SAT作文素材 Henri Bergsons The Creative Mind
Henri Bergsons The Creative Mind: An Introduction to Metaphysics is a collection of essays and lectures concerning the nature of intuition, explaining how intuition can be used as a philosophical method. Intuition is described as a method of thinking in duration which reflects the continuous flow of reality. Bergson distinguishes between intuitive and conceptual thinking, explaining how intuition and intellect may be combined to produce a dynamic knowledge of reality.
Bergson distinguishes between two forms of time: pure time and mathematical time. Pure time is real duration. Mathematical time is measurable duration. Real time is continuous and indivisible. Mathematical time is divisible into units or intervals which do not reflect the flow of real time.
According to Bergson, real time cannot be analyzed mathematically. To measure time is to try to create a break or disruption in time. In order to try to understand the flow of time, the intellect forms concepts of time as consisting of defined moments or intervals. But to try to intellectualize the experience of duration is to falsify it. Real duration can only be experienced by intuition.
In the intellectual representation of time, a succession of distinct states or events is presented as a spatialized form of time. Time is conceptualized as an ordered arrangement of defined events, rather than as an endless flow of experience in an indivisible continuity. The intellect analyzes time as having measurable duration, but the flow of real time can only be known by intuition.
Bergson says that reality has extension as well as duration. However, space is not a void or vacuum which is filled by reality. Things are not in space, space is in things. Thus, emptiness can only be conceptualized by suppressing a space-occupying reality. Similarly, nothingness can only be conceptualized by suppressing the awareness of being. According to Bergson, emptiness cannot be directly perceived, it can only be conceptualized.
Bergson also argues that intellect and intuition are capable of different kinds of knowledge. Scientific principles are intellectual, while metaphysical principles are intuitive. However, science and philosophy can be combined to produce knowledge that is both intellectual and intuitive. Such knowledge can unify divergent perceptions of reality.
The existence of time may explain the indeterminateness of things. Time as duration may explain why indeterminate things may later be able to be determined. Things that can be determined may also become indeterminate. If time did not exist, all things could be determined simultaneously. The indeterminateness of things means that the outcome of some events may change, and that there may be freedom of action. Freedom can be experienced by direct intuition.
雅思VIP学员:用心消化拒绝填鸭式的备考
助我突破备考"怪圈"拿下雅思听读的双满分
雅思7.5分的学霸经验:前期以积累为主
雅思7分学员的经验:考前一个月专心学习见效快
20天备考雅思取得7.5分听力的满分
高中生的小烤鸭总结雅思的课下学习方法
三战雅思口语5.5升7注意迎合口语的评分标准
雅思口语的通关秘笈:把口试当成聊天
用汗水浇灌奇迹:雅思的写作5.5分到7.5分
精英计划成就了精英的我一年内雅思达7分
“授渔之师”助我捕获雅思的"大鱼"
克服传统英语的教学桎梏三周拿下雅思7.5
雅思阅读8分的感想:好老师助我全面理解雅思阅读
一个月备考初战雅思斩下阅读7.5分的好成绩
6.5分强化班创造雅思8分的奇迹课堂笔记是核心
托福转雅思8节课雅思的口语5.5分变7.5分
相约2014雅思的战场牛人经验助力备考
雅思8分学霸的备考的过程:自我鞭策自我约束
备考雅思没有捷径的披荆斩棘终获7分
备考得当四级刚过也能拿下雅思7分的
雅思学习的心得:“理解”很重要
从雅思考试无从下笔到雅思的阅读8分
美剧学习法助雅思8分"暖男"逆转英语的弱势
小烤鸭们不服输肩扛压力二战冲刺雅思7分
雅思的考试遭遇4次滑铁卢后终获7.5分
VIP老师的雅思口语高效的突破法
雅思的阅读满分牛人心得:裸考要不得
新手的雅思7分大革命:前途光明道路的曲折
8节课完成雅思的听力从6到7的突破
雅思8分的经验:我是如何弥补写作和口语不足的
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |