The following appeared in a memorandum from a member of a financial management and consulting firm.
We have learned from an employee of Windfall, Ltd., that its accounting department, by checking about ten percent of the last months purchasing invoices for errors and inconsistencies, saved the company some $10,000 in overpayments. In order to help our clients increase their net gains, we should advise each of them to institute a policy of checking all purchasing invoices for errors. Such a recommendation could also help us get the Windfall account by demonstrating to Windfall the rigorousness of our methods.
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
Sample essay 1:
The argument that checking all purchasing invoices for errors will not only increase the net gains of the clients but also help the firm get the Windfall account is not entirely logically convincing, since it ignores certain crucial assumptions.
First, the argument assumes that instituting a policy of checking all purchasing invoices can help find out the errors and inconsistencies. There are a number of reasons why this might not be true. For example, the people who check the accounts will probably make mistakes as anyone else, intentionally or unconsciously. If they do, checking purchasing invoices will not help avoid errors and inconsistencies.
Second, even if the checking can help avoid errors and inconsistencies, it will not necessarily save money for the company, for it is also likely that the accounting department makes no mistakes. If they have no errors, how can the checking save money for the company.
Finally, even supposing the checking does save money for the company, the argument ignores the fact that the checking itself costs the company money. If the cost is more than the gains from the errors, the company will lose money.
Thus, the argument is not completely sound. The evidence in support of the conclusion that the checking of last months invoices has saved the company $10,000 does little prove the conclusion that checking all purchasing invoices for errors will not only increase the net gains of the clients but also help the firm get the Windfall account since it does not address the assumptions I have already raised. Ultimately, the argument might have been strengthened by making it plain that checking all invoices will surely help find out errors, that all the invoices are bound to contain errors, and that the checking itself will not cost much.
Sample essay 2:
In this argument a member of a financial management and consulting firm reasons that since Windfall Ltd. increased its net gains by checking 10 percent of its purchasing invoices for errors, it would be a good idea to advise the firms clients to institute a policy of checking all purchasing invoices for errors. Two potential benefits are foreseen from this recommendation: it could help the firms clients increase their net gains, and it could help the firm land the Windfall account. The members argument is unconvincing for a couple of reasons.
The main problem with the argument is that the conclusion is based upon insufficient evidence. The fact that some of Windfalls purchasing invoices contained errors might simply be attributable to the sloppy accounting practices of Windfalls suppliers. Thus, rather than indicating a general problem, the invoice errors might simply be indicative of a problem that is specific to Windfall Ltd. In other words, the evidence drawn from Windfalls experience is insufficient to support the conclusion that all purchasing invoices are subject to similar errors.
雅思听力陷阱分析:牢记五点注意事项
雅思听力课堂的开场白
雅思听力高级阶段的练习方法
雅思听力中级阶段的练习方法
雅思听力考试心得:心态好你也能拿8分
细数雅思听力的十二大陷阱
雅思听力场景讲解:医疗场景
雅思听力场景分析:图书馆篇
雅思听力提高法宝:增强语感最重要
适应海外生活习惯 提高雅思听力
突破雅思听力四类题型的黄金法则
雅思听力场景讲解:旅游场景
雅思听力场景分析:新生报到篇
雅思听力场景分析:租房场景篇
雅思听力需注意冷门知识点
雅思听力需掌握速读能力和题型定位
雅思听力初级阶段的练习方法
雅思听力场景section2:学习生活困难
65个雅思听力经典词组
雅思听力Section 2场景分析及解题技巧
雅思听力常见缩读词汇总结
雅思听力号码考点的对策和技巧
雅思听力立体训练最有效
雅思听力考试中的四种替换原则
浅谈雅思听力中的语速与语音
雅思听力考试的答题要诀
雅思听力常见信号词总结
雅思听力常考英美地名
雅思听力考试实用技巧整理
从细节上全面快速提高听力
| 不限 |
| 英语教案 |
| 英语课件 |
| 英语试题 |
| 不限 |
| 不限 |
| 上册 |
| 下册 |
| 不限 |