GMAT考试写作指导：Issue写作范文八一

　　81. Whether a conformist can achieve lasting success or get rich in business

　　depends primarily on the type of business involved. Iconoclasts rise to the top in newer

　　industries and in those where consumer demand is in constant flux. Conformists

　　ultimately prevail, however, in traditional service industries ensconced in systems and

　　regulations.

　　In consumer-driven industries, innovation, product differentiation, and creativity

　　are crucial to lasting success, in the retail and media sectors, for example,

　　unconventional products and advertising are necessary to catch the attention of

　　consumers and to keep up with the vagaries of consumer tastes. Those who take an

　　iconoclastic approach tend to recognize emerging trends and to rise above their peers.

　　For example, Ted Turners departure from the traditional format of the other television

　　networks, and the responsiveness of Amazon.com to burgeoning Internet commerce,

　　propelled these two giants to leadership positions in their industries. And in technology,

　　where there are no conventional practices or ways of thinking to begin with, companies

　　that fail to break away from last years paradigm are soon left behind by the

　　competition.

　　However, in traditional service industries―such as finance, accounting, insurance,

　　legal services, and health care―lasting success and riches come not to nonconformists

　　but rather to those who can deliver services most effectively within the confines of

　　established practices, policies, and regulations. Of course, a clever idea for structuring a

　　deal, or a creative legal maneuver, may play a role in winning smaller; battles along the

　　way. But such tactics are those of conformists who are playing by the same ground rules

　　as their peers; winners are just better at the game.

　　In conclusion, while non-conformists tend to be the wildly successful players in

　　technology-driven and consumer-driven industries, traditionalists are the winners in

　　system-driven industries pervaded by policy, regulation, and bureaucracy.