初中英语常见错误之P系列

　　paper

　　[误] Please give me two letter papers.

　　[正] Please give me two sheets of letter paper.

　　[析] paper作为纸讲为不可数名词。

　　[误] Each student must write paper on what he learned.

　　[正] Each student must write a paper on what he learned.

　　[析] 这里的paper作为论文讲，是可数名词。paper的这种用法还可以用于证件、报纸、考卷等。

　　parent

　　[误] My parents and I are both interested in football.

　　[正] My parents and I are all interested in football.

　　[析] parents即为父母、双亲，指两个人，加上自己为三个人，所以只能用all而不能用both.

　　pass

　　[误] The ship pasted the channel.

　　[正] The ship passed the channel.

　　[析] pass为动词，而past则为副词，不要混淆，如： My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.

　　pay

　　[误] Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.

　　[正] Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.

　　[析] 为某工作付给工人工资应为pay somebody, 而pay for something是为某物付款，如： You can buy all the things you want. Ill pay for those.

　　people

　　[误] There are five hundred peoples here.

　　[正] There are five hundred people here.

　　[误] There is only one people.

　　[正] There is only one person.

　　[误] People there is friendly.

　　[正] People there are friendly.

　　[析] people作为人讲时为复数名词，如要讲一个人应用one person, 而不能用people, 讲若干人时用people而不能加s，这样的用法还有police(警察)等，这些概念用单数时要换其他的词. 如： people-a person; police-policeman policewoman; youth-a young man/woman.

　　picture

　　[误] There are some spots in the picture.

　　[正] There are some spots on the picture.

　　[误] There is a young woman on the picture.

　　[正] There is a young woman in the picture.

　　[析] 指溅落在画面上的灰尘，污物是on the picture，即讲与画面内容无关的东西用on，而in the picture用于讲画面的内容。

　　pity

　　[误] What pity that her mother must always suffer!

　　[正] What a pity that her mother must always suffer!

　　[析] pity作为遗憾之事讲常加不定冠词;但要注意作为同情、怜悯讲则不加冠词，为不可数名词，如： I feel pity for you. 它还可以用作动词，如： He pitied the poor people.

　　[误] I have pity for you.

　　[正] I have pity on you.

　　[析] 可怜某人时应用have (take) pity on somebody，这是个惯用法。

　　place

　　[误] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.

　　[正] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).

　　[析] 到处译为英文时为from place to place请不要在place之前加冠词。这种用法在有些语法书中叫作零冠词用法，如：一户挨一户为door by door，手拉手为hand in hand.

　　[误] The accident was taken place in that street.

　　[正] The accident took place in that street.

　　[析] take place为发生，它不能用于被动态，这样的词还有happen等。

　　[误] There is no place in the bus.

　　[正] There is no room in the bus.

　　[析] room这里为不可数名词，意为空间，即没有地方了。place多指场所所在之地。

　　[误] I came here to take place of Mr Smith.

　　[正] I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.

　　[析] take the place of 意为代替、取代某人某事。

　　play

　　[误] Do you want to play guitar

　　[正] Do you want to play the guitar

　　[误] I like to play the bridge.

　　[正] I like to play bridge(桥牌).

　　[析] play作为玩讲时，在各种乐器前要加冠词，在各种体育运动前则没有冠词。

　　please

　　[误] My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.

　　[正] My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.

　　[析] please作为动词时其词义不是请，而是高兴、愿意等意，如： She always does what she pleases. (她总是想做什么就做什么。)又如： Its hard to please all. 而please作为请讲时为语气词，多用于祈使句中，如： Please come in.

　　[误] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.

　　[正] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.

　　[析] 对某人表示满意、喜欢，应用be pleased with somebody. 对某事感到高兴和满意时多用be pleased at或about，但有时也可用with，却不能用of.

　　pleasure

　　[误] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.

　　[正] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.

　　[析] pleasure作为高兴、愉快、享乐、娱乐 讲时为不可数名词。

　　[误] It is pleasure to work with you.

　　[正] It is a pleasure to work with you.

　　[析] pleasure作为一件或某件乐事、高兴之事讲时为 可数名词，如： It is one of my pleasures.

　　police

　　[误] The police has not found the cause of the accident.

　　[正] The police have not found the cause of the accident.

　　[析] police为复数名词，它没有单数形式。如果要讲一个警察 要用a policeman，两个要用two policemen，或a policewoman, two policewomen.

　　prepare

　　[误] Im preparing the exam.

　　[正] Im preparing for the exam.

　　[误] Well return in time for you to prepare for dinner.

　　[正] Well return in time for you to prepare dinner.

　　[析] prepare既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。作及物动词时 其后面所跟的事物是正在 准备的;而作不及物动词时for后面的事物是目标。如： Im preparing for the exam. 应

　　译为我正在为考试做准备。同样的用法还有search与search for.

　　present

　　[误] Dont worry. I can present the meeting.

　　[正] Dont worry. I can be present at the meeting.

　　[析] present作为出席、在场讲时，是形容词而不应 用作动词。其动词意为 送给;赠给;提出，如： The reporter presented arguments of his idea.

　　put

　　[误] She put off her red dress and put on the green one.

　　[正] She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.

　　[析] 与put连用的介词很多，一般来讲on与off是一对相反的意 义的介词，如： turn on (打开)，turn off(关上)，穿衣服是put on，但脱衣服却只能用take off,而put o ff是推迟、使某人下车、关掉之意，如： They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因国家假日而推迟考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (请在市政厅让我下车。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前请关掉无线电。)