77. The following appeared in the editorial section of a local newspaper.
In order to avoid the serious health threats associated with many landfills, our municipality should build a plant for burning trash. An incinerator could offer economic as well as ecological advantages over the typical old-fashioned type of landfill: incinerators can be adapted to generate moderate amounts of electricity, and ash residue from some types of trash can be used to condition garden soil.
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
This newspaper editorial concludes that our city should build a plant for burning trash in order to avoid the serious health threats associated with many landfills. The author adds that an incinerator could offer economic benefits as well, since incinerators can be adapted to generate small amounts of electricity for other uses, and since ash residue from some kinds of trash can be used as a soil conditioner. Even if these claims are true, the authors argument is unconvincing in three important respects.
To begin with, the author fails to consider health threats posed by incinerating trash. It is possible, for example, that respiratory problems resulting from the air pollution caused by burning trash might be so extensive that they would outweigh the health risks associated with landfills. If so, the authors conclusion that switching to incineration would be more salutary for public health would be seriously undermined.
Secondly, the author assumes that discontinuing landfill operations would abate the heath threats they now pose. However, this is not necessarily the case. It is possible that irreversible environmental damage to subterranean water supplies, for example, has already occurred. In this event, changing from landfills to incinerators might not avoid or abate serious public health problems.
Thirdly, the authors implicit claim that incinerators are economically advantageous to landfills is poorly supported. Only two small economic benefits of incineration are mentioned, while the costs associated with either burning trash or switching refuse disposal systems are ignored. In all likelihood, such costs would be significant, and may very well outweigh the economic benefits.
In conclusion, the authors argument provides inadequate justification for switching from one disposal system to the other. As it stands, the argument takes into account only a limited number of benefits from the change, while addressing none of its costs. To better evaluate the argument, we must first examine all the health risks posed by each refuse disposal system and conduct a thorough cost-benefit analysis of each system, taking account of the cost of the new system, the cost of the changeover itself, and the expected costs to the community of health problems resulting from each system.
国际英语资讯:Morocco hosts high-level meeting on boosting economic growth in Arab world
柠檬水真的能让你更健康
纽约调查在社交媒体平台出售僵尸粉公司
体坛英语资讯:Veteran Balmont lifts Dijon past Rennes 2-1 in Ligue 1
二月份不要错过的6部好电影
在职场这样和同事说话更受欢迎
中国效率震惊外媒!9小时完成铺设铁路
The Cutest Diplomatic Officers 最可爱的外交官
国内英语资讯:Chinas national legislature to convene on March 5
国内英语资讯:China invites scientists to jointly build digital Silk Road
国内英语资讯:Belt and Road Initiative has great potential: British ambassador to China
体坛英语资讯:Four things to look out for on Spains matchday 21
国内英语资讯:China Focus: China to better safeguard private data with new regulation
国际英语资讯:Austrian, Hungarian leaders share position on tough stance against illegal migration
国内英语资讯:1st LD-Writethru: China pushes technology development to modernize agriculture
《权游》最终季定档!预计明年4月播出
“回家过年卫衣”走红 专治亲戚们的春节“拷问”
参议院阻止妊娠期超20周禁止堕胎议案
费德勒澳网封王 斩获第20个大满贯头衔
贝嫂家中大曝光!又是贫穷限制了想象
国内英语资讯:China asks EU to reconsider supervision requirements for non-EU financial institutions
我国首个高等教育教学质量国家标准发布
一直觉得疲倦,那你知道累还分类型吗?
二月份不要错过的6部好电影
国际英语资讯:Several injured as blast hits railway track in SW Pakistan
体坛英语资讯:Wozniacki edges out Halep in gripping Australian Open final
国际英语资讯:UN envoy upbeat about outcome of Syria talks in Sochi
Protect Our Friends 保护人类的朋友
社交媒体使用方式透露你是哪一种人
国际英语资讯:False alert of missile threat to Hawaii sent by human error: report
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |