GRE考试阅读辅导：长难句实例分析10

　　1. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?

　　以下哪一个选项最有可能为文章中所谈到的与人类行为有关的人类行为细节相对人类所受限制之间的差异，从人类形态的角度上提供了一个合适的类比?

　　难句类型：复杂修饰、抽象词

　　解释：本句子在所有GRE或GMAT阅读题的题干中是最难读懂的题干之一。本句不但结构复杂，而且用词抽象，使得读者如果想根据语义来搞清楚谁修饰谁，也变得极为困难。分析如下：本句的主干是Which of the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraints distinction?。 Versus是一个介词，等于against，即体育比赛中的VS.其他的所有成分均是一些修饰成分。其中一个对答题最重要的限制条件是from human morphology，　说明这种类比的比较双方所比的必须是人类形态上的特征。

　　意群训练：Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?

　　2. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers　had removed most of the algae.

　　在存在大量食草动物的同时却只有少量的水藻花粉囊，这暗示出――但没能证明――食草动物已吞噬了大部分水藻。

　　难句类型：插入语

　　解释：本句主语很长，而且谓语suggested与that引导的宾语从句间被插入语but did not prove隔开，造成阅读障碍。当suggest与but did not prove连在一起使用的时候，其意思不是建议，而是指一种基于主观臆测的推理，中文翻译成暗示。其英文释义为：to call to mind by though or association the explosion suggested sabotage.GRE、GMAT及LSAT文章中，常用suggest，but do not prove来描述一种没有真凭实据、可能有问题的理论，然后在后面的叙述中把它否定掉。

　　意群训练：A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers　had removed most of the algae.

　　3. Perhaps the fact many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net ， a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on ， led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.

　　可能这样一个事实，那就是很多这样的最初的研究只是考虑了那些能够用网捞起来的大小的水藻，这样一个忽视了更小的浮游生物的做法，导致了在接下来的研究中对于捕食者的作用的贬低。

　　难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语

　　解释：句子的结构繁杂。句子的主语令人吃惊地长，在最后一个逗号后的led以前，全是主语!其实句子的主干简单，就是the fact led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers.但是本句的主语the fact后面的修饰成分长得吓人，先是个定语从句;定语从句中又套了一个定语从句。然后逗号后面的a practice引导的部分是前面的主语的同位语兼任插入语，practice后面的修饰它的一大堆东西又是定语从句套着定语从句。本句是典型的层层修饰结构。

　　意群训练：Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net， a pratice that overlooked the smaller that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on， led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.