初中英语常见错误之N系列

　　name

　　[误] She was named of a flower.

　　[正] She was named after a flower.

　　[析] 以命名应为name after，又如给某人取名应为The father named his son Tom.

　　near

　　[误] We came near to hit him.

　　[正] We came near to hitting him.

　　[析] 这句话应译为我们几乎要打他一顿。near to这一用法中to为介词，其后要接宾语，所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.

　　by near

　　We lived near the city. 与We lived by the city. 两句话都是对的，但其表达的意义有所不同，by在表达距离时比near更近，所以by the city是紧靠近某城市。

　　need

　　[误] This room needs to clean.

　　[正] This room needs to be cleaned.

　　[正] This room needs cleaning.

　　[析] 在表达某事需要做什么时，need后面如用不定式要用其被动态，如接动名词则要用主动态。

　　[误] We need not to do it.

　　[正] We neednt do it.

　　[析] need用在否定句、疑问句中一般用作情态动词，所以无人称变化也不加to，而在肯定句中则多用作实意动词，如： We need your help.

　　neither

　　[误] None of my parents is a teacher.

　　[正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.

　　[析] 对两者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情况。

　　[误] I dont do my homework. Neither he does.

　　[正] I dont do my homework. Neither does he.

　　[析] 这时应用倒装句。

　　[误] Neither you nor I are right.

　　[正] Neither you nor I am right.

　　[析] neithernor 这一句型在应用时其谓语动词应以邻近的主语一致。

　　[误] Neither he studies nor plays.

　　[正] Neither does he study nor play.

　　[析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定词位于句首时，谓语动词采用倒装形式。

　　never

　　[误] Never I have broken my word.

　　[正] Never have I broken my word.

　　[析] never用于句首时起强调作用，要用倒装语序。但用于句中一般放于情态动词、助动词、或be动词后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成语中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做强。)never mind没关系，如： What did you say?Oh, never mind.

　　news

　　[误] There are many news about the accident.

　　[正] There is much news about the accident.

　　[析] news是不可数名词，它没有复数形式，如果讲一条资讯要用a piece of news.

　　newspaper

　　[误] I read the news on todays newspaper.

　　[正] I read the news in todays newspaper.

　　[析] 在报纸上读到某一条资讯一定要用介词in，而on the newspaper是指把某物放于报纸之上，如： May I put the flower on this newspaper?

　　night

　　[误] I came home very late yesterday night.

　　[正] I came home very late last night.

　　[析] 昨晚一般要讲last night，而不应参照昨天上午、下午、傍晚的说法yesterday morning等套用。

　　no none

　　no是个限定词，它可以用在可数名词单复数或不可数名词前，如： No news is good news. 但如果名词前有另一限定词时则不能用no，而要用none of，如None of the students was here.

　　no not

　　要使句子具有部分否定的意思，我们用not，如： I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定则用no，如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

　　No one none

　　no one与nobody一样不能接of结构，如： No one wished me good luck. 而要用of结构时要用none, 如： None of my friends wished me good luck.

　　nor

　　[误] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.

　　[正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.

　　[析] 注意在表达既不也不时不要用or作连词，而要用nor，并且要用倒装语序。

　　not

　　[误] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.

　　[正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.

　　[析] 要使一个句子或一个句子的某一部分为否定时我们要用not, 而不用no.

　　[误] There is no my letter today.

　　[正] There is no letter for me today.

　　[析] no是一个限定词，用在名词前时，要注意这个名词前应没有冠词、物主代词或指示代词。

　　[误] He not only was a writer but also an actor.

　　[正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.

　　[析] 在这一句型中not only之后?。如果这一结构用在主语位置，则谓语动词要与but also后面的主语保持一致，如： Not only you but also I am wrong.

　　nothing

　　[误] Nothing but books were sold here.

　　[正] Nothing but books was sold here.

　　[析] 要注意真正的主语是nothing而不是books，所以这一结构在学生的使用中经常出错。

　　[误] I have nothing to do but to cry.

　　[正] I have nothing to do but cry.

　　[析] 在这一结构中but后面要用省to的不定式。

　　number

　　[误] A number of news can be heard on TV today.

　　[正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.

　　[析] a number of后接可数名词复数。

　　[误] The number of students are ten thousand.

　　[正] The number of students is ten thousand.

　　[析] a number of 其意为大量的，而the number of是某某的数量。即the number of students意为学生人数，所以要用单数形式的谓语动词。