which are） funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptions 修饰 channels，其中 and 连接两个 partlyby。 　　[阅读重点] 注意 bring about 在句中的含义是引起、导致、产生。 　　难句解析 　　1、They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and currentaffairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children s programmes andfilms for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. 　　[参考译文] 每户每年支付83英镑的的收视费用就可以收看体育运动、喜剧、戏剧、音乐、资讯与时事、教育、宗教、关于议会的报道、儿童节目和电影。 　　[结构剖析] 句子的主干结构是 They are broughtfor an annual license fee，其中谓语部分使用了被动语态。实际结构是bring 后接双宾语 bring sb. sth.，在这句话中，直接宾语很长，是一系列名词的罗列，前面的名词用逗号连接，最后两个并列成分用and 连接。 　　[阅读重点] 重点要注意 they 指代前面提到的 listeners and viewers，这里使用了 bring sb. sth. 这一结构的被动式 sb. was brought sth.。介词 for 在这里相当于 at the price of。另外 news and current affairs 中的 and 是连接 news 和 currentaffairs 的，而这个词组作为一个整体与其它的名词 music、education 等并列。 　　2、The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcastingorganization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and itsprogrammes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. 　　[参考译文] 英国广播公司将作为一个公共基金支持的广播组织存在下来，至少目前会这样，但是它的角色、它的规模和它的节目现在在英国成了全国上下的讨论话题。 　　[结构剖析] 句子的结构是 but 连接了两个转折关系的句子。其中 at least for the time being 前后用逗号与句子其它部分分开，是插入语。前一句子的主干结构是 The Corporation will survive as，后一句子的主干结构是 itsrole, its size and its programs are now the subject。 　　[阅读重点] The Corporation 指代前面提到的 BBC=British Broadcast Corporation。另外注意 as 的用法，这里它用作介词，是作为的意思。publicly-funded 由公众提供资金的；nation-wide 全国范围内的。 　　3、The BBC ain t broke, they say, by which they mean it is not broken, so why bother tochange it? 　　[参考译文] 他们说英国广播公司没有破产（broke），他们的意思是说它没有垮掉（broken 和单词 broke 是有区别的，broke 的意思是没有钱），那为什么要自找麻烦去改变它呢？ 　　[结构剖析] 这句话是 so 连接的两个因果关系的句子。they say 是插入语。which 引导定语从句修饰前面引号中的部分 ain t broke。 　　[阅读重点] 注意 which 指代的是前面引号中的部分；而且注意区别 broke 和 broken 在这里的不同意思。why do sth. 这里是个反问句，是不太正式的用法。注意在此处，作者修正了前面美国俚语 ain t broke 中 broke 一词的用法错误，指出其应该被写为 broken。 　　语言点详解 　　1. coverage 资讯报道 　　[扩充词汇] coverage n.覆盖，总括；资讯报道 　　[经典例句] He wrote a very excellent coverag on the European situation. 　　2. tune in to 收听 　　[大纲词汇] tune n.调子，曲调；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整 tune in （to sth.）调谐，收听 　　[经典例句] She usually tunes in to the news on CNN. 　　3. dozens of 很多 　　[大纲词汇] dozen n.十二个 　　[经典例句] I have dozens of things to do. 　　4. comedy 喜剧 　　[大纲词汇] comedy n.喜剧，喜剧性事件 　　[相关词汇] tragedy .悲剧，悲剧性事件 　　5. affair 形势 　　[大纲词汇] affair n.事，事情，事件 　　[扩充词汇] affairs n.事务 　　[经典例句] China will never seek hegemony in the international affairs. 　　6. parliamentary 议会的 　　[大纲词汇] parliament n. 国会，议会 　　[衍生词汇] parliamentary a. 国会的，议会的 　　[经典例句] The new parliamentary building is designed by a famous architect. 　　7. annual 每年的 　　[大纲词汇] annual a. 每年的，年度的；n. 年刊，年鉴 　　[经典例句] The financial department submitted the annual report to the board. 　　8. household 家庭 　　[大纲词汇] household n.户，家庭，全家人 　　[经典例句] How many people are there in your household? 　　9. remarkable 值得注意的 　　[大纲词汇] remarkable a.值得注意的；显著的，异常的，非凡的 　　[经典例句] He has made remarkable progress in his study. 　　10. stretch back 回溯到 　　[大纲词汇] stretch v. 拉长，伸，延； n. 一段时间，一段路程；拉长，延伸 　　[经典例句] Their conflict stretched back over 20 years. 　　11. in doubt 悬而未决 　　[大纲词汇] doubt n./v.怀疑，疑虑 no doubt 无疑，必定 　　[扩充词汇] in doubt 有疑问，悬而未决 　　[经典例句] Whether they will adopt the design is still in doubt. 　　12. broadcasting 广播 　　[大纲词汇] broadcast v./n. 广播（节目） 　　[衍生词汇] broadcasting n.广播，播音 　　[经典例句] She works for a famous broadcasting company. 　　13. for the time being 目前 　　[扩充词汇] for the time being 目前 　　[经典例句] His nephew is living with me for the time being. 　　14. subject of 的对象 　　[大纲词汇] subject n.主题，题目；学科，科目；主语 a. （to）易遭的，受支配的v. （to）使遭受，使服从 　　[经典例句] The minister of defense became the subject of criticism. 　　15. nation-wide 全国的 　　[构词方法] -wide 与名次一起构成形容词，表示全范围的 　　[联想记忆] world-wide 全世界的 　　16. debate 辩论 　　[大纲词汇] debate v./n.争论，辩论 　　[经典例句] A debate on farm price support took place in the Senate yesterday. 　　17. launch 开展 　　[大纲词汇] launch v.发射；使（船）下水；发动；开展；n.发射；下水 　　[经典例句] The environmentalists launched a campaign against pollution. 　　18. royal charter 皇家特许证 　　[大纲词汇] charter v.租车，租船；n.宪章 　　[扩充词汇]charter n.特许 　　19. run out 到期，用完 　　[大纲词汇] run out of 用完，用尽，耗尽 　　[经典例句] We are running out of paper./ The paper is running out. 　　20. keep as it is 按原样保留 　　[经典例句] The expert suggest we keep the ancient house as it is. 　　21. be fond of 喜爱 　　[大纲词汇] fond a.（of）喜爱的，爱好的 　　[经典例句] My niece is very fond of sweets. 　　22. quote 引用 　　[大纲词汇] quote v. 引用，援引 　　[衍生词汇] quotation n.引文，引用 　　[经典例句] The judge quoted various cases in support of his opinion. 　　23. broke 破产的 　　[大纲词汇] broken a.破碎（了）的 　　[扩充词汇] broke a. 不名一文的，破产的注意：不要混淆两词的含义和用法 　　24. distinct from 与截然不同的 　　[大纲词汇] distinct a.清楚的，明显的；（from）截然不同的 distinction n.差别，区分 　　[经典例句] His hobbies are distinct from his work. 　　25. subscription 付款收看 　　[大纲词汇] subscribe v.订阅，订购 　　[衍生词汇] subscription n.订阅，订购 　　[经典例句] I entered a subscription to Time for one year. 　　26. in the long term 从长远来看 　　[扩充词汇] in the long term 从长远来看 　　[经典例句] The policy will benefit the growth of economy in the long term. 　　27. prospect 前景 　　[大纲词汇] prospect n.景色；前景，前途；展望 　　[经典例句] We wish his a bright prospect in the future. 　　28. shrinkage 减少 　　[大纲词汇] shrink v. 起皱，收缩；退缩；畏缩 　　[衍生词汇] shrinkage n.收缩，缩水；减少，低落 　　[构词方法] -age后缀，表示动作，过程 　　[联想记忆] marriage n.婚姻 breakage n.破损 　　29. stand for 表示 　　[大纲词汇] stand for 代替，代表，意味着 　　[经典例句] BBC stand for British Broadcasting Company. 　　30. privilege 特权 　　[大纲词汇] privilege n.特权，优惠，特许；v. 给予优惠，给予特权 　　[经典例句] Education is a privilege in countries where there are still notmany schools. 　　31. granted by 给予 　　[大纲词汇] grant v.同意，准予；给予，授予；n.授予物 　　[经典例句] He was finally granted an entry visa by the British Embassy. 　　32. foremost 首要的 　　[扩充词汇] foremost a. 最前的，最先的；首要的，杰出的 　　[经典例句] He is considered the foremost artist in his country. 　　33. readjust 重新调整 　　[大纲词汇] adjust v.调整，调节；校正 　　[衍生词汇] readjust v.重新调整，使重新适应 　　[构词方法] re-前缀，表示又，再，重新 　　[联想记忆] reappear v.再现 remarry v.再婚 　　[经典例句] The government readjust its policy on import and export. 　　34. no other than 正是 　　[大纲词汇] other than 不同于 　　[扩充词汇] no other than 正是 　　[经典例句] Taking his money away is no other than killing him. 　　35. emergence 出现 　　[大纲词汇] emerge v.浮现，出现 　　[衍生词汇] emergence n.出现，浮现；露头 　　[词汇比较] emergency n.紧急情况，突发事件，非常时刻注意；两词虽只有一个字母之差，但意思截然不同，注意区分 　　[经典例句] The past ten years witnessed the emergence of many newenterprises. 　　36. enforcement 实施 　　[大纲词汇] enforce v.实行，执行；强制 　　[衍生词汇] enforcement n.实施，强制执行 enforceable a.可执行的 　　[经典例句] Many people are against the enforcement of the new Tax Law.