北美gre考试阅读真题解析(B)

　　Mary Barton, particularly in its early chapters, is a moving response to the suffering of the industrial worker in the England of the 1840s. What is most impressive about the book is the intense and painstaking effort made by the author, Elizabeth Gaskell, to convey the experience of everyday life in working-class homes. Her method is partly documentary in nature: the novel includes such features as a carefully annotated reproduction of dialect, the exact details of food prices in an account of a tea party , an itemized description of the furniture of the Bartons living room, and a transcription made especially for use in radio broadcasting) of the ballad The Oldham Weaver. The interest of this record is considerable, even though the method has a slightly distancing effect.

　　As a member of the middle class, Gaskell could hardly help approaching working-class life as an outside observer and a reporter, and the reader of the novel is always conscious of this fact. But there is genuine imaginative re-creation in her accounts of the walk in Green Heys Fields, of tea at the Bartons house, and of John Barton and his friends discovery of the starving family in the cellar in the chapter Poverty and Death. Indeed, for a similarly convincing re-creation of such families emotions and responses , the English novel had to wait 60 years for the early writing of D. H. Lawrence. If Gaskell never quite conveys the sense of full participation that would completely authenticate this aspect of Mary Barton, she still brings to these scenes an intuitive recognition of feelings that has its own sufficient conviction.

　　The chapter Old Alices History brilliantly dramatizes the situation of that early generation of workers brought from the villages and the countryside to the urban industrial centers. The account of Job Legh, the weaver and naturalist who is devoted to the study of biology, vividly embodies one kind of response to an urban industrial environment: an affinity for living things that hardens, by its very contrast with its environment, into a kind of crankiness. The early chaptersabout factory workers walking out in spring into Green Heys Fields; about Alice Wilson, remembering in her cellar the twig-gathering for brooms in the native village that she will never again see; about Job Legh, intent on his impaled insectscapture the characteristic responses of a generation to the new and crushing experience of industrialism. The other early chapters eloquently portray the development of the instinctive cooperation with each other that was already becoming an important tradition among workers.

　　17. Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward Gaskells use of the method of documentary record in Mary Barton?

　　 Uncritical enthusiasm

　　 Unresolved ambivalence

　　 Qualified approval

　　 Resigned acceptance

　　 Mild irritation

　　18. According to the passage, Mary Barton and the early novels of D. H. Lawrence share which of the following?

　　 Depiction of the feelings of working-class families

　　 Documentary objectivity about working-class circumstances

　　 Richly detailed description of working-class adjustment to urban life

　　 Imaginatively structured plots about working-class characters

　　 Experimental prose style based on working-class dialect

　　19. Which of the following is most closely analogous to Job Legh in Mary Barton, as that character is described in the passage?

　　 An entomologist who collected butterflies as a child

　　 A small-town attorney whose hobby is nature photography

　　 A young man who leaves his familys dairy farm to start his own business

　　 A city dweller who raises exotic plants on the roof of his apartment building

　　 A union organizer who works in a textile mill under dangerous conditions

　　20. It can be inferred from examples given in the last paragraph of the passage that which of the following was part of the new and crushing experience of industrialism for many members of the English working class in the nineteenth century?

　　 Extortionate food prices

　　 Geographical displacement

　　 Hazardous working conditions

　　 Alienation from fellow workers

　　 Dissolution of family ties

　　21. It can be inferred that the author of the passage believes that Mary Barton might have been an even better novel if Gaskell had

　　 concentrated on the emotions of a single character

　　 made no attempt to re-create experiences of which she had no firsthand knowledge

　　 made no attempt to reproduce working-class dialects

　　 grown up in an industrial city

　　 managed to transcend her position as an outsider

　　22. Which of the following phrases could best be substituted for the phrase this aspect of Mary Barton in line 29 without changing the meaning of the passage as a whole?

　　 the material details in an urban working-class environment

　　 the influence of Mary Barton on lawrences early work

　　 the place of Mary Barton in the development of the English novel

　　 the extent of the poverty and physical suffering among Englands industrial workers in the 1840s

　　 the portrayal of the particular feelings and responses of working-class characters

　　23. The author of the passage describes Mary Barton as each of the following EXCEPT:

　　 insightful

　　 meticulous

　　 vivid

　　 poignant

　　 lyrical

　　As of the late 1980s, neither theorists nor large-scale computer climate models could accurately predict whether cloud systems would help or hurt a warming globe. Some studies suggested that a four percent increase in stratocumulus clouds over the ocean could compensate for a doubling in atmospheric carbon dioxide, preventing a potentially disastrous planetwide temperature increase. On the other hand, an increase in cirrus clouds could increase global warming.

　　That clouds represented the weakest element in climate models was illustrated by a study of fourteen such models. Comparing climate forecasts for a world with double the current amount of carbon dioxide, researchers found that the models agreed quite well if clouds were not included. But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced. With such discrepancies plaguing the models, scientists could not easily predict how quickly the worlds climate would change, nor could they tell which regions would face dustier droughts or deadlier monsoons.

　　24. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with

　　 confirming a theory

　　 supporting a statement

　　 presenting new information

　　 predicting future discoveries

　　 reconciling discrepant findings

　　25. It can be inferred that one reason the fourteen models described in the passage failed to agree was that

　　 they failed to incorporate the most up-to-date information about the effect of clouds on climate

　　 they were based on faulty information about factors other than clouds that affect climate

　　 they were based on different assumptions about the overall effects of clouds on climate

　　 their originators disagreed about the kinds of forecasts the models should provide

　　 their originators disagreed about the factors other than clouds that should be included in the models

　　26. It can be inferred that the primary purpose of the models included in the study discussed in the second paragraph of the passage was to

　　 predict future changes in the worlds climate

　　 predict the effects of cloud systems on the worlds climate

　　 find a way to prevent a disastrous planetwide temperature increase

　　 assess the percentage of the Earths surface covered by cloud systems

　　 estimate by how much the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earths atmosphere will increase

　　27. The information in the passage suggests that scientists would have to answer which of the following questions in order to predict the effect of clouds on the warming of the globe?

　　 What kinds of cloud systems will form over the Earth?

　　 How can cloud systems be encouraged to form over the ocean?

　　 What are the causes of the projected planetwide temperature increase?

　　 What proportion of cloud systems are currently composed of cirrus of clouds?

　　 What proportion of the clouds in the atmosphere form over land masses?

答案：17-27：CADBEEEBCAA